Editorial
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U. D. Hangen
The first six papers in this volume of the Zeitschrift für Metallkunde give a better understanding of the origin of the hardness of materials and of the nanohardness test procedure itself. They have been presented during the 3rd European Symposium on nanoMechanical Testing (nanoMech 3); September 17–19, 2003 in Hückelhoven, Germany.
The combinatorial materials research was a special focus of the nanoMech 3. It is an experimental approach that is already widely used in drug research and polymer science. High throughput screening methods are used to analyse the materials properties. The combinatorial synthesis of metals, ceramics or semiconductors, however, is still not used widely [1]. The mechanical properties are important for several applications and thus an important descriptor that could be used for materials evaluation. On polymers the density of cross-linking can be investigated; wear-resistant films can be changed in their composition for the best hardness and modulus. What sounds like a quick and dirty method here, turns out to be a very accurate approach. Usually, the composition gradients are much better controlled than the composition of single samples and a number of methods is used to characterise the properties most interesting for the application (composition, crystal structure, conductivity, modulus, . . .).
As an example, Fig. 1 shows maps for Fe –Co –Ni alloys. A metal film with a thickness of 20 μm was deposited on a glass substrate. The film has concentration gradients going from 100% of the element specified in the corner of the film to 0% on the opposite side. The metal film was investigated by X-ray diffraction and nanoIndentation. The comparison of both maps shows that the face-centred cubic (fcc) region exhibits a lower hardness than the regions containing body-centred cubic (bcc) phases.
![Fig. 1 (a) Crystal structure by X-ray diffraction; (b) hardness map by nanoIndentation [2].](/document/doi/10.3139/ijmr-2003-0137/asset/graphic/j_ijmr-2003-0137_fig_001.jpg)
(a) Crystal structure by X-ray diffraction; (b) hardness map by nanoIndentation [2].
A further focus of the 3rd European Symposium on nanoMechanical Testing was the testing of polymers. The authors decided to publish their work in polymerrelated journals. For completeness reasons it shall be referred to the contributions that have already been published [3, 4, 5].
Literatur
[1] X.-D. Xiang, P.G. Schultz: The combinatorial synthesis and evaluation of functional materials, Physica C 282–287 (1997) 428.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] Y.K. Yoo et al.: submitted.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] V. Herrmann, K. Unseld, H.B. Fuchs: The scale behaviour of fillers in elastomers by means of indentation tests, Colloid. Polym. Sci. 280 (2002) 267.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] K.J. Wahl, S.A. Syed Asif: Surface mechanical measurements at the nanoscale, in: M.K. Chaudhury, A.v. Pocius (Eds.), Comprehensive Adhesion Science, Vol. 2, Surfaces, Chemistry and Applications, Elsevier (2002) 193.10.1016/B978-044451140-9/50004-4Suche in Google Scholar
[5] H.G.H. van Melick, O.F.J.T. Bressers, J.M.J. den Toonder, L.E. Govaert, H.E.H. Meijer: A micro-indentation method for probing the craze-initiation stress in glassy polymers, Polymer 44 (2003) 2481.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2003 Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Editorial
- Articles/Aufsätze
- On the origins and mechanisms of the indentation size effect
- Nanoindentation testing of gear steels
- Nanoscale materials testing under industrially relevant conditions: high-temperature nanoindentation testing
- Investigation of the properties of candidate reference materials suited for the calibration of nanoindentation instruments
- Approaches of quantifying the entire load–depth curve in terms of hardness
- Effect of interphase boundaries on nanoindentation experiments on a Ni-base alloy
- Nanoindentation measurements on infiltrated alumina–aluminide alloys
- The phase diagram of the Cd–In–Sn system
- Experimental study of the liquid/liquid interfacial tension in immiscible Al–Bi system
- Solid state synthesis of Al-based amorphous and nanocrystalline Al–Nb–Si and Al–Zr–Si alloys
- X-ray diffraction study on the microstructure of an Al–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy deformed by high-pressure torsion
- A laser-remelted complex manganese bronze with shape memory
- Notifications/Mitteilungen
- Personal/Personelles
- Books/Bücher
- Conferences/Konferenzen
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Editorial
- Articles/Aufsätze
- On the origins and mechanisms of the indentation size effect
- Nanoindentation testing of gear steels
- Nanoscale materials testing under industrially relevant conditions: high-temperature nanoindentation testing
- Investigation of the properties of candidate reference materials suited for the calibration of nanoindentation instruments
- Approaches of quantifying the entire load–depth curve in terms of hardness
- Effect of interphase boundaries on nanoindentation experiments on a Ni-base alloy
- Nanoindentation measurements on infiltrated alumina–aluminide alloys
- The phase diagram of the Cd–In–Sn system
- Experimental study of the liquid/liquid interfacial tension in immiscible Al–Bi system
- Solid state synthesis of Al-based amorphous and nanocrystalline Al–Nb–Si and Al–Zr–Si alloys
- X-ray diffraction study on the microstructure of an Al–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy deformed by high-pressure torsion
- A laser-remelted complex manganese bronze with shape memory
- Notifications/Mitteilungen
- Personal/Personelles
- Books/Bücher
- Conferences/Konferenzen
