Home Hot forming of a new steel used in stamping dies and tooling
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Hot forming of a new steel used in stamping dies and tooling

  • Rafael Barea , Gerardo Conejero , Nuria Candela and Manuel Carsí
Published/Copyright: March 30, 2014
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

The hot forming behavior of a new steel used in manufacturing processes at high temperatures such as hot stamping has been studied in this article. Compression and tensile tests were performed at low and high strain rates in a temperature range of 1 173–1 473 K to simulate forming processing conditions. The deformation data obtained from these experiments were correlated with the Garofalo equation with a stress exponent of 4.4 and an activation energy of 277 kJ · mol−1. This equation was used to determine the J-factor efficiency and stability of the steel. Temperatures in the range 1 423 to 1 473 K are recommended to conduct the forming process.


* Correspondence address, Rafael Barea del Cerro, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Nebrija, C/Pirineos 55 28040 Madrid, Spain. Tel.: +34 91 452 11 00 ext 5852, Fax: +34 91 452 11 10, E-mail:

References

[1] B.Zhu, Y-BZhang, J.Li, H.Wang, Z-C.Ye: Mater. Res. Int.15 (S1) (2011) 426. 10.1179/143307511X12858957675435Search in Google Scholar

[2] M.Naderi, M.Ketabchi, M.Abbasi, W.Bleak: J. Mater. Proc. Tech.211 (2011) 1117. 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.015Search in Google Scholar

[3] S.J.Harris, N.R.Nag: J. Mater. Sci.10 (1975) 1137. 10.1007/BF00541394Search in Google Scholar

[4] G.Rees, J.Perdrix, T.Maurickx, H.K.D.H.Bhadeshia: Mater. Sci. Eng. A194 (1995) 179. 10.1016/0921-5093(94)09673-2Search in Google Scholar

[5] H.J.McQueen: Metall. Mater. Trans.33A (2002) 345. 10.1007/s11661-002-0096-3Search in Google Scholar

[6] I.Rieiro, O.ARuano, M.Eddahbi, M.Carsí: J. Mat. Process. Tech.78 (1998) 177. 10.1016/S0924-0136(97)00481-0Search in Google Scholar

[7] J.Castellanos, I.Rieiro, M.Carsi, J.Muñoz, M.El Mehtedi, O.A.Ruano: Mater. Sci. Engineer.A517 (2009) 191. 10.1016/j.msea.2009.03.042Search in Google Scholar

[8] H.L.Gegel, J.C.Malas, S.M.Doraivelu, V.A.Shende: Metals Handbook, Metals Park (1987).Search in Google Scholar

[9] I.Rieiro, M.Carsí, O.A.Ruano: Mater. Sci. Technol.25 (2009) 995. 10.1179/174328408X369429Search in Google Scholar

[10] I.Rieiro, A.Martinez, A.Fernandez, M.Carsí: Rev. Metal. Madrid34 (1998) 355.Search in Google Scholar

[11] I.Rieiro, M.Carsí, F.Peñalba: Rev. Metal. Madrid32 (1996) 321.Search in Google Scholar

[12] M.Carsí, F.Peñalba, I.Rieiro, F.Zapiráin, O.A.Ruano: Z. Metallkd.91 (2000) 1057.Search in Google Scholar

[13] F.Garofalo: Fundamentals of Creeps Rupture in Metals, MacMillan, New York (1965).Search in Google Scholar

[14] J.M.Alexander: Modeling Hot Deformation of Steels, J. Lenard, Berlin (1989).Search in Google Scholar

[15] H.Frost, J.M.F.Ashby: Deformation-Mechanism Maps, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1982).Search in Google Scholar

[16] Y.V.R.K.Prasad, H.L.Gegel, S.M.Doraivelu, J.C.Malas, J.T.Morgan, K.A.Lark, D.R.Barker: Metall. Trans.15A (1984) 1883.10.1007/BF02664902Search in Google Scholar

[17] I.Rieiro, J.Castellanos, M.Carsí, D.Martín, M.T.Larrea, O.A.Ruano: Rev. Latin Am. Metal. Mat.S1 (2009) 725.Search in Google Scholar

[18] J.Lasalle, L.Solomon: Stability by Liapunov's Direct Method, Academic Press, New York (1961).Search in Google Scholar

[19] E.J.Beltrami: Mathematics for Dynamic Modelling, Academic Press, Boston (1987).Search in Google Scholar

[20] Y.V.R.K.Prasad: Metall. Trans.27 (1996) 235. 10.1007/BF02647765Search in Google Scholar

[21] M.Carsí, R.Allende, F.Peñalba, J.A.Jiménez, O.A.Ruano: Steel Res. Int.75 (2004) 26.Search in Google Scholar

[22] J.Castellanos, V.Gutiérrez, I.Rieiro, O.A.Ruano, M.Carsí: Rev. Metal. Madrid45 (2009) 70.Search in Google Scholar

[23] A.Al Omar: Ph.D.Thesis, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain (1996).Search in Google Scholar

[24] A.AlOmar, J.M Prado: Rev. Metal. Madrid46 (2010) 143.Search in Google Scholar

[25] T.Vecko-Pirtovsek, G.Kugler, M.Godec, R.Turk, M.Tercelj: RMZ-Materials and Geoenvironment53 (2006) 93.Search in Google Scholar

[26] H.J.McQueen, N.Jin, N.D.Ryan: Mater. Sci. Eng. A190 (1995) 4353. 10.1016/0921-5093(94)09599-RSearch in Google Scholar

[27] B.Roebuck, J.D.Lord, M.Brooks, M.S.Loveday, C.M.Sellars, R.W.Evans: Measuring Flow Stress in Hot Axisymmetric Compression Assays, NPL Good Practice Guide 3, London (2002).Search in Google Scholar

[28] D.M.Botes, D.G.Watts: Non Linear Regression Analysis and its Applications, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1986).Search in Google Scholar

[29] F.S.Buffington, K.Hirano, M.Cohen: Acta Metall.9 (1961) 434. 10.1016/0001-6160(61)90137-7Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2010-7-29
Accepted: 2012-8-13
Published Online: 2014-03-30
Published in Print: 2013-03-14

© 2013, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Downloaded on 13.11.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/146.110861/html?lang=en
Scroll to top button