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Effects of Lanthanum on Magnetic Behavior and Hardness of Electroless Ni–Fe–P Deposits

  • Wei-Qing Huang , Gui-Fang Huang , Xing Wang , Chun-Lin Xie and Bing Liang
Published/Copyright: June 11, 2013
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International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 100 Issue 5

Abstract

In this paper, the effects of lanthanum on the deposition rate, composition, structure, hardness, magnetic and anti-corrosion behaviors of electroless Ni – Fe – P deposits prepared from sulphate bath were investigated. In order to characterize the deposits, gravimetric and electrochemical measurement, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and magnetic measurement were applied. The results show that the deposition rate decreases with increasing LaCl3 · 7 H2O concentration in the bath due to the competition adsorptions between rare earth lanthanum, metal ions, and hypophosphite on the surface of the substrate. The magnetic behavior of the deposit is strongly dependent on the LaCl3 · 7 H2O concentration in the bath. The coercive force of the deposit increases, while its saturation magnetization decreases with LaCl3 · 7 H2O concentration increase. When the LaCl3 · 7 H2O concentration reaches 1.50 g l – 1, the deposit shows a rectangular hysteresis loop with high coercivity. The moderate addition of lanthanum in the bath will increase the hardness of the deposits as a result of the change of composition and structure of deposits. However, the addition of lanthanum has little effect on the corrosion resistance of the deposits.

Keywords: Electroless; Ni – Fe – P deposit; Rare earth; Magnetic
* Correspondence address, Prof. Dr. G.-F. Huang, College of Physics and microelectronics, Hunan University, 410082 Changsha, China, Tel.: +86 731 864 3310, Fax: +86 731 882 2332, E-mail: .

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Received: 2008-1-2
Accepted: 2009-2-9
Published Online: 2013-06-11
Published in Print: 2009-05-01

© 2009, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

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https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110079
Keywords for this article
Electroless; Ni – Fe – P deposit; Rare earth; Magnetic

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Feature
  4. Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets a quarter century later: implications for patentability
  5. Micromagnetism of advanced hard magnetic materials
  6. Magnetism of nanostructured materials for advanced magnetic recording
  7. Basic
  8. A Study of the Al–Mg–B Ternary Phase Diagram
  9. Effects of Lanthanum on Magnetic Behavior and Hardness of Electroless Ni–Fe–P Deposits
  10. Interfacial Reactions between Lead-Free Solders and the Multilayer Au/Ni/SUS304 Substrate
  11. Melting Behavior of Sn–Bi Alloy Powder Compacts Observed Using Optical Dilatometry
  12. High-Strength Mg-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composites with Remarkable Plasticity
  13. Determination of Liquidus Temperature in Sn–Ti–Zr Alloys by Viscosity, Electrical Conductivity and XRD Measurements
  14. The coupled FEM analysis of super-high angular speed polishing of diamond films
  15. Applied
  16. Comparison of Depth-Sensing Indentation at Ultramicroscopic Contacts by Single- and Multiple-Partial-Unload Cycles
  17. Sintering Behavior of ZnO: Mn Ceramics Fabricated from Sol-Gel Derived Nanocrystalline powders
  18. Suitability of Maraging Steel Weld Cladding for Repair of Die-Casting Tooling
  19. Enhanced properties of functionally graded Cu–Cr powder compacts
  20. Influence of Cr on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–Si Eutectic Alloys
  21. Notifications
  22. DGM News
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