On the small scale character of the stress and hydrogen concentration fields at the tip of an axial crack in steel pipeline: effect of hydrogen-induced softening on void growth
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Mohsen Dadfarnia
Abstract
Gaseous hydrogen transport at pressures of 15 MPa is envisaged as a means of hydrogen delivery from central production facilities to refueling stations for the planned hydrogen economy. The study of the hydrogen embrittlement of medium or mild strength steels, which are under consideration for pipeline materials, has not as of yet led to methods to design safe and reliable pipelines. The most important failure modes in hydrogen containment components are due to subcritical cracking. However, current design guidelines for pipelines only tacitly address subcritical cracking by applying arbitrary, conservative safety factors on the applied stress. In the present work, we investigate the interaction of hydrogen transport with material elastoplasticity in the neighborhood of an axial crack in a steel pipeline. For all practical purposes, we find that the stress, deformation, and hydrogen fields exhibit a small scale character which allows for the use of the standard modified boundary layer approach to the study of the fracture behavior of steel pipelines. The approach is based on constraint fracture mechanics methodology whereby a two-parameter characterization – the stress intensity factor and the T-stress – is used to describe the interaction of the stress and deformation fields with the diffusing hydrogen under conditions of hydrogen uptake from the crack faces and outgassing through the outer boundaries, as in the pipeline. Employing the Rice and Tracey model of void growth, we find that hydrogen-induced softening can accelerate void growth in a small region confined at the crack tip by as much as 70 % relative to the case of a hydrogen-free material. We close by suggesting that one can ascertain the hydrogen effects on fracture at an axial pipeline crack with the use of a laboratory fracture mechanics specimen tested in hydrogen gas and subjected to the same intensity factor, and hydrostatic constraint, T-stress, as the real-life pipeline.
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© 2008, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Contents
- Editorial
- Prof. Dr. Reiner Kirchheim
- Review
- Laser-assisted atom probe tomography and nanosciences
- Heusler films and multilayers: X-ray resonant magnetic scattering and polarized neutron reflectivity studies on the relation between structure and magnetism
- Perovskite-type hydrides – synthesis, structures and properties
- Basic
- Interface width of immiscible layered elements
- The decomposition reaction of lithium amide studied by anelastic spectroscopy and thermogravimetry
- Migration of faceted high-angle grain boundaries in Zn
- EELS analysis of internal metal – oxide interfaces
- Effect of Chemical Confinement on the mechanical relaxation spectra of poly(ethene-co-methacrylic acid) copolymers
- Applied
- Properties of hydrogen absorption by nano-structured FeTi alloys
- A subnanoscale study of the nucleation, growth, and coarsening kinetics of Cu-rich precipitates in a multicomponent Fe – Cu based steel
- Hydrogen absorption in 3.1 nanometre sized palladium samples: does structure matter?
- Ultrasonic study of short-range hydrogen ordering in Pd-hydride
- Homogeneity of mechanically alloyed nano-crystalline Fe – Cu-powders
- Formation of nickel nanoparticles in nickel – ceramic anodes during operation of solid-oxide fuel cells
- Characterisation of complex hydrides synthesised or modified by ball milling
- On the small scale character of the stress and hydrogen concentration fields at the tip of an axial crack in steel pipeline: effect of hydrogen-induced softening on void growth
- Notifications
- DGM News
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Contents
- Editorial
- Prof. Dr. Reiner Kirchheim
- Review
- Laser-assisted atom probe tomography and nanosciences
- Heusler films and multilayers: X-ray resonant magnetic scattering and polarized neutron reflectivity studies on the relation between structure and magnetism
- Perovskite-type hydrides – synthesis, structures and properties
- Basic
- Interface width of immiscible layered elements
- The decomposition reaction of lithium amide studied by anelastic spectroscopy and thermogravimetry
- Migration of faceted high-angle grain boundaries in Zn
- EELS analysis of internal metal – oxide interfaces
- Effect of Chemical Confinement on the mechanical relaxation spectra of poly(ethene-co-methacrylic acid) copolymers
- Applied
- Properties of hydrogen absorption by nano-structured FeTi alloys
- A subnanoscale study of the nucleation, growth, and coarsening kinetics of Cu-rich precipitates in a multicomponent Fe – Cu based steel
- Hydrogen absorption in 3.1 nanometre sized palladium samples: does structure matter?
- Ultrasonic study of short-range hydrogen ordering in Pd-hydride
- Homogeneity of mechanically alloyed nano-crystalline Fe – Cu-powders
- Formation of nickel nanoparticles in nickel – ceramic anodes during operation of solid-oxide fuel cells
- Characterisation of complex hydrides synthesised or modified by ball milling
- On the small scale character of the stress and hydrogen concentration fields at the tip of an axial crack in steel pipeline: effect of hydrogen-induced softening on void growth
- Notifications
- DGM News
