Performance test to evaluate the corrosion resistance of stainless steel in concrete

References

1 DIN 1045-2: 2008: Concrete, Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Structures – Part 2: Concrete – Specification, Properties, Production and Conformity – Application rules for DIN EN 206-1, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, Germany (2008)Suche in Google Scholar

2 DIN EN 1992-2: Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures – Part 2: Concrete Bridges – Design and Detailing Rules, German Version EN 1992-2: 2005 + AC:2008, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, Germany (2010)Suche in Google Scholar

3 C.Gehlen, S. v.Greve-Dierfeld, J.Gulikers, S.Helland, A.Rahimi, M.Bartholomew, C.Edvardsen, M.Ferreira, G.Markeset, P.McKenna, F.Papworth, B.Pielstick. (2015): Benchmarking of deemed-to-satisfy provisions in standards – Durability of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chlorides, fib bulletin 76, International Federation for Structural Concrete, Lausanne, Switzerland, ISBN 978-2-88394-116-8 (2015)Suche in Google Scholar

4 DIN 488-1: 2009-08: Reinforcing Steels – Part 1: Grades, Properties, Marking, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, Germany (2009)Suche in Google Scholar

5 DIN EN 10088: Stainless Steels, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, Germany (2014)Suche in Google Scholar

6 F.Hunkeler: The use of stainless steel as reinforcement in concrete construction (Einsatz von nichtrostenden Bewehrungsstählen im Betonbau), Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC), Report VSS Nr. 543, Wildegg, Switzerland (2000)Suche in Google Scholar

7 I.Class: Influencing the corrosion resistance of stainless chromium and chromium-nickel steels by varying the alloy components (Die Beeinflussung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit von nichtrostenden Chrom- und Chrom-Nickel-Stählen durch Variation der Legierungsbestandteile), Chemie Ingenieur Technik36 (1964), pp. 131–14710.1002/cite.330360208Suche in Google Scholar

8 ISO 15156-3: Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries – Materials for Use in H₂S-Containing Environments in Oil and Gas Production – Part 3: Cracking–Resistant CRAs (Corrosion-Resistant Alloys) and Other Alloys, Technical Circular 1, International Standardization Organization, Geneve, Switzerland (2016)Suche in Google Scholar

9 L.Bertolini, F.Bolzoni, T.Pastore, P.Pedeferri: Stainless steel behaviour in simulated concrete pore solution, British Corrosion Journal31 (1996), No. 3, pp. 218–22210.1179/000705996798114572Suche in Google Scholar

10 T.Pastore, P.Pedeferri, L.Bertolini, F.Bolzoni, A.Cigada: Electrochemical study on the use of duplex stainless steel in concrete, Proc. of the Intern. Conf. on Duplex-Stainless Steels 91, Vol. 2, Beaune, France (1991), pp. 905–913Suche in Google Scholar

11 G. R.Summers, N. H.Olsen: New concepts in the durability and repair of reinforced concrete, Proc. of the Conf. on Deterioration of Reinforced Concrete in the Gulf and Methods of Repair, Muscat, Oman (1996), pp. 81–107Suche in Google Scholar

12 K. W. J.Treadaway, R. N.Cox, B. L.Brown: Durability of corrosion resisting steels in concrete, Proceeding of the Institution of Civil Engineers Part 1, 86 (1989), pp. 305–33110.1680/iicep.1989.1628Suche in Google Scholar

13 U.Nürnberger, W.Beul, G.Onuseit: Corrosion behaviour of welded stainless reinforced steel in concrete Otto-Graf-Journal, FMPA BW Stuttgart4 (1993), pp. 225–259Suche in Google Scholar

14 A. B.Zoob, P. J.Le Claire, D. W.Pfeifer: Corrosion Protection Tests on Reinforced Concrete with Solid Stainless Steel Reinforcing Bars for Joslyn Stainless Steels, Elstner Associates, Report (1985), https://www.wje.com/aboutSuche in Google Scholar

15 T.Pastore, P.Pedeferri: Corrosion behaviour of duplex stainless steel in chloride contaminated concrete, Proc. of the International Conference of Stainless Steel, Vol. 1, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Chiba, Japan (1991)Suche in Google Scholar

16 L.Bertolini, F.Bolzoni, T.Pastore, P.Pedeferri: Behavior of stainless steels in concrete in the presence of chlorides (Comportamento di acciai inossidabili in calcestruzzo in presenza di cloruri), L'industria Ialiana del Cemento (1993), pp. 651–656 (in Italian)Suche in Google Scholar

17 A.Pachón-Montaño, J.Sánchez-Montero, C.Andrade, J.Fullea, E.Moreno, V.Matres: Threshold concentration of chlorides in concrete for stainless steel reinforcement: Classic austenitic and new duplex stainless steel, Construction and Building Materials186 (2018) pp. 495–50210.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.081Suche in Google Scholar

18 A. Sagüés, A.: Critical issues in electrochemical corrosion measurement techniques for steel in concrete, NACE Annual Conference Corrosion, NACE, Houston, Texas, USA (1991), Paper No. 141Suche in Google Scholar

19 A. Sagüés, A.: Corrosion measurement techniques for steel in concrete, NACE Annual Conference Corrosion, NACE, Houston, Texas, USA (1993), Paper No. 353Suche in Google Scholar

20 U.Angst, M.Büchler: On the applicability of the Stern-Geary relationship to determine instantaneous corrosion rates in macro-cell corrosion, Materials and Corrosion66 (2015), pp. 1017–102810.1002/maco.201407997Suche in Google Scholar

21 U.Angst, B.Elsener, C. K.Larsen, Ø.Vennesland: Critical chloride content in reinforced concrete – A review, Cement and Concrete Research39 (2009), pp. 1122–113810.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.006Suche in Google Scholar

22 P.Schießl, P.Bamforth, V.Baroghel-Bouny, G.Corley, M.Faber, J.Forbes, C.Gehlen, P.Helene, S.Helland, T.Ishida, G.Markeset, L.-O.Nilsson, S.Rostam, A. J. M.Siemes, J.Walraven: Model code for service life design, fib bulletin 34, International Federation for Structural Concrete, Lausanne, Switzerland (2006)10.35789/fib.BULL.0034Suche in Google Scholar

23 ECISS/TC 104/WG 3 N E178: Corrosion Resistant Reinforcing Steels (WI EC104031), European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization, draft version 2014Suche in Google Scholar

24 L.Bertolini, F.Traisci: Draft Report Test Corrosion according to ECISS/TC 104/WG 3 N, European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization (2011)Suche in Google Scholar

25 S.v.Greve-Dierfeld, J.Bisschop, Y.Schiegg: On the effect of stainless steel on service life of reinforced concrete structures (Nichtrostende Bewehrungsstähle zur Verlängerung der korrosionsfreien Lebensdauer von Stahlbetonbauwerken), Beton- und Stahlbetonbau112 (2017), No. 9, pp. 601–61010.1002/best.201700038 (in German)Suche in Google Scholar

26 DIN EN 196-1: 2005: Methods of Testing Cement – Part 1: Determination of Strength, Beuth, Berlin, Germany (2016)Suche in Google Scholar

27 A.Schießl-Pecka, U.Willberg, A.Rausch, W.Bäumler: 100 years durability for bridge and tunnel constructions – The variable 3-stage concept (100 Jahre Dauerhaftigkeit für Brücken- und Tunnelbauwerke), Beton- und Stahlbetonbau113 (2018), Heft 10, pp. 746–75510.1002/best.201800032 (in German)Suche in Google Scholar

28 U.Nürnberger, W.Beul: Corrosion of stainless steel reinforcement in cracked concrete, Otto-Graf-Journal FMPA BW Stuttgart, Vol. 10, (1999), pp. 23–37Suche in Google Scholar

29 L.Bertolini, P.Pedeferri: Laboratory and field experience on the use of stainless steel to improve durability of reinforced concrete, Corrosion Reviews20 (2002), No. 1–2, pp. 129–15210.1515/CORRREV.2002.20.1-2.129Suche in Google Scholar

30 B.S⊘rensen, P. B.Jensen, E.Maahn: The corrosion properties of stainless steel reinforcement, Corrosion of Reinforcement in Concrete, pp. 601–610, Elsevier, The Netherlands (1990)Suche in Google Scholar