Ballistic tests of lightweight hybrid composites for body armor
-
Cenk Yanen
Abstract
In the research for this contribution, the use of layered hybrid composites as materials for ballistic armor has been tested. As part of the study, ballistic tests of glass/aramid/carbon fiber laminated comp osite plates at different reinforcing angles, in various numbers and thicknesses were carried out and the results analyzed. Eight hybrid composite laminates, of various thicknesses 200 × 200 mm in size were produced by the hand lay-up method at angles of 0°, +/−45°. Plain and twill fabrics were used to analyze the ballistic performances at various fiber reinforcing angles. Ballistic tests were carried out at the Elazig Special Operation Branch Office, using a Beretta gun loaded with 9 mm FMJ (full metal jacket) bullets. These experiments with ballistic test equipment were conducted in accordance with international standards. During the ballistic experiments, the velocity and BFS (backface signature) was measured and evaluated. Test results suggest that five samples were successful according to NIJ 0101-06 standards. It was found that twill woven (TW) fabrics made for the study manifest a higher ballistic performance than plain-woven (PW) fabrics. UD (unidirectional), +/−45° UD fabrics were found to be more effective than 0° UD fabrics. The findings are indicative for the design of lightweight ballistic armor material.
References
1 A. R.Othman, M. H.Hassan: Effect of different construction designs of aramid fabric on the ballistic performances, Materials and Design44 (2013), pp. 407–41310.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.061Suche in Google Scholar
2 J. G.Carrillo, R. A.Gamboa, E. A.Flores-Johnson, P. I.Gonzalez-Chi: Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix, Polymer Testing31 (2012), No. 4, pp. 512–51910.1016/j.polymertesting.2012.02.010Suche in Google Scholar
3 S.Temiz: An Investigation about Ballistic Fabrics and Test Methods, Master Thesis, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Science, Engineering Faculty, Department of Textile Engineering, İzmir, Turkey (2005)Suche in Google Scholar
4 N.Nayak, A.Banerjee, A. L.Dutta: Ballistic performance of laminated composites against military impactors: experimental and numerical studies, Proc. of DYMAT – 9th Int. Conf. Mech. Phys. Behav. Mater under Dyn. Load., France (2009), pp. 1761–176610.1051/dymat/2009248Suche in Google Scholar
5 R. A. W.Mines, A. M.Roach, N.Jones: High-velocity behavior of polymer composite laminates, International Journal of Impact Engineering22 (1999), No. 6, pp. 561–58810.1016/S0734-743X(99)00019-6Suche in Google Scholar
6 K. S.Pandya, J. R.Pothnis, G.Ravikumar, N. K.Naik: Ballistic impact behavior of hybrid composites, Materials and Design44 (2013), pp. 128–13510.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.044Suche in Google Scholar
7 T. W.Shyr, Y. H.Pan: Impact resistance and damage characteristics of composite laminates, Composite Structures62 (2003), No. 2, pp. 193–20310.1016/S0263-8223(03)00114-4Suche in Google Scholar
8 R.Yahaya, S. M.Sapuan, M.Jawaid, Z.Leman, E. S.Zainudin: Measurement of ballistic impact properties of woven kenaf-aramid hybrid composites, Measurement77 (2016), pp. 335–34310.1016/j.measurement.2015.09.016Suche in Google Scholar
9 W. A.de Morais, S. N.Monteiro, J. R. M.d’Almeida: Effect of the laminate thickness on the composite strength to repeated low energy impacts, Composite Structures70 (2005), No. 2, pp. 223–22810.1016/j.compstruct.2004.08.024Suche in Google Scholar
10 C.Atas, B. M.Icten, M.Kucuk: Thickness effect on repeated impact response of woven fabric composite plates, Composite Part B: Engineering49 (2013), pp. 80–8510.1016/j.compositesb.2013.01.019Suche in Google Scholar
11 R. C.Laible, M. R.Denommee: Laminates for ballistic protection, National Technical Information Service U. S. Department of Commerce (1975), pp. 1–910.21236/ADA008020Suche in Google Scholar
12 R. A.Prosser: Penetration of nylon ballistic panels by fragment simulating projectiles. Part I: A linear approximation to the relationship between the V50 or Vc striking velocity and the number of layer of cloth in the ballistic panel, Textile Research Journal58 (1988), No. 2, pp. 61–8510.1177/004051758805800201Suche in Google Scholar
13 J. E.Field, Q.Sun: High-speed photographic study of the impact on fibers and woven fabrics, Peter W. W.Fuller (Eds.): Proc. of the 19th International Congress on High-Speed Photograph and Photonics, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Cambridge, United Kingdom (1991) 10.1117/12.23993Suche in Google Scholar
14 D. L.Starratt: An Instrumented Experimental Study of the Ballistic Response of Textile Materials, MSc Thesis, University of British Columbia, Applied Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering, Vancouver, Canada (1998) 10.14288/1.0078506Suche in Google Scholar
15 S.Min, X.Chen, Y.Chai, T.Lowe: Effect of reinforcement continuity on the ballistic performance of composites reinforced with multiple plain weave fabric, Composites Part B90 (2016), pp. 30–3610.1016/j.compositesb.2015.12.001Suche in Google Scholar
16 P.Kedzierski, R.Gieleta, A.Morka, T.Niezgoda, Z.Surma: Experimental study of hybrid soft ballistic structures, Composites Structures153 (2016), pp. 204–21110.1016/j.compstruct.2016.06.006Suche in Google Scholar
17 E. E.Haro, A. G.Odeshi, J. A.Szpunar: The energy absorption behavior of hybrid composite laminates containing nano-fillers under ballistic impact, International Journal of Impact Engineering96 (2016), pp. 11–2210.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.05.012Suche in Google Scholar
18 R.Munoz, F.Martinez-Hergueta, F.Galvez, C.Gonzalez, J.Llorca: Ballistic performance of hybrid 3D woven composites: Experiment and simulations, Composite Structure127 (2015), pp. 141–15110.1016/j.compstruct.2015.03.021Suche in Google Scholar
19 C.Yanen, M. Y.Solmaz: Production and experimental investigation of ballistic performance of laminated hybrid composites, Fourth International Conference on Advances in Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, Italy, (2016), pp. 32–3610.15224/978-1-63248-102-3-46Suche in Google Scholar
20 C.Yanen, M. Y.Solmaz: Investigation of ballistic performance of laminated hybrid composites, IgorZolotarev, VojtěchRadolf (Eds.): Proc. of the 22nd International Conference on Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Svratka, Czech Republic (2016), pp. 590–593Suche in Google Scholar
21 NIJ Standard 0101.06: Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armor, US Department of Justice, USA (2018).Suche in Google Scholar
© 2019, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
- Thermal-fatigue resistant work rolls for hot rolling mills
- Investigation of fused deposition modeling processing parameters of 3D PLA specimens by an experimental design methodology
- Strength and hardness of post-weld heat-treated thick section 7075 Al alloy friction stir welds
- Experimental and numerical study on the thermoforming process of amorphous thermoplastic polymers
- Ballistic tests of lightweight hybrid composites for body armor
- Stiffness degradation of GFRP pipes under fatigue loading
- Effect of heat treatment on the wear behavior of GX200Cr13Ni6WMoMn
- Influence of natural aging on the mechanical properties of high pressure die casting (HPDC) EN AC 46000-AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Al alloy
- Effect of rolling temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6201 Al alloy
- Performance test to evaluate the corrosion resistance of stainless steel in concrete
- Effect of support plates on the micro-drilled hole form quality in CFRP laminates
- Uncertainty analysis of milling parameters using Monte Carlo simulation, the Taguchi optimization method and data-driven modeling
- Strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings with soft story irregularity
- Determination of the hardening depth by using inversely determined micro-magnetic characteristics
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
- Thermal-fatigue resistant work rolls for hot rolling mills
- Investigation of fused deposition modeling processing parameters of 3D PLA specimens by an experimental design methodology
- Strength and hardness of post-weld heat-treated thick section 7075 Al alloy friction stir welds
- Experimental and numerical study on the thermoforming process of amorphous thermoplastic polymers
- Ballistic tests of lightweight hybrid composites for body armor
- Stiffness degradation of GFRP pipes under fatigue loading
- Effect of heat treatment on the wear behavior of GX200Cr13Ni6WMoMn
- Influence of natural aging on the mechanical properties of high pressure die casting (HPDC) EN AC 46000-AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Al alloy
- Effect of rolling temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6201 Al alloy
- Performance test to evaluate the corrosion resistance of stainless steel in concrete
- Effect of support plates on the micro-drilled hole form quality in CFRP laminates
- Uncertainty analysis of milling parameters using Monte Carlo simulation, the Taguchi optimization method and data-driven modeling
- Strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings with soft story irregularity
- Determination of the hardening depth by using inversely determined micro-magnetic characteristics