Effect of laser welding speed on the weld quality of a 5A06 aluminum alloy
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Xiaoli Ma
Abstract
Laser butt welding was carried out for the joining of 5A06 aluminum alloy sheet by using 6 KW fiber laser. The effect of welding speed on the surface morphology, microstructure, micro-hardness, tensile strength and porosity were studied by means of optical microscopy (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), a Vickers hardness tester and a universal mechanical tensile test. The results show that the weld macro morphology tends to be smooth and the surface defects are reduced with an increase in welding speed. The heat-affected zone was very small due to the large cooling rate. The columnar dendrites grow from the fusion line along the direction of the temperature gradient. The microstructure of the weld zone was in the form of equiaxed grains. The micro-hardness of the weld was lower than that of the base material. The micro-hardness and the tensile strength were gradually increased with an increase in welding speed. When the welding speed is 12 mm × s−1, the micro-hardness and the tensile strength were increased to 96.5 % and 56.2 % of the base mental, respectively. The porosity ratio decreased at first, and then increased with the increase in welding speed. The lowest porosity ratio was 1.99 % when the welding speed was 12 mm × s−1. In summary, the quality of the weld was better when the welding speed was 12 mm × s−1.
Kurzfassung
Für den vorliegenden Beitrag wurden Schweißungen einer Aluminiumlegierung 5A06 mit einem 6 kW Faserlaser in Wannenlage ausgeführt. Die Auswirkung der Schweißgeschwindigkeit auf die Oberflächenmorphologie, die Mikrostruktur, die Mikrohärte, die Zugfestigkeit und die Porenbildung wurden mittels Lichtmikroskopie (Optical Microscopy – OM), Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (Scanning Electron Microscopy – SEM) energiedispersiver Spektroskopie (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy – EDS) eines Vickers-Härteprüfgerät und einer Universalzugprüfmaschine untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Oberflächenmorphologie eine glattere Tendenz aufweist und dass die Oberflächendefekte abnehmen, wenn die Schweißgeschwindigkeit erhöht wird. Die Wärmeeinflusszone (heat affected zone – HAZ) war aufgrund der hohen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit sehr schmal. Die Dendriten wachsen im Schweißgut ausgehend von der Schmelzlinie in Richtung des Temperaturgradienten. Die Mikrostruktur der Schweißverbindung wies gleichachsige Körner auf. Die Mikrohärte der Schweißverbindung lag unter der des Grundwerkstoffes. Mit zunehmender Schweißgeschwindigkeit stiegen die Mikrohärte und die Zugfestigkeit graduell an. Bei einer Schweißgeschwindigkeit von 12 mm × s−1 wurden die Mikrohärte und die Zugfestigkeit auf 96.5 % und 56.2 % entsprechend gegenüber dem Grundwerkstoff erhöht. Die Porösität nahm zunächst ab, dann aber mit weiterer Erhöhung der Schweißgeschwindigkeit zu. Die niedrigste Porenbildung ergab sich mit 1.99 %, als die Schweißgeschwindigkeit 12 mm × s−1 betrug. Zusammenfassend ergab sich, dass die Schweißnahtqualität besser war, wenn die Schweißgeschwindigkeit 12 mm × s−1 betrug.
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© 2018, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Inhalt/Contents
- Contents
- Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
- Bending deformation and indentation hardness of electrochemically deposited nanocrystalline nickel-iron alloys
- Al-Si piston alloy behavior under combined mechanical and thermal cyclic loading with superimposed high-frequency thermal cycling
- Porosity of LMD manufactured parts analyzed by Archimedes method and CT
- Structure and mechanical properties of ADC 12 Al foam-polymer interpenetrating phase composites with epoxy resin or silicone
- Strength changes of 40 Cr steel subjected to cyclic torsion below the fatigue limit
- Auxetic aluminum sheets in lightweight structures
- Effect of thickness on the fracture toughness of high strength steel for gas well casings
- Effect of laser welding speed on the weld quality of a 5A06 aluminum alloy
- Correlation of ultrasound velocity with physico-mechanical properties of Jodhpur sandstone
- Etching behavior of ZnO:Ga thin films
- Repair of an aluminum plate with an elliptical hole using a composite patch
- Impression creep behavior of extruded ZK60 and ZK60+1 %Y magnesium alloys
- Experimental study for the bearing capacity calculation of concrete expanded plates in squeezed branch piles
- Mechanical properties and microstructure of autoclaved green UHPC blended with granite stone powders
- Mechanical properties and microstructure of glass carbon hybrid composites
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Inhalt/Contents
- Contents
- Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
- Bending deformation and indentation hardness of electrochemically deposited nanocrystalline nickel-iron alloys
- Al-Si piston alloy behavior under combined mechanical and thermal cyclic loading with superimposed high-frequency thermal cycling
- Porosity of LMD manufactured parts analyzed by Archimedes method and CT
- Structure and mechanical properties of ADC 12 Al foam-polymer interpenetrating phase composites with epoxy resin or silicone
- Strength changes of 40 Cr steel subjected to cyclic torsion below the fatigue limit
- Auxetic aluminum sheets in lightweight structures
- Effect of thickness on the fracture toughness of high strength steel for gas well casings
- Effect of laser welding speed on the weld quality of a 5A06 aluminum alloy
- Correlation of ultrasound velocity with physico-mechanical properties of Jodhpur sandstone
- Etching behavior of ZnO:Ga thin films
- Repair of an aluminum plate with an elliptical hole using a composite patch
- Impression creep behavior of extruded ZK60 and ZK60+1 %Y magnesium alloys
- Experimental study for the bearing capacity calculation of concrete expanded plates in squeezed branch piles
- Mechanical properties and microstructure of autoclaved green UHPC blended with granite stone powders
- Mechanical properties and microstructure of glass carbon hybrid composites