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Properties and Behaviour of an Orthopedic Implant

  • Doina Drǎgulescu + , Camelia Demian , Lucian Rusu , Aurel Rǎduţǎ , Mihaela Pepescu , Laurenţiu Roland Cucuruz , Radu Prejbeanu and Ioan Vida Simiti
Published/Copyright: May 28, 2013
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Abstract

The aim of the paper is to analyze a very common orthopedic implant fractured during its use and removed from the human body. The implant was analyzed by using optical and electronical metallography. The results of this study revealed the existence of nonmetallic inclusions which could promote the fracture initiation. The microstructural aspect indicates significant plastic deformations near the holes and the presence in the same places of crevice corrosion. In order to develop new types of plate implants, a Finite Element Analysis was performed on a similar plate. The optimal conditions for fixture were established by studying the stresses and strains distributions in the modeled plate. The three dimensional design of the surgical implants and the mechanical behaviour simulation under the external load will be useful to avoid the implant fracture and to better solve any problem concerning long bones implantation.

Kurzfassung

Das Ziel der im vorliegenden Beitrag dargesetllten Untersuchungen war es, ein sehr häufiges orthopädisches Implantat zu untersuchen, das während des Einsatz brach und anschließend aus dem menschlichen Körper entfernt werden musste. Das Implantat war in einem gebrochenen Oberschenkelknochen eingesetzt und wurde anschließend mittels optischer und elektronischer Mikroskopie analysiert. Als Ergebnis dieser Untersuchungen stellte sich heraus, dass nichtmetallische Einschlüsse in dem Werkstoff enthalten waren, die den Bruch ausgelöst haben konnten. Die mikrostrukturelle Untersuchung zeigte signifikante plastische Deformationen in der Nähe der Löcher und an denselben Stellen trat Lochkorrosion auf. Um neue Typen solcher Plattenimplantate entwickeln zu können, wurde eine Finite Elemente Analyse an einer ähnlichen Platte durchgeführt. Hierzu wurden die optimalen Fixierungsbedingungen untersucht, indem die in der modellierten Platte auftretenden Spannungs- und Dehnungsverteilungen analysiert wurden. Das so optimierte Design der dreidimensionalen chirurgischen Implantate und die Simulation des mechanischen Verhaltens unter externer Beanspruchung wird sich als nützlich erweisen, den Bruch zukünftig zu vermeiden und die Schwierigkeiten mit Implantaten in langen Knochen besser lösen zu können.


Doina Dragulescu+, born 1945, graduated from ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara in 1967 and since 1973 she was Doctor Engineer in Mechanical Engineering – Welding field. She starts her didactic career in 1968 at ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara, Faculty of Mechanics. Her fields of interest included biomechanics, implantology, robots motion planning, vibrations, welding behavior of steels.

Camelia Demian was born in 1977. She graduated from ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara in 2003 and has a master degree in expertise and diagnoses in the field of engineering and sustains the PhD theses in the field of biomaterials in 2007. She is assistant at Faculty of Mechanics, Department of Mechanics and Vibrations, ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara. Her fields of interest include material science, biomaterials, optical and electronically microscopy, image processing and acquisition and finite elements analysis.

Aurel Raduta was born in 1957. In 1982 he graduated from ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara and since 1997 he is Doctor Engineer in Materials Science. Since 1984 he begins working at ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara as assistant at Department of Material Science and Heat Treatments (Materials Engineering and Welding). Since 1999 he is assistant professor at the same Department. His fields of interest include material science, plastic deformation, advanced materials, biomaterials, optical and electronically microscopy, image processing and acquisition and finite elements analysis.

Ioan Vida Simiti was born in 1949. He graduated from Technical University of Cluj-Napoca in1972 and since 1995 he is Doctor Engineer in Materials Science. Since 1980 he begins working as researcher at the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca. Since 1982 he is professor at Department of Materials Science and Technology at Technical University of Cluj-Napoca. His fields of interest include material science, casting technologies, powder metallurgy, electronically microscopy and X ray diffraction and advanced materials, especially composites materials, biomaterials.

Mihaela Popescu was born in 1955. In 1978 she graduated from ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara and since 2001 she is Doctor Engineer in Mechanical Engineering. Since 2001 she begins working at ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara as assistant professor at Department of Welding Equipment and Technologies (Materials Engineering and Welding). Her fields of interest include welding of advanced materials, advanced materials coating, electronically microscopy, welding reconditioning of materials and biomaterials.

Lucian Rusu was born in 1978. In 2002 he graduated from ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara and since 2006 he is Doctor Engineer in Mechanical Engineering. Since 2006 he begins working at ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara as assistant at Faculty of Mechanics, Department of Mechanics and Vibrations. His fields of interest include biomechanics, implantology, robotics, imagistics, CAD, CAM, FEM.

Radu Prejbeanu was born in 1971. He graduated from University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara in 1995. He starts the residency program in orthopedic surgery in 1996 and he was graduated in 2000. From 1999 he was employed in University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara as assistant. He obtained PhD degree in 2005 in the field of Medical Science. His fields if interests include joint replacement, spine, sport medicine and biomaterials.

Laurentiu Roland Cucuruz was born in 1949. In 1972 he graduated from ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara and since 1986 he is Doctor Engineer in Physical Metallurgy. Since 1977 he begins working as assistant at the Department of Material Science and Heat Treatments (Materials Engineering and Welding), Faculty of Mechanics at ‟Politehnica” University of Timişoara. Since 1998 he is professor for material science, casting technologies, nonferrous materials. His fields of interests include advanced materials, especially copper and aluminum alloys, biomaterials.


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Published Online: 2013-05-28
Published in Print: 2008-05-01

© 2008, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

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