One-step synthesis of solid sulfonic acid catalyst and its application in the acetalization of glycerol: crystal structure of cis-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane trimer
-
Farook Adam
,
Muazu Batagarawa
Abstract
A one-pot method was employed to immobilize sulfonic acid onto silica obtained from rice husk ash using 3-(mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane to form a solid catalyst denoted as RHASO3H. BET measurements of the catalyst showed the surface area to be 340 m2 g−1 with the average pore volume of 0.24 mL g−1 and the pore diameter of 2.9 nm. Acidity test of cation exchange capacity and pyridine adsorption studies revealed the presence of Brønsted acid sites on the catalyst surface. The catalyst was used in the acetalization reaction of glycerol with benzaldehyde. Under optimized conditions, the reaction showed the maximum conversion of 78 % after 8 h with 67 % selectivity towards the five membered ring isomer. Variation in the glycerol concentration had a significant effect on the reactants conversion. A single crystal X-ray study of one of the products proved the existence of a unique trimer formed by hydrogen bonding by the six-membered cis-isomer. The catalyst was several times recycled without any loss of its catalytic activity.
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© 2012 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences
Articles in the same Issue
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Articles in the same Issue
- Immobilization in biotechnology and biorecognition: from macro- to nanoscale systems
- Bond-graph description and simulation of membrane processes: Permeation in a compartmental membrane system
- Design simulations for a biogas purification process using aqueous amine solutions
- Experimental and numerical investigation of pressure drop coefficient and static pressure difference in a tangential inlet cyclone separator
- Trace elements in Variegated Bolete (Suillus variegatus) fungi
- N,N′-methylenedipyridinium Pt(II) and Pt(IV) hybrid salts: synthesis, crystal and molecular structures of [(C5H5N)2CH2] · [PtCl4] and [(C5H5N)2CH2] · [PtCl6]
- Formation of membranes based on polyacrylonitrile and butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer in the presence of copper ions
- One-step synthesis of solid sulfonic acid catalyst and its application in the acetalization of glycerol: crystal structure of cis-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane trimer
- Mechanistic insights into the reaction of CF3CCl3 with SO3: Theory and experiment
- Near-infrared imaging for quantitative analysis of active component in counterfeit dimethomorph using partial least squares regression
- Corrosion of titanium diboride in molten FLiNaK(eut)
- Domino synthesis of novel series of 4-substituted 5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazolidin-3-one derivatives
- Erratum to: “Nguyen Hoang Loc, Nguyen Thanh Giang: Effects of elicitors on the enhancement of asiaticoside biosynthesis in cell cultures of centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban)”, Chemical Papers 66 (7) 642–648 (2012)
