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Use of a diazocoupling reaction for sensitive and selective spectrophotometeric determination of furosemide in spiked human urine and pharmaceuticals

  • Kalsang Tharpa EMAIL logo , Kanakapura Basavaiah and Kanakapura Vinay
Published/Copyright: May 6, 2010
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Chemical Papers
From the journal Chemical Papers Volume 64 Issue 4

Abstract

Two simple, sensitive, and selective spectrophotometric methods for the determination of 5-(aminosulfonyl)-4-chloro-2-((2-furanylmethyl)amino)benzoic acid (furosemide, FUR) are described. The methods are based on acid hydrolysis of FUR to free primary aromatic amine and diazotization followed by coupling with N-1-napthylethylene diamine (NEDA) (method A) or 4,5-dihydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid (chromotropic acid, CTA) (method B). The colored reaction product can be measured spectrophotometrically at 520 nm (method A) or 500 nm (method B). Beer’s law is obeyed over the ranges of 1.75–21.0 μg mL−1 and 2.5–30.0 μg mL−1, for method A and method B, respectively. Apparent molar absorptivities and Sandell’s sensitivities (in L mol−1 cm−1 and μg cm−2 per 0.001 absorbance unit, respectively) were 1.34 × 104 and 0.0253 using NEDA as the coupling agent, and 8.5 × 103 and 0.0389 using CTA for the same purpose. Analysis of solutions containing seven different concentrations of FUR gave a correlation coefficient of 0.9979 using NEDA and 0.9984 using CTA, while the slope and the correlation coefficient of the regression equation were calculated. The reaction stoichiometry in both methods was evaluated by the limiting logarithmic method and was found to be 1: 1 (diazotized FUR: NEDA or diazotized FUR: CTA). The methods were successfully applied to the determination of FUR in spiked human urine and in pharmaceutical formulations. The recovery of FUR from spiked urine was satisfactory resulting in the values of (109.4 ± 4.37) % using NEDA and (113.0 ± 4.74) % using CTA. Results of the analysis of pharmaceuticals demonstrated that the proposed procedures are at least as accurate and precise as the official method while a statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference between the results obtained by the proposed methods and those of the official method.

Keywords: diazotization; spiked human urine; pharmaceuticals; spectrophotometry

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Published Online: 2010-5-6
Published in Print: 2010-8-1

© 2010 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Multi-elemental analysis of marine sediment reference material MESS-3: one-step microwave digestion and determination by high resolution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS)
  2. Use of a diazocoupling reaction for sensitive and selective spectrophotometeric determination of furosemide in spiked human urine and pharmaceuticals
  3. Flow injection spectrofluorimetric determination of iron(III) in water using salicylic acid
  4. Liquid chromatographic determination of meloxicam in serum after solid phase extraction
  5. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and tyrosinase inhibition activities of acetone extract of Ascophyllum nodosum
  6. Preparation and properties of surfactant-bacillolysin ion-pair in organic solvents
  7. Comparative evaluation of critical operating conditions for a tubular catalytic reactor using thermal sensitivity and loss-of-stability criteria
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  9. Activity and regenerability of dealuminated zeolite Y in liquid phase alkylation of benzene with 1-alkene
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  11. In vitro bioactivity and crystallization behavior of bioactive glass in the system SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-P2O5-Na2O-MgO-CaF2
  12. Synthesis of brushite nanoparticles at different temperatures
  13. Synthesis of 1-phenylbut-3-ene-1,2-dione and its attempted radical polymerization
  14. Vibrational spectroscopic and conformational studies of 1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine
  15. Theoretical binding affinities and spectra of complexes formed by a cyclic β-peptoid with amino acids
  16. Visual spectroscopy detection of triclosan
  17. Euphorbia antisyphilitica residues as a new source of ellagic acid
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https://doi.org/10.2478/s11696-010-0027-5
Keywords for this article
diazotization; spiked human urine; pharmaceuticals; spectrophotometry

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Multi-elemental analysis of marine sediment reference material MESS-3: one-step microwave digestion and determination by high resolution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS)
  2. Use of a diazocoupling reaction for sensitive and selective spectrophotometeric determination of furosemide in spiked human urine and pharmaceuticals
  3. Flow injection spectrofluorimetric determination of iron(III) in water using salicylic acid
  4. Liquid chromatographic determination of meloxicam in serum after solid phase extraction
  5. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and tyrosinase inhibition activities of acetone extract of Ascophyllum nodosum
  6. Preparation and properties of surfactant-bacillolysin ion-pair in organic solvents
  7. Comparative evaluation of critical operating conditions for a tubular catalytic reactor using thermal sensitivity and loss-of-stability criteria
  8. Impact of ionic strength on adsorption capacity of chromatographic particles employed in separation of monoclonal antibodies
  9. Activity and regenerability of dealuminated zeolite Y in liquid phase alkylation of benzene with 1-alkene
  10. Polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale L. tree gum (Policaju) as a coating for Tommy Atkins mangoes
  11. In vitro bioactivity and crystallization behavior of bioactive glass in the system SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-P2O5-Na2O-MgO-CaF2
  12. Synthesis of brushite nanoparticles at different temperatures
  13. Synthesis of 1-phenylbut-3-ene-1,2-dione and its attempted radical polymerization
  14. Vibrational spectroscopic and conformational studies of 1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine
  15. Theoretical binding affinities and spectra of complexes formed by a cyclic β-peptoid with amino acids
  16. Visual spectroscopy detection of triclosan
  17. Euphorbia antisyphilitica residues as a new source of ellagic acid
  18. A novel, stereoselective and practical protocol for the synthesis of 4β-aminopodophyllotoxins
  19. A novel method for N-alkylation of aliphatic amines with ethers over γ-Al2O3
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