Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Some Fruits
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Dhan Prakash
Abstract
Phenols, a major group of antioxidant phytochemicals, have profound importance due to their biological and free radical scavenging activities. To identify their potential sources extracts of some fruits and their different parts were studied for total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant (AOA) and free radical scavenging activities (FRSA). The amount of TPC varied from 10.5 (Carissa carandus, fruit peel) to 343.2 mg/g (Caesalpinia Mexicana, fruits) and AOA from 20.3% (Musa paradisiacal, fruits) to 96.7% (Caesalpinia Mexicana, fruits). Fruits of Caesalpinia Mexicana, Acacia auriculiformis, fruit pericarp green fibres of Cocus nucifera, and fruits of Emblica officinalis were found to have high TPC (73.1-343.2 mg/g) and high AOA (68.5-96.7%). Promising fruits were studied for their FRSA and reducing power (RP) measured by DPPH assay where the fruits of Caesalpinia mexicana, fruit pericarp fibres of Cocus nucifera, fruits of Emblica officinalis showed very low IC50 ranging from 0.009 to 0.016 mg/ml, EC50 from 0.39 to 0.70 mg/mg DPPH and reasonably high values (142.1-256.3) of anti radical power (ARP), indicating their strong FRSA and reducing power (RP) as evident by their low ASE/ml values (0.42-1.08). They also showed better inhibition of lipid peroxidation measured by using ferric thiocyanate assay and by using egg yolk compared to the reference standard quercetin. The ferrous and ferric ion chelating capacity of the promising fruits and their underutilized parts in terms of IC50 varied from 0.12 (Emblica officinalis, fruits) to 2.44 mg/ml (Mangifera indica, Seed kernel) and 0.22 (Caesalpinia Mexicana, fruits) to 2.59 mg/ml (Litchi chinensis, fruit peel) respectively. Fruit pulp, peel and seeds of Litchi chinensis with reasonable amount of phenols (48.3, 43.9, 50.1 mg/ml) showed low ARP (23.5, 38.3, 33.8) and ASE/ml (3.13, 2.18, 2.62) respectively in contrast to Aegle marmelos with comparatively lower phenols (35.1 mg/g) exhibited good ARP (57.4) and RP (1.67 ASE/ml). Extracts (20 µg/ml) of fruits of Acacia auriculiformis, Caesalpinia Mexicana, Emblica officinalis, fruit pericarp fibres of Cocus nucifera, were found effective in protecting plasmid DNA nicking induced by Fenton’s reagent generated hydroxyl radicals. They were further assayed for their specific phenolic composition through HPLC and MS/MS where the amount of caffeic acid varied from 48.5 to 2231 µg/g, chlorogenic acid 63.8 to 912.1 µg/g, ellagic acid 46.4 to 1429.1 µg/g, ferulic acid 36.7 to 762.9 µg/g, gallic acid 181.6 to 2831.6 µg/g, protocatechuic acid 41.7 to 322.8 µg/g, and quercetin 44.6 to 367.6 µg/g.
©2011 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- Research Article
- Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic and Antioxidant Effect of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts
- Two Case Reports on the Use of Genistein Combined Polysaccharide (GCP) Against Bladder Cancer Recurrence
- Herbal Tonic Does Not Inhibit Estrogen Receptor Negative Mammary Tumor Development in a Transgenic Mouse Model
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- Effects of Panax Notoginseng (Chinese Ginseng) and Acute Exercise on Postprandial Glycemia in Non-diabetic Adults
- Combination Treatment of People with Multiple Sclerosis based on Collaboration between Conventional Healthcare Providers and Alternative Practitioners--Patient Perspectives on Outcomes
- Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Hypoglycemic Effect of Fructooligosaccharides from Psacalium decompositum
- Oxygen Bar Effectiveness: A Randomized Quantitative Study
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- Syzygium cumini Seed Extract Protects the Liver Against Lipid Peroxidation with Concurrent Amelioration of Hepatic Enzymes and Lipid Profile of Alcoholic Rats
- Impact of Mind Body Therapies on Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Implications for Cardiovacular Disease Management
- Hepatoprotective Effects and Antioxidant Role of Scutia myrtina on Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
- Extract of Valerian Root (Valeriana Officinalis L.) vs. Placebo in Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Double-Blind Study
- CAM in Canadian Hospitals: The New Frontier?
- Evaluation of Hypoglycemic Activity and Toxicity Profiles of the Leaves of Ficus deltoidea in Rodents
- Potent Hypoglycemic Effect of Nigerian Anti-Diabetic Medicinal Plants
- In vitro (α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibition) and in vivo Antidiabetic Property of Phytic Acid (IP6) in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) in Rats
- Antihypertensive and Vasorelaxant Effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Stem Bark Aqueous Extract in Rats
- Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae)
- Studies on the Antiulcer and Gastrointestinal Effects of Stem Bark Extract of Bridelia ferruginea
- Study of Antiobesity Effects of Ethanolic and Water Extracts of Grapes Seeds
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- Effect of Chloroform and Aqueous Basic Fraction of Ethanolic Extract from Apium graveolens l. In Experimentally-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats
- Antihyperglycaemic And Renoprotective Effect of Boerhaavia diffusa L. in Experimental Diabetic Rats
- Effect of Wrightia tinctoria and Parthenocissus quinquefolia on blood glucose and Insulin levels in the Zucker Diabetic Rat Model
- Antioxidant Activity of Combined Ethanolic Extract of Eclipta alba and Piper longum Linn
- Pharmacological Study of the Effect of Licorice Alone and in Combination with Diclofenac Sodium on Hepatotoxicity-induced Experimentally in Rats.
