Home Physical Sciences Wenjiite, Ti10(Si,P,◻)7, and kangjinlaite, Ti11(Si,P)10, new minerals in the ternary Ti-P-Si system from the Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China
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Wenjiite, Ti10(Si,P,)7, and kangjinlaite, Ti11(Si,P)10, new minerals in the ternary Ti-P-Si system from the Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China

  • Fahui Xiong ORCID logo , Xiangzhen Xu , Enrico Mugnaioli , Mauro Gemmi , Richard Wirth , Jingsui Yang and Edward S. Grew
Published/Copyright: January 3, 2023
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Abstract

The new minerals wenjiite, Ti10(Si,P,◻)7 (IMA2019-107c) and kangjinlaite, Ti11(Si,P)10 (IMA2019-112b) occur with badengzhuite, zhiqinite, and a K-bearing dmisteinbergite-like mineral in a spheroid 20 μm across enclosed in corundum from the Cr-11 podiform chromitite orebody near the Kangjinla, Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China. In addition, wenjiite occurs with deltalumite, jingsuiite, osbornitekhambaraevite, and the K-bearing dmisteinbergite-like mineral in a lamellar intergrowth 100 μm long, also enclosed in corundum from the same locality. The new minerals were characterized by energy-dispersive spectroscopy and three-dimensional electron diffraction, which enabled us to obtain an ab initio structure solution and dynamical refinement from grains a few micrometers across hosted in a FIB lamella. Four analyses of wenjiite from the spheroid gave in wt% Si 21.67, P 6.24, Ti 66.39, V 1.37, Cr 2.20, Mn 0.97, and Fe 1.17 (normalized to 100), which corresponds to (Ti0.93Cr0.03Mn0.01Fe0.01V0.02)10 (Si0.79P0.21)6.51 on the basis of 10 cations excluding Si and P. The simplified formula is Ti10(Si,P)6.5, or more generally Ti10SixPy, where x > y and 6 ≤ (x + y) ≤ 7, i.e., Ti10(Si,P,◻)7. Wenjiite has hexagonal symmetry, space group: P63/mcm (no. 193), with a = 7.30(10) Å, c = 5.09(10) Å, V = 235(6) Å3, Z = 1, and is isostructural with xifengite, mavlyanovite, synthetic Ti5Si3, and synthetic Ti5P3.15. Four analyses of kangjinlaite gave in wt% Si 25.56, P 9.68, Ti 62.35, V 0.21, Cr 0.83, Mn 0.42, and Fe 0.95 (normalized to 100), which corresponds to (Ti10.65V0.03Cr0.13Mn0.06Fe0.14)Σ11.01(Si7.43P2.55)Σ9.99. The simplified formula is Ti11(Si,P)10. Kangjinlaite is tetragonal, with space group: I4/mmm (no. 139), a = 9.4(2) Å, c = 13.5(3) Å, V = 1210(50) Å3, Z = 4, and is isostructural with synthetic compounds of the Ho11Ge10 type, being the most compact of these phases. Despite there now being over 70 compounds containing 38 elements isostructural with Ho11Ge10, synthesis of an analog of kangjinlaite has not been previously reported in either the Ti-P or Ti-Si binary systems or in a multicomponent system. The previously deduced crystallization sequence with decreasing temperature of the four minerals in the spheroid is wenjiite → kangjinlaite → zhiqinite + badengzhuite. This sequence is consistent with relationships reported in 9 binary systems containing intermetallic compounds of Ge and Sn isostructural with Mn5Si3 and Ho11Ge10. In eight of these systems the Mn5Si3 analog melts congruently, whereas the Ho11Ge10 analog never does. Instead, the Ho11Ge10 analog melts peritectically, generally to an Mn5Si3 analog and less commonly to compounds with 5:4 stoichiometry. Final crystallization of the spheroid to zhiqinite + badengzhuite is expected to be well below the temperature of 1500 °C for the congruent melting of zhiqinite in the Ti-Si system, i.e., in the range of ~1100–1300 °C.

Acknowledgments and Funding

We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive and detailed comments on the manuscript. This research was co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC; Project No. 41720104009, 92062215, 42172069, 41672046), Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (No. 2019QZKK0801), Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (No. GML2019ZD0201), the Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Fund (No. J1901-28), and the China Geological Survey (CGS; Project No. DD20190060). Enrico Mugnaioli and Mauro Gemmi acknowledge the Regione Toscana for funding the purchase of the ASI Timepix detector through the FELIX project (Por CREO FESR 2014–2020 action).

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Received: 2021-07-24
Accepted: 2021-12-22
Published Online: 2023-01-03
Published in Print: 2023-01-27

© 2023 Mineralogical Society of America

Articles in the same Issue

  1. MSA Review
  2. Nickel in olivine as an exploration indicator for magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits: A data review and re-evaluation
  3. Repeat, fast, and high-resolution mapping of fine-scale trace element distribution in pyrite and marcasite by LA-Q-ICP-MS with the Aerosol Rapid Introduction System (ARIS)
  4. Continuous Be mineralization from two-mica granite to pegmatite: Critical element enrichment processes in a Himalayan leucogranite pluton
  5. An evolutionary system of mineralogy, Part VI: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust (>4370 Ma)
  6. Oxidation or cation re-arrangement? Distinct behavior of riebeckite at high temperature
  7. Fe3+/FeT ratios of amphiboles determined by high spatial resolution single-crystal synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy
  8. How clay delamination supports aseismic slip
  9. The influence of Al2O3 on the structural properties of MgSiO3 akimotoite
  10. Atomistic insight into the ferroelastic post-stishovite transition by high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction
  11. Epidote as a conveyor of water into the Earth’s deep mantle in subduction zones: Insights from coupled high-pressure and high-temperature experiments
  12. Potential link between antigorite dehydration and shallow intermediate-depth earthquakes in hot subduction zones
  13. Stability of Fe5O6 and its relation to other Fe-Mg-oxides at high pressures and temperatures
  14. From schwertmannite to natrojarosite: Long-term stability and kinetic approach
  15. Trace element and isotopic (S, Pb) constraints on the formation of the giant Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit, NE China
  16. Textural and chemical evolution of magnetite from the Paleozoic Shuanglong Fe-Cu deposit: Implications for tracing ore-forming fluids
  17. Jingwenite-(Y) from the Yushui Cu deposit, South China: The first occurrence of a V-HREE-bearing silicate mineral
  18. Wenjiite, Ti10(Si,P,)7, and kangjinlaite, Ti11(Si,P)10, new minerals in the ternary Ti-P-Si system from the Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet, China
  19. Evaluating the physicochemical conditions for gold occurrences in pyrite
  20. Letter
  21. Synthesis and structural analysis of CaFe2O4-type single crystals in the NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4-Fe3O4 system
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