Characteristics and formation of corundum within syenite in the Yushishan rare metal deposits in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
Abstract
Corundum is rarely found in situ within alkali syenites. A corundum-bearing syenite was found in the Yushishan rare metal deposits of the eastern section of the Altyn Tagh fault in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, but the characteristics and formation of corundum remain unknown. We describe a corundum-bearing syenite dike emplaced in biotite plagioclase gneiss that suffered overprinted deformation with characteristics of mylonitization. The corundum crystals have variable grain sizes, and the largest ones are megacrystic with growth zoning. The corundum crystals contain a variety of mineral inclusions that are divided into primary and secondary. The primary mineral inclusions within the corundum include variable contents of Fe-Ti oxide needles, ilmenite, zircon, monazite-(Ce), potassium feldspar, pyrochlore, columbite-(Fe), magnetite, samarskite-(Y), and pyrite that indicate corundum crystallized in peraluminous Zr-rich and Si-poor alkali rock with variable TiO2 contents. Secondary mineral inclusions include Zn-rich hercynite, ilmenite, magnetite, annite, fluorapatite, and intergrowths of ilmenite with columbite-(Fe) and goethite that reveal late-stage influx of Zn-, Ti-, Fe-, and F-bearing fluids into corundum that caused metasomatism and element migration and mineral precipitation. The trace element analysis of corundum shows high-Fe and -Ga contents and low-Mg and -Cr contents that are consistent with the characteristics of corundum of magmatic origin. The trace element characteristics and the oxygen isotopes (6.2–8.2‰) results indicate that corundum crystallized in melts with the involvement of Al-rich and Si-poor crustal material.
Funding statement: This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant no. 2017YFC0602401), the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant no. 41972220), and the Excellent Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 41722207).
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Articles in the same Issue
- Oxidation of arcs and mantle wedges: It’s not all about iron and water
- Paragenesis of Li minerals in the Nanyangshan rare-metal pegmatite, Northern China: Toward a generalized sequence of Li crystallization in Li-Cs-Ta-type granitic pegmatites
- The new mineral tomiolloite, Al12(Te4+O3)5[(SO3)0.5(SO4)0.5](OH)24: A unique microporous tellurite structure
- Authigenic anatase nanoparticles as a proxy for sedimentary environment and porewater pH
- Color effects of Cu nanoparticles in Cu-bearing plagioclase feldspars
- Expanding the speciation of terrestrial molybdenum: Discovery of polekhovskyite, MoNiP2, and insights into the sources of Mo-phosphides in the Dead Sea Transform area
- Sound speed and refractive index of amorphous CaSiO3 upon pressure cycling to 40 GPa
- Calorimetric study of skutterudite (CoAs2.92) and heazlewoodite (Ni3S2)
- Melting phase equilibrium relations in the MgSiO3-SiO2 system under high pressures
- Effects of hydrostaticity and Mn-substitution on dolomite stability at high pressure
- Crystallization of bastnäsite and burbankite from carbonatite melt in the system La(CO3)F-CaCO3-Na2CO3 at 100 MPa
- Crystal shapes, triglyphs, and twins in minerals: The case of pyrite
- Nanostructure reveals REE mineral crystallization mechanisms in granites from a heavy REE deposit, South China
- Paratobermorite, Ca4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)·2H2O·(Ca·3H2O), a new tobermorite-supergroup mineral with a novel topological type of the microporous crystal structure
- Morphological and chemical characterization of secondary carbonates in the Toki granite, central Japan, and the evolution of fluid chemistry
- Characteristics and formation of corundum within syenite in the Yushishan rare metal deposits in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
- Hydrogen solubility in FeSi alloy phases at high pressures and temperatures
- First evidence of dmisteinbergite (CaAl2Si2O8 polymorph) in high-grade metamorphic rocks
- New Mineral Names
Articles in the same Issue
- Oxidation of arcs and mantle wedges: It’s not all about iron and water
- Paragenesis of Li minerals in the Nanyangshan rare-metal pegmatite, Northern China: Toward a generalized sequence of Li crystallization in Li-Cs-Ta-type granitic pegmatites
- The new mineral tomiolloite, Al12(Te4+O3)5[(SO3)0.5(SO4)0.5](OH)24: A unique microporous tellurite structure
- Authigenic anatase nanoparticles as a proxy for sedimentary environment and porewater pH
- Color effects of Cu nanoparticles in Cu-bearing plagioclase feldspars
- Expanding the speciation of terrestrial molybdenum: Discovery of polekhovskyite, MoNiP2, and insights into the sources of Mo-phosphides in the Dead Sea Transform area
- Sound speed and refractive index of amorphous CaSiO3 upon pressure cycling to 40 GPa
- Calorimetric study of skutterudite (CoAs2.92) and heazlewoodite (Ni3S2)
- Melting phase equilibrium relations in the MgSiO3-SiO2 system under high pressures
- Effects of hydrostaticity and Mn-substitution on dolomite stability at high pressure
- Crystallization of bastnäsite and burbankite from carbonatite melt in the system La(CO3)F-CaCO3-Na2CO3 at 100 MPa
- Crystal shapes, triglyphs, and twins in minerals: The case of pyrite
- Nanostructure reveals REE mineral crystallization mechanisms in granites from a heavy REE deposit, South China
- Paratobermorite, Ca4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)·2H2O·(Ca·3H2O), a new tobermorite-supergroup mineral with a novel topological type of the microporous crystal structure
- Morphological and chemical characterization of secondary carbonates in the Toki granite, central Japan, and the evolution of fluid chemistry
- Characteristics and formation of corundum within syenite in the Yushishan rare metal deposits in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
- Hydrogen solubility in FeSi alloy phases at high pressures and temperatures
- First evidence of dmisteinbergite (CaAl2Si2O8 polymorph) in high-grade metamorphic rocks
- New Mineral Names