Age determination of oriented rutile inclusions in sapphire and of moonstone from the Mogok metamorphic belt, Myanmar
-
Guanghai Shi
Abstract
The Mogok metamorphic belt (MMB), Myanmar, is one of the most well-known gemological belts on Earth. Previously, 40Ar/39Ar, K-Ar, and U-Pb dating have yielded Jurassic-Miocene magmatic and metamorphic ages of the MMB and adjacent areas; however, no reported age data are closely related to the sapphire and moonstone deposits. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) U-Pb dating of acicular rutile inclusions in sapphire and furnace step-heating 40Ar/39Ar dating of moonstone (antiperthite) in syenites from the MMB yield ages of 13.43 ± 0.92 and 13.55 ± 0.08 Ma, respectively, indicating both Myanmar sapphire and moonstone formed at the same time, and the ages are the youngest published in the region. The ages provide insight into the complex histories and processes of magmatism and metamorphism of the MMB, the formation of gemstone species in this belt, and the collision between India and Asia. In addition, our high field strength element data for the oriented rutile inclusions suggest an origin by co-precipitation rather than exsolution. In situ age determination of this nature is particularly significant since rutile inclusions in other gemstones, such as rubies, can be used to help constrain the geological history of their host rocks elsewhere.
Funding statement: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (41688103, 41773044), and by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STHP) Grant No. 2019QZKK0802.
Acknowledgments
We appreciate R.X. Zhu and T.T. Nyunt for their kind supports during the field trip in Myanmar, J.W. Yin and P.X. Lai for their help with EMP analyses, and X.X. Ling, Y. Liu, T. Zhou, and H.X. Ma for SIMS and Raman analyzes. Constructive comments and suggestions by F.Z. Teng and two anonymous referees are gratefully acknowledged.
References cited
Barley, M.E., Pickard, A.L., Zaw, K., Rak, P., and Doyle, M.G. (2003) Jurassic to Miocene magmatism and metamorphism in the Mogok metamorphic belt and the India-Eurasia collision in Myanmar. Tectonics, 22, 1019, doi: 10.1029/2002TC001398, 3.10.1029/2002TC001398,3Suche in Google Scholar
Bertrand, G., and Rangin, C. (2003) Tectonics of the western margin of the Shan plateau (central Myanmar): Implication for the India-Indochina oblique convergence since the Oligocene. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21, 1139–1157.10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00183-9Suche in Google Scholar
Bertrand, G., Rangin, C., Maluski, H., Han, T.A., Thein, M., Myint, O., Maw, W., and Lwin, S. (1999) Cenozoic metamorphism along the Shan Scarp (Myanmar): Evidences for ductile shear along the Sagaing Fault or the northward migration of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis? Geophysical Research Letters, 26, 915–918.10.1029/1999GL900136Suche in Google Scholar
Bertrand, G., Rangin, C., Maluski, H., and Bellon, H. (2001) Diachronous cooling along the Mogok Metamorphic Belt (Shan scarp, Myanmar): The trace of the northward migration of the Indian syntaxis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 19, 649–659.10.1016/S1367-9120(00)00061-4Suche in Google Scholar
Cherniak, D.J. (2000) Pb diffusion in rutile. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 139, 198–207.10.1007/PL00007671Suche in Google Scholar
Dodson, M.H. (1973) Closure temperature in cooling geochronological and petrological systems. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 40, 259–274.10.1007/BF00373790Suche in Google Scholar
Gao, K., Shi, G.H., Wang, M.L., Xie, G., Wang, J., Zhang, X.C., Fang, T., Lei, W.Y., and Liu, Y. (2019) The Tashisayi nephrite deposit from South Altyn Tagh, Xinjiang, northwest China. Geoscience Frontiers, 10, 1597–1612.10.1016/j.gsf.2018.10.008Suche in Google Scholar
Gardiner, N.J., Robb, L.J., Morley, C.K., Searle, M.P., Cawood, P.A., Whitehouse, M.J., Kirkland, C.L., Roberts, N.M.W., and Myint, T.A. (2016) The tectonic and metallogenic framework of Myanmar: A Tethyan mineral system. Ore Geology Reviews, 79, 26–45.10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.04.024Suche in Google Scholar
Gardiner, N.J., Searle, M.P., Morley, C.K., Robb, L.J., Whitehouse, M.J., Roberts, N.M.W., Kirkland, C.L., and Spencer, C.J. (2018) The crustal architecture of Myanmar imaged through zircon U-Pb, Lu-Hf and O isotopes: Tectonic and metallogenic implications. Gondwana Research, 62, 27–60.10.1016/j.gr.2018.02.008Suche in Google Scholar
Garnier, V., Maluski, H., Giuliani, G., Ohnenstetter, D., and Schwarz, D. (2006) Ar-Ar and U-Pb ages of marble-hosted ruby deposits from central and southeast Asia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43, 509–532.10.1139/e06-005Suche in Google Scholar
Giuliani, G., and Groat, L.A. (2019) Geology of corundum and emerald gem deposits: A review. Gems & Gemology, 55, 464–489.10.5741/GEMS.55.4.464Suche in Google Scholar
Gübelin, E.J., and Koivula, J.I. (2004) Photoatlas of Inclusions in Gemstones (4th ed.). Opinio Verlag Basel, Switzerland.Suche in Google Scholar
Guo, J., O’Reilly, S.Y., and Griffin, W.L. (1996) Corundum from basaltic terrains: A mineral inclusion approach to the enigma. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122, 368–386.10.1007/s004100050134Suche in Google Scholar
Guo, S., Chen, Y., Liu, C.Z., Wang, J.G., Su, B., Gao, Y.J., Wu, F.Y., Sein, K., Yang, Y.H., and Mao, Q. (2016) Scheelite and coexisting F-rich zoned garnet, vesuvianite, fluorite, and apatite in calc-silicate rocks from the Mogok metamorphic belt, Myanmar: Implications for metasomatism in marble and the role of halogens in W mobilization and mineralization. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 117, 82–106.10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.12.004Suche in Google Scholar
Harlow, G.E., and Bender, W. (2013) A study of ruby (corundum) compositions from the Mogok Belt, Myanmar: Searching for chemical fingerprints. American Mineralogist, 98, 1120–1132.10.2138/am.2013.4388Suche in Google Scholar
Harrison, T.M., Copeland, P., Kidd, W.S.F., and Yin, A. (1992) Raising Tibet. Science, 255, 1663–1670.10.1126/science.255.5052.1663Suche in Google Scholar
He, H., Zhu, R., and Saxton, J. (2011) Noble gas isotopes in corundum and peridotite xenoliths from the eastern North China Craton: Implication for comprehensive refertilization of lithospheric mantle. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 189, 185–191.10.1016/j.pepi.2011.09.001Suche in Google Scholar
Hou, Z.Q., Gao, Y.F., Qu, X.M., Rui, Z.Y., and Mo, X.X. (2004) Origin of adakitic intrusives generated during mid-Miocene east-west extension in southern Tibet. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 220, 139–155.10.1016/S0012-821X(04)00007-XSuche in Google Scholar
Hou, Z.Q., Yang, Z.M., Qu, X.M., Meng, X.J., Li, Z.Q., Beaudoin, G., Rui, Z.Y., Gao, Y.F., and Zaw, K. (2009) The Miocene Gangdese porphyry copper belt generated during post-collisional extension in the Tibetan Orogen. Ore Geology Reviews, 36, 25–51.10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.09.006Suche in Google Scholar
Kooijman, E., Mezger, K., and Berndt, J. (2010) Constraints on the U-Pb systematics of metamorphic rutile from in situ LA-ICP-MS analysis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 293, 321–330.10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.047Suche in Google Scholar
Lacassin, R., Maluski, H., Leloup, P.H., Tapponnier, P., Hinthong, C., Siribhakdi, K., Chuaviroj, S., and Charoenravat, A. (1997) Tertiary diachronic extrusion and deformation of western Indochina: Structural and 40Ar/39Ar evidence from NW Thailand. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 102, 10013–10037.10.1029/96JB03831Suche in Google Scholar
Lee, H., Chung, S., and Yang, H. (2016) Late Cenozoic volcanism in central Myanmar: Geochemical characteristics and geodynamic significance. Lithos, 245, 174–190.10.1016/j.lithos.2015.09.018Suche in Google Scholar
Li, Q.L., Li, S.G., Zheng, Y.F., Li, H.M., Massonne, H.J., and Wang, Q.C. (2003) A high precision U-Pb age of metamorphic rutile in coesite-bearing eclogite from the Dabie Mountains in central China: a new constraint on the cooling history. Chemical Geology, 200, 255–265.10.1016/S0009-2541(03)00194-3Suche in Google Scholar
Li, Q.L., Lin, W., Su, W., Li, X., Shi, Y., Liu, Y., and Tang, G. (2011) SIMS U-Pb rutile age of low-temperature eclogites from southwestern Chinese Tianshan, NW China. Lithos, 122, 76–86.10.1016/j.lithos.2010.11.007Suche in Google Scholar
Li, Q.L., Yang, Y.N., Shi, Y.H., and Lin, W. (2013) Eclogite rutile U-Pb dating: Constraint for formation and evolution of continental collisional orogen. Chinese Science Bulletin, 58, 2279–2284 (in Chinese).Suche in Google Scholar
Licht, A., France-Lanord, C., Reisberg, L., Fontaine, C., Naing Soe, A., and Jaeger, J.J. (2013) A Paleo Tibet–Myanmar connection? Reconstructing the Late Eocene drainage system of central Myanmar using a multi-proxy approach. Journal of the Geological Society, 170, 929–939.10.1144/jgs2012-126Suche in Google Scholar
McDougall, I., and Harrison, T.M. (1999) Geochronology and Thermochronology by the 40Ar/39Ar Method, 269 p. Oxford University Press, New York.Suche in Google Scholar
Mezger, K., Hanson, G.N., and Bohlen, S.R. (1989) High-precision U-Pb ages of metamorphic rutile: Application to the cooling history of high-grade terranes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 96, 106–118.10.1016/0012-821X(89)90126-XSuche in Google Scholar
Mezger, K., Rawnsley, C.M., Bohlen, S.R., and Hanson, G.N. (1991) U-Pb garnet, sphene, monazite, and rutile ages: Implications for the duration of high-grade metamorphism and cooling histories, Adirondack MTS, New-York. The Journal of Geology, 99, 415–428.10.1086/629503Suche in Google Scholar
Mitchell, A. (1993) Cretaceous-Cenozoic tectonic events in the western Myanmar (Burma) Assam region. Journal of the Geological Society, 150, 1089–1102.10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1089Suche in Google Scholar
Mitchell, A.H.G., Htay, M.T., Htun, K.M., Win, M.N., Oo, T., and Hlaing, T. (2007) Rock relationships in the Mogok metamorphic belt, Tatkon to Mandalay, central Myanmar. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 29, 891–910.10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.009Suche in Google Scholar
Mitchell, A., Chung, S., Oo, T., Lin, T., and Hung, C. (2012) Zircon U-Pb ages in Myanmar: Magmatic-metamorphic events and the closure of a neo-Tethys ocean? Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 56, 1–23.10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.04.019Suche in Google Scholar
Palke, A.C., and Breeding, C.M. (2017) The origin of needle-like rutile inclusions in natural gem corundum: A combined EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, and nanoSIMS investigation. American Mineralogist, 102, 1451–1461.10.2138/am-2017-5965Suche in Google Scholar
Searle, D.L., and Haq, B.T. (1964) The Mogok belt of Burma and its relationship to the Himalayan orogeny. In G. Kohli, V.S. Krishnaswamy, and K.S. Valdiya, Eds., Report of the 22nd Session, India 1964, Part XI, Proceedings of Section 11: Himalayan and Alpine Orogeny, p. 132–161. International Geological Congress, New Delhi.Suche in Google Scholar
Searle, M.P., Noble, S.R., Cottle, J.M., Waters, D.J., Mitchell, A.H.G., Hlaing, T., and Horstwood, M.S.A. (2007) Tectonic evolution of the Mogok metamorphic belt, Burma (Myanmar) constrained by U-Th-Pb dating of metamorphic and magmatic rocks. Tectonics, 26, TC3014, doi: 10.1029/2006TC002083.10.1029/2006TC002083Suche in Google Scholar
Searle, M.P., Garber, J.M., Hacker, B.R., Htun, K., Gardiner, N.J., Waters, D.J., and Robb, L.J. (2020) Timing of syenite-charnockite magmatism and ruby and sapphire metamorphism in the Mogok valley region. Tectonics, 39, e2019TC005998.10.1029/2019TC005998Suche in Google Scholar
Shi, G.H., Cui, W.Y., Cao, S.M., Jiang, N., Jian, P., Liu, D.Y., Miao, L.C., and Chu, B.B. (2008) Ion microprobe zircon U-Pb age and geochemistry of the Myanmar jadeitite. Journal of the Geological Society, 165, 221–234.10.1144/0016-76492006-119Suche in Google Scholar
Shi, G.H., Grimaldi, D.A., Harlow, G.E., Wang, J., Wang, J., Yang, M.C., Lei, W.Y., Li, Q.L., and Li, X.H. (2012a) Age constraint on the Burmese amber based on U-Pb dating of zircons. Cretaceous Research, 37, 155–163.10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.014Suche in Google Scholar
Shi, G.H., Li, X.H., Li, Q.L., Chen, Z.Y., Deng, J., Liu, Y., Kang, Z., Pang, E.C., Xu, Y.J., and Jia, X.M. (2012b) Ion microprobe U-Pb age and Zr-in-rutile thermometry of rutiles from the Daixian rutile deposit in the Hengshan Mountains, Shanxi Province, China. Economic Geology, 107, 525–535.10.2113/econgeo.107.3.525Suche in Google Scholar
Sorokina, E.S., Litvinenko, A.K., Hofmeister, W., Haeger, T., Jacob, D.E., and Nasriddinov, Z.Z. (2015) Rubies and sapphires from Snezhnoe, Tajikistan. Gems & Gemology, 51, 160–175.10.5741/GEMS.51.2.160Suche in Google Scholar
Sorokina, E.S., Rösel, D., Häger, T., Mertz-Kraus, R., and Saul, J.M. (2017) LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of rutile inclusions within corundum (ruby and sapphire): new constraints on the formation of corundum deposits along the Mozambique belt. Mineralium Deposita, 52, 641–649.10.1007/s00126-017-0732-xSuche in Google Scholar
Sutherland, F.L., Hoskin, P., Fanning, C.M., and Coenraads, R.R. (1998) Models of corundum origin from alkali basaltic terrains: A reappraisal. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 133, 356–372.10.1007/s004100050458Suche in Google Scholar
Sutherland, F.L., Giuliani, G., Fallick, A.E., Garland, M., and Webb, G. (2009) Sapphireruby characteristics, west Pailin, Cambodia: Clues to their origin based on trace element and O isotope analysis. Australian Gemmologist, 23, 329–368.Suche in Google Scholar
Tatekawa, M., Kanezaki, M., and Nakano, S. (1972) On the perthite structure of moonstone (II) high temperature form of moonstone. Mineralogical Journal, 7, 9–28.10.2465/minerj1953.7.9Suche in Google Scholar
Themelis, T. (2008) Gems & Mines of Mogok, 352 p. Ted Themelis, Thailand.Suche in Google Scholar
Thu, K. (2007) The igneous rocks of the Mogok stone tract: Their distributions, petrography, petrochemistry, sequence, geochronology and economic geology, 139 p. Ph.D. thesis, Yangon University, Yangon, Myanmar.Suche in Google Scholar
Thu, Y.K., Win, M.M., Enami, M., and Tsuboi, M. (2016) Ti-rich biotite in spinel and quartz-bearing paragneiss and related rocks from the Mogok metamorphic belt, central Myanmar. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 111, 270–282.10.2465/jmps.151020Suche in Google Scholar
Thu, Y.K., Enami, M., Kato, T., and Tsuboi, M. (2017) Granulite facies paragneisses from the middle segment of the Mogok metamorphic belt, central Myanmar. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 112, 1–19.10.2465/jmps.160526Suche in Google Scholar
Timmermann, H., Štědrá, V., Gerdes, A., Noble, S.R., Parrish, R.R., and Dörr, W. (2004) The problem of dating high-pressure metamorphism: A U-Pb isotope and geochemical study on eclogites and related rocks of the Marianske Lazne Complex, Czech Republic. Journal of Petrology, 45, 1311–1338.10.1093/petrology/egh020Suche in Google Scholar
Tropper, P. (2014) Small grains and big implications: Accessory Ti- and Zr-minerals as petrogenetic indicators in HP and UHP marbles. American Mineralogist, 99, 1197–1198.10.2138/am.2014.4937Suche in Google Scholar
Tutton, A.E.H. (1921) The structure of adularia and moonstone. Nature, 108, 352–353.10.1038/108352a0Suche in Google Scholar
Van der Pluijm, B.A., and Marshak, S. (2004) Earth Structure, 2nd ed., 656 p. Norton Publication House, New York.Suche in Google Scholar
Vry, J.K., and Baker, J.A. (2006) LA-MC-ICPMS Pb-Pb dating of rutile from slowly cooled granulites: Confirmation of the high closure temperature for Pb diffusion in rutile. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 1807–1820.10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.006Suche in Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Zhou, L., and Li, J. (2011) Intracontinental superimposed tectonics: A case study in the Western Hills of Beijing, eastern China. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 123, 1033–1055.10.1130/B30257.1Suche in Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Zhou, L.Y., Horst, Z., Lo, C.H., Li, G.W., and Hao, J.H. (2020) 40Ar/39Ar dating of cataclastic K-feldspar: A new approach for establishing the chronology of brittle deformation. Journal of Structural Geology, 131, 103948.10.1016/j.jsg.2019.103948Suche in Google Scholar
Wei, R., Li, Y., Xie, Y., Shi, G.H., and Zhang, W.H. (2009) Characteristics of inclusions in lead-glass-filled ruby. Journal of Gems and Gemmology, 11, 22–25 (in Chinese).Suche in Google Scholar
Whitney, D.L., and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187.10.2138/am.2010.3371Suche in Google Scholar
Win, M.M., Enami, M., and Kato, T. (2016) Metamorphic conditions and CHIME monazite ages of Late Eocene to Late Oligocene high-temperature Mogok metamorphic rocks in central Myanmar. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 117, 304–316.10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.11.023Suche in Google Scholar
Wu, L., Shi, G., Danišík, M., Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., and Wang, F. (2019) MK-1 apatite: A new potential reference material for (U-Th)/He dating. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 43, 301–315.10.1111/ggr.12258Suche in Google Scholar
Xu, B., Griffin, W.L., Xiong, Q., Hou, Z.Q., O’Reilly, S.Y., Guo, Z., Pearson, N.J., Gréau, Y., Yang, Z.M., and Zheng, Y.C. (2017) Ultrapotassic rocks and xenoliths from South Tibet: Contrasting styles of interaction between lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere during continental collision. Geology, 45, 51–54.10.1130/G38466.1Suche in Google Scholar
Zack, T., and Kooijman, E. (2017) Petrology and geochronology of rutile. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 83, 443–467.10.1515/9783110561890-015Suche in Google Scholar
Zack, T., Kronz, A., Foley, S.F., and Rivers, T. (2002) Trace element abundances in rutile from eclogites and associated garnet mica schists. Chemical Geology, 184, 97–122.10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00357-6Suche in Google Scholar
Zhao, Z., Mo, X., Dilek, Y., Niu, Y., DePaolo, D.J., Robinson, P., Zhu, D., Sun, C., Dong, G., and Zhou, S. (2009) Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotopic compositions of the post-collisional ultrapotassic magmatism in SW Tibet: Petrogenesis and implications for India intra-continental subduction beneath southern Tibet. Lithos, 113, 190–212.10.1016/j.lithos.2009.02.004Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Mineralogical Society of America
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Highlights and Breakthroughs
- First-principles Molecular Dynamics maps out complete mineral surface acidity landscape
- Sulfur solubility in the Earth magma ocean—Testing the hypothesis of the “Hadean matte”
- Spectroscopic evidence for the Fe3+ spin transition in iron-bearing δ-AlOOH at high pressure
- Quantitative WDS compositional mapping using the electron microprobe
- Interfacial structures and acidity constants of goethite from first-principles Molecular Dynamics simulations
- Sound velocities of iron-nickel (Fe90Ni10) alloy up to 8 GPa and 773 K: The effect of nickel on the elastic properties of bcc-iron at high P-T
- Formation of metallic-Cu-bearing mineral assemblages in type-3 ordinary and CO chondrites
- Behavior and origin of hydrogen defects in natural orthopyroxene during high-temperature processes
- Phase transitions in CaCO3 under hydrous and anhydrous conditions: Implications for the structural transformations of CaCO3 during subduction processes
- Strain-induced partial serpentinization of germanate olivine with a small amount of water
- The origin of trapiche-like inclusion patterns in quartz from Inner Mongolia, China
- Upper temperature limits of orogenic gold deposit formation: Constraints from TiO2 polymorphs in the Dongyuan Au deposit, Jiangnan Orogen, China
- Formation of clinohumite ± spinel in dolomitic marbles from the Makrohar Granulite Belt, Central India: Evidence for Ti mobility during regional metamorphism
- Carletonmooreite, Ni3Si, a new silicide from the Norton County aubrite meteorite
- Sulfur content at sulfide saturation of peridotitic melt at upper mantle conditions
- Johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, a new mineral of the beryl group from the gem deposits of Mogok, Myanmar
- Age determination of oriented rutile inclusions in sapphire and of moonstone from the Mogok metamorphic belt, Myanmar
- X-ray computed microtomography of diamondiferous impact suevitic breccia and clast-poor melt rock from the Kara astrobleme (Pay-Khoy, Russia)
- Book Review
- Book Review: Clays in the Minerals Processing Value Chain
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Highlights and Breakthroughs
- First-principles Molecular Dynamics maps out complete mineral surface acidity landscape
- Sulfur solubility in the Earth magma ocean—Testing the hypothesis of the “Hadean matte”
- Spectroscopic evidence for the Fe3+ spin transition in iron-bearing δ-AlOOH at high pressure
- Quantitative WDS compositional mapping using the electron microprobe
- Interfacial structures and acidity constants of goethite from first-principles Molecular Dynamics simulations
- Sound velocities of iron-nickel (Fe90Ni10) alloy up to 8 GPa and 773 K: The effect of nickel on the elastic properties of bcc-iron at high P-T
- Formation of metallic-Cu-bearing mineral assemblages in type-3 ordinary and CO chondrites
- Behavior and origin of hydrogen defects in natural orthopyroxene during high-temperature processes
- Phase transitions in CaCO3 under hydrous and anhydrous conditions: Implications for the structural transformations of CaCO3 during subduction processes
- Strain-induced partial serpentinization of germanate olivine with a small amount of water
- The origin of trapiche-like inclusion patterns in quartz from Inner Mongolia, China
- Upper temperature limits of orogenic gold deposit formation: Constraints from TiO2 polymorphs in the Dongyuan Au deposit, Jiangnan Orogen, China
- Formation of clinohumite ± spinel in dolomitic marbles from the Makrohar Granulite Belt, Central India: Evidence for Ti mobility during regional metamorphism
- Carletonmooreite, Ni3Si, a new silicide from the Norton County aubrite meteorite
- Sulfur content at sulfide saturation of peridotitic melt at upper mantle conditions
- Johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, a new mineral of the beryl group from the gem deposits of Mogok, Myanmar
- Age determination of oriented rutile inclusions in sapphire and of moonstone from the Mogok metamorphic belt, Myanmar
- X-ray computed microtomography of diamondiferous impact suevitic breccia and clast-poor melt rock from the Kara astrobleme (Pay-Khoy, Russia)
- Book Review
- Book Review: Clays in the Minerals Processing Value Chain