Rapid solid-state sintering in volcanic systems
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Amy G. Ryan
,
James K. Russell
Abstract
Solid-state sintering is a process wherein atomic diffusion along grain boundaries converts unconsolidated, crystalline aggregates into dense composites. It is a process that has largely been overlooked as significant to volcanic systems. Here, we present a preliminary suite of hot isostatic pressing experiments performed on naturally occurring crystalline dacite powders that demonstrate the efficacy of solid-state sintering at elevated pressures (40, 70 MPa) and temperatures (700–900 °C) over short timescales (2.5 days). The experimental products are dense, low-permeability rocks, supporting the hypothesis that solid-state sintering may be an important process that acts on timescales relevant to magma rise and eruption. We use the experimental data to constrain a preliminary model for the extent of densification as a function of temperature, confining pressure and time. Last, we present sintering maps relevant to the time-dependent loss of porosity and permeability in granular volcanic materials. Solid-state sintering is a densification process with the capacity to heal fluid-flow pathways in volcanic systems within months to years.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants program (J.K.R.) and the Geological Society of America (GSA) Graduate Student Research Grants program (A.G.R.). We thank L. Gardner, E.A. Friedlander, D. Gainer, J. I. Farquharson, and A.R.L. Kushnir. The constructive comments of D. Pyle, F. Wadsworth, and one anonymous reviewer helped us improve the quality of this manuscript.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Letter
- Rapid solid-state sintering in volcanic systems
- How geometry and anisotropy affect residual strain in host-inclusion systems: Coupling experimental and numerical approaches
- Special collection: Earth analogs for martian geological materials and processes
- Diverse mineral assemblages of acidic alteration in the Rio Tinto area (southwest Spain): Implications for Mars
- Special collection: From magmas to ore deposits
- Archaean hydrothermal fluid modified zircons at Sunrise Dam and Kanowna Belle gold deposits, Western Australia: Implications for post-magmatic fluid activity and ore genesis
- Special collection: Water in nominally hydrous and anhydrous minerals
- New high-pressure phases in MOOH (M = Al, Ga, In)
- Articles
- Nuwaite (Ni6GeS2) and butianite (Ni6SnS2), two new minerals from the Allende meteorite: Alteration products in the early solar system
- The role of magma mixing, identification of mafic magma inputs, and structure of the underlying magmatic system at Mount St. Helens
- Thermodynamic properties of natural melilites
- Thermal conductivity anomaly in spin-crossover ferropericlase under lower mantle conditions and implications for heat flow across the core-mantle boundary
- Electronic properties and compressional behavior of Fe–Si alloys at high pressure
- Diffusion of molybdenum and tungsten in anhydrous and hydrous granitic melts
- High-pressure single-crystal structural analysis of AlSiO3OH phase egg
- Structural variations along the apatite F-OH join
- Raman modes of carbonate minerals as pressure and temperature gauges up to 6 GPa and 500 °C
- Crystallization conditions of micas in oxidized igneous systems
- The role of crustal melting in the formation of rhyolites: Constraints from SIMS oxygen isotope data (Chon Aike Province, Patagonia, Argentina)
- New Mineral Names
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