Home Physical Sciences The role of crustal melting in the formation of rhyolites: Constraints from SIMS oxygen isotope data (Chon Aike Province, Patagonia, Argentina)
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The role of crustal melting in the formation of rhyolites: Constraints from SIMS oxygen isotope data (Chon Aike Province, Patagonia, Argentina)

  • Susanne Seitz EMAIL logo , Benita Putlitz , Lukas Peter Baumgartner and Anne-Sophie Bouvier
Published/Copyright: November 28, 2018
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 103 Issue 12

Abstract

We report on the oxygen isotope composition of Jurassic rhyolites from a silicic large igneous province, the Chon Aike Province (Patagonia, Argentina). Quartz is shown to have refractory behavior with respect to diffusional oxygen isotope exchange, making it a robust tracer of magmatic processes. Detailed secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) transects across 24 quartz crystals reveal homogeneous, but elevated, oxygen isotope values (10.9–12.5‰). None of the analyzed grains display distinct discontinuities in 18O values. Late hydrothermal exchange is limited to a few tens of micrometers next to cracks, some grain boundaries, and inclusions. No correlation with igneous zoning as revealed by cathodoluminescence (CL) was found. Finally, quartz crystals display little to no inter-grain variability at a sample or outcrop scale. Zircons (7.5–10.1‰), in contrast, display significant inter–crystalline oxygen isotopic heterogeneity (>2.0‰) at a sample scale, but core-rim analyses reveal no systematic variations. This is interpreted to confirm the antecrystic nature of zircons, while quartz crystals mostly are phenocrysts. The studied quartz and zircon provide, hence, complementary information on the evolution of the magmatic system of the Chon Aike Province. Zircon likely captures information about the deeper source region, in contrast to quartz that will record the last stages of the magmatic system and thus might provide important information on the buildup and duration of magma chamber processes in the upper crust. The data illustrate that quartz—in the absence of recrystallization—can retain its magmatic signature and is thus a useful tracer of pre-eruptive magmatic processes. The high δ18O values of both zircon and quartz require a significant (>50%) crustal—most likely sedimentary— contribution in the melt formation process, either via assimilation or anatexis. This conclusion yields new constraints on petrological models for the Chon Aike Province.

Keywords: Oxygen isotopes; SIMS; rhyolites; crustal melting; quartz; zircon

Acknowledgments

We thank the authorities of the Parque Nacional de los Glaciares (Argentina) for the permission to sample and the rangers in El Chaltén for their support. A special thank you goes to A. Kosmal (El Chaltén) for his hospitality, logistic support and geological insights. We also thank our field assistants N. Buchs and E. May for their help. We thank P. Vonlanthen for the introduction to the cathodoluminescence laboratory. We thank L. Caricchi and O. Müntener for helpful discussions. We appreciated the constructive suggestions by M. Stelten and L. Claiborne, which have led to a significant improvement of the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge funding by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Fund 200020_150078 to B.P., 200021_153094 to L.P.B.) and PCI CASA funding of the Swiss government to L.P.B.

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Received: 2018-02-22
Accepted: 2018-08-14
Published Online: 2018-11-28
Published in Print: 2018-12-19

© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Letter
  2. Rapid solid-state sintering in volcanic systems
  3. How geometry and anisotropy affect residual strain in host-inclusion systems: Coupling experimental and numerical approaches
  4. Special collection: Earth analogs for martian geological materials and processes
  5. Diverse mineral assemblages of acidic alteration in the Rio Tinto area (southwest Spain): Implications for Mars
  6. Special collection: From magmas to ore deposits
  7. Archaean hydrothermal fluid modified zircons at Sunrise Dam and Kanowna Belle gold deposits, Western Australia: Implications for post-magmatic fluid activity and ore genesis
  8. Special collection: Water in nominally hydrous and anhydrous minerals
  9. New high-pressure phases in MOOH (M = Al, Ga, In)
  10. Articles
  11. Nuwaite (Ni6GeS2) and butianite (Ni6SnS2), two new minerals from the Allende meteorite: Alteration products in the early solar system
  12. The role of magma mixing, identification of mafic magma inputs, and structure of the underlying magmatic system at Mount St. Helens
  13. Thermodynamic properties of natural melilites
  14. Thermal conductivity anomaly in spin-crossover ferropericlase under lower mantle conditions and implications for heat flow across the core-mantle boundary
  15. Electronic properties and compressional behavior of Fe–Si alloys at high pressure
  16. Diffusion of molybdenum and tungsten in anhydrous and hydrous granitic melts
  17. High-pressure single-crystal structural analysis of AlSiO3OH phase egg
  18. Structural variations along the apatite F-OH join
  19. Raman modes of carbonate minerals as pressure and temperature gauges up to 6 GPa and 500 °C
  20. Crystallization conditions of micas in oxidized igneous systems
  21. The role of crustal melting in the formation of rhyolites: Constraints from SIMS oxygen isotope data (Chon Aike Province, Patagonia, Argentina)
  22. New Mineral Names
  23. Book Review
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2018-6520
Keywords for this article
Oxygen isotopes; SIMS; rhyolites; crustal melting; quartz; zircon

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Letter
  2. Rapid solid-state sintering in volcanic systems
  3. How geometry and anisotropy affect residual strain in host-inclusion systems: Coupling experimental and numerical approaches
  4. Special collection: Earth analogs for martian geological materials and processes
  5. Diverse mineral assemblages of acidic alteration in the Rio Tinto area (southwest Spain): Implications for Mars
  6. Special collection: From magmas to ore deposits
  7. Archaean hydrothermal fluid modified zircons at Sunrise Dam and Kanowna Belle gold deposits, Western Australia: Implications for post-magmatic fluid activity and ore genesis
  8. Special collection: Water in nominally hydrous and anhydrous minerals
  9. New high-pressure phases in MOOH (M = Al, Ga, In)
  10. Articles
  11. Nuwaite (Ni6GeS2) and butianite (Ni6SnS2), two new minerals from the Allende meteorite: Alteration products in the early solar system
  12. The role of magma mixing, identification of mafic magma inputs, and structure of the underlying magmatic system at Mount St. Helens
  13. Thermodynamic properties of natural melilites
  14. Thermal conductivity anomaly in spin-crossover ferropericlase under lower mantle conditions and implications for heat flow across the core-mantle boundary
  15. Electronic properties and compressional behavior of Fe–Si alloys at high pressure
  16. Diffusion of molybdenum and tungsten in anhydrous and hydrous granitic melts
  17. High-pressure single-crystal structural analysis of AlSiO3OH phase egg
  18. Structural variations along the apatite F-OH join
  19. Raman modes of carbonate minerals as pressure and temperature gauges up to 6 GPa and 500 °C
  20. Crystallization conditions of micas in oxidized igneous systems
  21. The role of crustal melting in the formation of rhyolites: Constraints from SIMS oxygen isotope data (Chon Aike Province, Patagonia, Argentina)
  22. New Mineral Names
  23. Book Review
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