Startseite Naturwissenschaften Ferruginous seawater facilitates the transformation of glauconite to chamosite: An example from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation of North China
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Ferruginous seawater facilitates the transformation of glauconite to chamosite: An example from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation of North China

  • Dongjie Tang EMAIL logo , Xiaoying Shi , Ganqing Jiang , Xiqiang Zhou und Qing Shi
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 30. Oktober 2017
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill
Informationen für Autor*innen
American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 102 Heft 11

Abstract

Berthierine and chamosite are iron-rich clay minerals that share similar chemical compositions. Berthierine forms at low temperature (25–45 °C) during early diagenesis and may transfer to chamosite at temperatures of ≥70 °C. Because the formation of berthierine and chamosite requires significant amount of Fe2+ supply, their presence in marine sediments is often used as a mineral proxy for ferruginous conditions in porewater. Recent studies reveal that the Precambrian oceans were characterized by pervasive ferruginous water-column conditions that may favor the formation of iron-rich clay minerals like berthierine and chamosite. To evaluate if ferruginous water-column conditions in the Precambrian ocean played a role on iron-rich clay mineral formation, we conducted an integrated petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical study on the chamosite- and glauconite-bearing strata of the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation (~1.40–1.35 Ga) in North China. Petrographic, XRD, SEM, and EDS analyses show that the chamosites of the Xiamaling Formation was transferred from glauconite, with berthierine as an intermediate mineral phase during early diagenesis. Geochemical analyses indicate that a complete transformation from glauconite-dominated to chamosite-dominated end-members (samples) requires an addition of a large amount of Fe (16.9 wt%), Mg (2.4 wt%), and a small amount of Al (1.4 wt%), but a simultaneous release of Si (11.8 wt%) and K (6.0 wt%). Considering that the glauconite- and chamosite-bearing strata are devoid of iron-rich detrital minerals (e.g., biotite and iron oxides) and lack evidence of hydrothermal alteration, the required Fe2+ for glauconite-berthierine-chamosite transformation was most likely from Fe2+-rich (ferruginous) seawater, which may have promoted glauconite-berthierine transformation at the very early diagenetic stage when Fe2+ exchange between porewater and seawater was still available. This interpretation is consistent with the high FeHR/FeT (but low Fepy/FeHR), Fe/Al, and V/Al ratios from the hosting strata that support ferruginous depositional environments. Because most Precambrian strata have passed the oil window temperature (>50–150 °C), the preservation of berthierine would be rare and chamosite should be the representative iron-rich clay mineral. Thus, the abundance of chamosite in fine-grained, marine siliciclastic sediments may be used as a mineral indicator of ferruginous water-column conditions.

Keywords: Glauconite; berthierine; chamosite; seawater redox conditions; Mesoproterozoic; Xiamaling formation

Acknowledgments

The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41672336 and 41402024). We thank Jianbai Ma for field assistance and sample preparation, Yong Han for her kind help in TEM analysis. We thank Warren Huff (Associate Editor), Peter Ryan, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments that helped to improve the paper.

References cited

Banerjee, S., Mondal, S., Chakraborty, P.P., and Meena, S.S. (2015) Distinctive compositional characteristics and evolutionary trend of Precambrian glaucony: Example from Bhalukona Formation, Chhattisgarh basin, India. Precambrian Research, 271, 33–48.10.1016/j.precamres.2015.09.026Suche in Google Scholar

Banerjee, S., Bansal, U., and Thorat, A. (2016) A review on palaeogeographic implications and temporal variation in glaucony composition. Journal of Paleogeography, 5, 43–71.10.1016/j.jop.2015.12.001Suche in Google Scholar

Bhattacharyya, D.P. (1983) Origin of berthierine in ironstones. Clays and Clay Minerals, 31, 173–182.10.1346/CCMN.1983.0310302Suche in Google Scholar

Canfield, D.E., Raiswell, R., Westrich, J.T., Reaves, C.M., and Berner, R.A. (1986) The use of chromium reduction in the analysis of reduced inorganic sulfur in sediments and shales. Chemical Geology, 54, 149–155.10.1016/0009-2541(86)90078-1Suche in Google Scholar

Canfield, D.E., Poulton, S.W., Knoll, A.H., Narbonne, G.M., Ross, G., Goldberg, T., and Strauss, H. (2008) Ferruginous conditions dominated later Neoproterozoic deepwater chemistry. Science, 321, 949–952.10.1126/science.1154499Suche in Google Scholar

Clarkson, M.O., Poulton, S.W., Guilbaud, R., and Wood, R.A. (2014) Assessing the utility of Fe/Al and Fe-speciation to record water column redox conditions in carbonate-rich sediments. Chemical Geology, 382, 111–122.10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.05.031Suche in Google Scholar

Dai, S., and Chou, C.L. (2007) Occurrence and origin of minerals in a chamosite-bearing coal of Late Permian age, Zhaotong, Yunnan, China. American Mineralogist, 92, 1253–1261.10.2138/am.2007.2496Suche in Google Scholar

Damyanov, Z., and Vassileva, M. (2001) Authigenic phyllosilicates in the Middle Triassic Kremikovtsi sedimentary exhalative siderite iron formation, Western Balkan, Bulgaria. Clays and Clay Minerals, 49, 559–585.10.1346/CCMN.2001.0490607Suche in Google Scholar

Drits, V.A., Ivanovskaya, T.A., Sakharov, B.A., Gor’kova, N.V., Karpova, G.V., and Pokrovskaya, E.V. (2001) Pseudomorphous replacement of globular glauconite by mixed-layer chlorite–berthierine in the outer contact of dike: Evidence from the Lower Riphean Ust‘-Il’ya Formation, Anabar Uplift. Lithology and Mineral Resources, 36, 337–352.10.1023/A:1010410204356Suche in Google Scholar

Duan, C., Li, Y.H., Wei, M.H., Yang, Y., Hou, K.J., Chen, X.D., and Zhou, B. (2014) U-Pb dating study of detrital zircons from the Chuanlinggou Formation in Jiangjiazhai iron deposit, North China Craton and its geological significances. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 30, 35–48 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Emerson, S.R., and Huested, S.S. (1991) Ocean anoxia and the concentrations of molybdenum and vanadium in seawater. Marine Chemistry, 34, 177–196.10.1016/0304-4203(91)90002-ESuche in Google Scholar

Evans, D.A.D., and Mitchell, R.N. (2011) Assembly and breakup of the core of Paleoproterozoic-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent Nuna. Geology, 39, 443–446.10.1130/G31654.1Suche in Google Scholar

Fritz, S.J., and Toth, T.A. (1997) An Fe-berthierine from a Cretaceous laterite: part II. Estimation of Eh, pH and pCO2 conditions of formation. Clays and Clay Minerals, 45, 590–586.10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450409Suche in Google Scholar

Fu, Y., Berk, W. V., Schulz, H.M., and Mu, N. (2015) Berthierine formation in reservoir rocks from the Siri oilfield (Danish North Sea) as result of fluid–rock interactions: part II. Deciphering organic–inorganic processes by hydrogeochemical modeling. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 65, 317–326.10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.01.007Suche in Google Scholar

Gao, L.Z., Zhang, C.H., Shi, X.Y., Zhou, H.R., and Wang, Z.Q. (2007) Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of the tuff bed in the Xiamaling Formation of the Qingbaikouan System in North China. Geological Bulletin of China, 26, 249–255 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Gao, L.Z., Zhang, C.H., Shi, X.Y., Song, B., Wang, Z.Q., and Liu, Y.M. (2008a) Mesoproterozoic age for Xiamaling Formation in North China plate indicated by zircon SHRIMP dating. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53, 2665–2671.10.1007/s11434-008-0340-3Suche in Google Scholar

Gao, L.Z., Zhang, C.H., Yin, C.Y., Shi, X.Y., Wang, Z.Q., Liu, Y.M., Liu, P.J., Tang, F., and Song, B. (2008b) SHRIMP zircon ages: Basis for refining the chronostratigraphic classification of the Meso- and Neoproterozoic strata in North China old land. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 29, 366–376 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Gao, L.Z., Zhang, C.H., Liu, P.J., Ding, X.Z., Wang, Z.Q., and Zhang, Y.J. (2009) Recognition of Meso- and Neoproterozoic stratigraphic framework in North and South China. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 30, 433–446 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Hornibrook, E.R.C., and Longstaffe, F. J. (1996) Berthierine from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation, Alberta, Canada. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 1–21.10.1346/CCMN.1996.0440101Suche in Google Scholar

Iijima, A., and Matsumoto, R. (1982) Berthierine and chamosite in coal measures of Japan. Clays and Clay Minerals, 30, 264–274.10.1346/CCMN.1982.0300403Suche in Google Scholar

Kozłowska, A., and Maliszewska, A. (2015) Berthierine in the Middle Jurassic sideritic rocks from southern Poland. Geological Quarterly, 59, 551–564.10.7306/gq.1231Suche in Google Scholar

Li, X.H., Li, W.X., Li, Z.X., and Liu, Y. (2008) 850–790 Ma bimodal volcanic and intrusive rocks in northern Zhejiang, South China: A major episode of continental rift magmatism during the breakup of Rodinia. Lithos, 102, 341–357.10.1016/j.lithos.2007.04.007Suche in Google Scholar

Li, H.K., Zhu, S.X., Xiang, Z.Q., Su, W.B., Lu, S.N., Zhou, H.Y., Geng, J.Z., Li, S., and Yang, F. J. (2010) Zircon U-Pb dating on tuff bed from Gaoyuzhuang formation in Yanqing, Beijing: Further constraints on the new subdivision of the Mesoproterozoic stratigraphy in the northern North China Craton. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2, 2131–2140 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Li, H.K., Lu, S.N., Su, W.B., Xiang, Z.Q., Zhou, H.Y., and Zhang, Y.Q. (2013) Recent advances in the study of the Mesoproterozoic geochronology in the North China Craton. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 72, 216–227.10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.02.020Suche in Google Scholar

Li, H.K., Su, W.B., Zhou, H.Y., Xiang, Z.Q., Tian, H., Yang, L.G., Huff, W.D., and Ettensohn, F.R. (2014) The first precise age constraints on the Jixian System of the Meso- to Neoproterozoic Standard Section of China: SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating of bentonites from the Wumishan and Tieling formations in the Jixian Section, North China Craton. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 30, 2999–3012.Suche in Google Scholar

Lu, S.N., and Li, H.M. (1991) A precise U-Pb single zircon age determination for the volcanics of Dahongyu Formation, Changcheng system in Jixian. Acta Geosicientia Sinica, 22, 137–145 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Lu, S.N., Zhao, G.C., Wang, H.C., and Hao, G.J. (2008) Precambrian metamorphic basement and sedimentary cover of the North China Craton: A review. Precambrian Research, 160, 77–93.10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.017Suche in Google Scholar

Lyons, T.W., Werne, J.P., Hollander, D.J., and Murray, R.W. (2003) Contrasting sulfur geochemistry and Fe/Al and Mo/Al ratios across the last oxic-to-anoxic transition in the Cariaco basin, Venezuela. Chemical Geology, 195, 131–157.10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00392-3Suche in Google Scholar

Ma, L.F., Qiao, X.F., Ming, L.R., Fan, B.X., and Ding, X.Z. (2002) Atlas of Geological Maps of China, 348 p. Geological Press, Beijing (in Chinese).Suche in Google Scholar

McLennan, S.M. (2001) Relationships between the trace element composition of sedimentary rocks and upper continental crust. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2, 203–236.10.1029/2000GC000109Suche in Google Scholar

Meng, Q.R., Wei, H.H., Qu, Y.Q., and Ma, S.X. (2011) Stratigraphic and sedimentary records of the rift to drift evolution of the northern North China Craton at the Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic transition. Gondwana Research, 20, 205–218.10.1016/j.gr.2010.12.010Suche in Google Scholar

Mu, N., Schulz, H.M., Fu, Y., Schovsbo, N.H., Wirth, R., Rhede, D., and van Berk, W. (2015) Berthierine formation in reservoir rocks from the Siri oilfield (Danish North Sea) as result of fluid-rock interactions: Part I. Characterization. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 30, 302–316.10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.04.010Suche in Google Scholar

Odin, G.S., and Matter, A. (1981) De glauconiarum origine. Sedimentology, 28, 611–641.10.1002/9781444304459.ch4Suche in Google Scholar

Odin, G.S., Knox R.WO’B., Gygi, R.A., and Guerrak, S. (1988) Green marine clays from the oolithic ironstone facies. Developments in Sedimentology, 45, 29–52.10.1016/S0070-4571(08)70057-8Suche in Google Scholar

Piper, D.Z., and Calvert, S.E. (2009) A marine biogeochemical perspective on black shale deposition. Earth-Science Reviews, 95, 63–96.10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.03.001Suche in Google Scholar

Planavsky, N.J., McGoldrick, P., Scott, C.T., Li, C., Reinhard, C.T., Kelly, A.E., Chu, X., Bekker, A., Love, G.D., and Lyons, T.W. (2011) Widespread iron-rich conditions in the mid-Proterozoic ocean. Nature, 477, 448–451.10.1038/nature10327Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

Planavsky, N.J., Reinhard, C.T., Wang, X.L., Thomson, D., McGoldrick, P., Rainbird, R.H., Johnson, T., Fischer, W.W., and Lyons, T.W. (2014) Low Mid-Proterozoic atmospheric oxygen levels and the delayed rise of animals. Science, 346, 635–638.10.1126/science.1258410Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

Poulton, S.W., and Canfield, D.E. (2005) Development of a sequential extraction procedure for iron: implications for iron partitioning in continentally derived particulates. Chemical Geology, 214, 209–221.10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.09.003Suche in Google Scholar

Poulton, S.W., and Canfield, D.E. (2011) Ferruginous conditions: a dominant feature of the ocean through Earth’s history. Elements, 7, 107–112.10.2113/gselements.7.2.107Suche in Google Scholar

Raiswell, R., and Canfield, D.E. (1998) Sources of iron for pyrite formation in marine sediments. American Journal of Science, 298, 219–245.10.2475/ajs.298.3.219Suche in Google Scholar

Raiswell, R., and Canfield, D.E. (2012) The iron biogeochemical cycle past and present. Geochemical Perspectives, 1, 1–220.10.7185/geochempersp.1.1Suche in Google Scholar

Raiswell, R., Newton, R., Bottrell, S.H., Coburn, P.M., Briggs, D.E., Bond, D.P., and Poulton, S.W. (2008) Turbidite depositional influences on the diagenesis of Beecher’s Trilobite Bed and the Hunsrück Slate; sites of soft tissue pyritization. American Journal of Science, 308, 105–129.10.2475/02.2008.01Suche in Google Scholar

Reynolds, R.C., DiStefano, M.P., and Lahann, R.W. (1992) Randomly interstratified serpentine/chlorite: Its detection and quantification by powder X-ray diffraction methods. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40, 262–262.10.1346/CCMN.1992.0400302Suche in Google Scholar

Rivard, C., Pelletier, M., Michau, N., Razafitianamaharavo, A., Bihannic, I., Abelmoula, M., Ghanbaja, J., and Villieras, F. (2013) Berthierine-like mineral formation and stability during the interaction of kaolinite with metallic iron at 90 °C under anoxic and oxic conditions. American Mineralogist, 98, 163–180.10.2138/am.2013.4073Suche in Google Scholar

Rivas-Sanchez, M.L., Alva-Valdivia, L.M., Arenas-Alatorre, J., Urrutia-Fucugauchi, M., Ruiz-Sandoval, M., and Ramos-Molina, M.A. (2006) Berthierine and chamosite hydrothermal: genetic guides in the Pena Colorada magnetite-bearing ore deposit, Mexico. Earth Planets Space, 58, 1389–1400.10.1186/BF03352635Suche in Google Scholar

Ryan, P.C., and Hillier, S. (2002) Berthierine/chamosite, corrensite, and discrete chlorite from evolved verdine and evaporate-associated facies in the Jurassic Sundance Formation, Wyoming. American Mineralogist, 87, 1607–1615.10.2138/am-2002-11-1210Suche in Google Scholar

Ryan, P.C., and Reynolds Jr., R.C. (1996) The origin and diagenesis of grain-coating serpentine-chlorite in Tuscaloosa Formation sandstone, U.S. Gulf Coast. American Mineralogist, 81, 213–225.10.2138/am-1996-1-226Suche in Google Scholar

Sheldon, N.D., and Retallack, G.J. (2002) Low oxygen levels in earliest Triassic soils. Geology, 30, 919–922.10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0919:LOLIET>2.0.CO;2Suche in Google Scholar

Sturesson, U. (2003) Lower Palaeozoic iron oolites and volcanism from a Baltoscandian perspective. Sedimentary Geology, 159, 241–256.10.1016/S0037-0738(02)00330-5Suche in Google Scholar

Su, W.B. (2016) Revision of the Mesoproterozoic chronostratigraphic subdivision both of North China and Yangtze Cratons and the relevant issues. Earth Science Frontiers, 23, 156–185.Suche in Google Scholar

Su, W.B., Zhang, S.H., Huff, W.D., Li, H.K., Ettensohn, F.R., Chen, X.Y., Yang, H.M., Han, Y.G., Song, B., and Santosh, M. (2008) SHRIMP U–Pb ages of K-bentonite beds in the Xiamaling Formation: implications for revised subdivision of the Meso- to Neoproterozoic history of the North China Craton. Gondwana Research, 14, 543–553.10.1016/j.gr.2008.04.007Suche in Google Scholar

Su, W.B., Li, H.K., Huff, W.D., Ettensohn, F.R., Zhang, S.H., Zhou, H.Y., and Wan, Y. S. (2010) SHRIMP U-Pb dating for a K-bentonite bed in the Tieling Formation, North China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 55, 3312–3323.10.1007/s11434-010-4007-5Suche in Google Scholar

Tang, D.J., Shi, X.Y., Liu, D.B., Lin, Y.T., Zhang, C.H., Song, G.Y., and Wu, J.J. (2015) Terminal Paleoproterozoic ooidal ironstone from North China: a sedimentary response to the initial breakup of Columbia supercontinent. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 40, 290–304.Suche in Google Scholar

Tang, D.J., Shi, X.Y., Wang, X.Q., and Jiang, G.Q. (2016) Extremely low oxygen concentration in mid-Proterozoic shallow seawaters. Precambrian Research, 276, 145–157.10.1016/j.precamres.2016.02.005Suche in Google Scholar

Tang, D.J., Shi, X.Y., Ma, J.B., Jiang, G.Q., Zhou, X.Q., and Shi, Q. (2017) Formation of shallow-water glaucony in weakly oxygenated Precambrian ocean: An example from the Mesoproterozoic Tieling Formation in North China. Precambrian Research, 294, 214–229.10.1016/j.precamres.2017.03.026Suche in Google Scholar

Taylor, K.G. (1990) Berthierine from the non-marine Wealden (Early Cretaceous) sediments of south-east England. Clay Minerals, 25, 391–399.10.1180/claymin.1990.025.3.13Suche in Google Scholar

Taylor, K.G., and Curtis, C.D. (1995) Stability and facies association of early diagenetic mineral assemblages: an example from a Jurassic iron stone-mudstone succession. U.K. Journal of Sedimentary Research, A., 65, 358–368.10.1306/D42680C2-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865DSuche in Google Scholar

Taylor, K.G., Simo, T.J.A., Yocum, D., and Leckie, D.A. (2002) Stratigraphic significance of ooidal ironstone from the Cretaceous western interior seaway: The Peace River Formation, Alberta, Canada, and the Castlegate Sandstone, Utah, U.S.A. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 72, 316–327.10.1306/060801720316Suche in Google Scholar

Tian, H., Zhang, J., Li, H.K., Su, W.B., Zhou, H.Y., Yang, L.G., Xiang, Z.Q., Geng, J.Z., Liu, H., Zhu, S.X., and Xu, Z.Q. (2015) Zircon LA-MC-ICPMS U–Pb dating of tuff from Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation in Jixian County of North China and its geological significance. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 36, 647–658.Suche in Google Scholar

Tribovillard, N., Algeo, T.J., Lyons, T., and Riboulleau, A. (2006) Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: an update. Chemical Geology, 232, 12–32.10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.02.012Suche in Google Scholar

Velde, B. (1995) Origin and Mineralogy of Clays: Clays and Environment, 334 p. Springer.10.1007/978-3-662-12648-6Suche in Google Scholar

Wang, H.Z., Chu, X.C., Liu, B.P., Hou, H.F., and Ma, L.F. (1985) Atlas of the Palaeogeography of China, 143 p. Cartographic Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese and English).Suche in Google Scholar

Wang, H.Z., Shi, X.Y., Wang, X.L., Yin, H.F., Qiao, X.F., Liu, B.P., Li, S.T., and Chen, J.Q. (2000) Research on the Sequence Stratigraphy of China, 457 p. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou (in Chinese).Suche in Google Scholar

Worden, R.H., and Morad, S. (2003) Clay minerals in sand stones: controls on formation, distribution and evolution. In R.H. Worden and S. Morad, Eds., Clay Mineral Cements in Sandstones, 34, 3–41. International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.Suche in Google Scholar

Young, T.P. and Taylor, W.E.G. (1989) Phanerozoic Ironstones, 251 p. Geological Society Special Publications, London.Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.C., Wang, X.M., Hammarlund, E.U., Wang, H.J., Costa, M.M., Bjerrum, C.J., Connelly, J.N., Zhang, B.M., Bian, L.Z., and Canfield, D.E. (2015) Orbital forcing of climate 1.4 billion years ago. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, E1406–E1413.10.1073/pnas.1502239112Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.C., Wang, X.M., Wang, H.J., Bjerrum, C.J., Hammarlund, E.U., Costa, M.M., Connelly, J.N., Zhang, B.M., Su, J., and Canfield, D.E. (2016) Sufficient oxygen for animal respiration 1,400 million years ago. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113, 1731–1736.10.1073/pnas.1523449113Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.H., Zhao, Y., Yang, Z.Y., He, Z.F., and Wu, H. (2009) The 1.35 Ga diabase sills from the Northern North China Craton: Implications for breakup of the Columbia (Nuna) supercontinent. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 288, 588–600.10.1016/j.epsl.2009.10.023Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.H., Zhao, Y., and Santosh, M. (2011) Mid-Mesoproterozoic bimodal magmatic rocks in the northern North China Craton: Implications for magmatism related to breakup of the Columbia supercontinent. Precambrian Research, 222, 339–367.10.1016/j.precamres.2011.06.003Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.H., Li, Z.X., Evans, D.A.D., Wu, H.C., Li, H.Y., and Dong, J. (2012) Pre-Rodinia supercontinent Nuna shaping up: A global synthesis with new paleomagnetic results from North China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 353, 145–155.10.1016/j.epsl.2012.07.034Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.H., Zhao, Y., Ye, H., Hu, J.M., and Wu, F. (2013) New constraints on ages of the Chuanlinggou and Tuanshanzi formations of the Changcheng System in the Yan-Liao area in the northern North China Craton. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 29, 2481–2490.Suche in Google Scholar

Zhang, S.H., Zhao, Y., Li, X., Ernst, R.E., and Yang, Z. (2017) The 1.33–1.30 Ga Yanliao large igneous province in the North China Craton: Implications for reconstruction of the Nuna (Columbia) supercontinent, and specifically with the North Australian Craton. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 465, 112–125.10.1016/j.epsl.2017.02.034Suche in Google Scholar

Zhao, G.C., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., and Li, S.Z. (2003) Assembly, accretion and breakup of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent: records in the North China Craton. Gondwana Research, 6, 417–434.10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70996-5Suche in Google Scholar

Zhao, G.C., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., and Li, S.Z. (2004) A Paleo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent: Assembly, growth and breakup. Earth-Science Reviews, 67, 91–123.10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.02.003Suche in Google Scholar

Zhao, G.C., Li, S.Z., Sun, M., and Wilde, S.A. (2011) Assembly, accretion, and breakup of the Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent: records in the North China Craton revisited. International Geology Review, 53, 1331–1356.10.1080/00206814.2010.527631Suche in Google Scholar

Zhao, L., Dai, S., Graham, I.T., and Wang, P. (2016) Clay mineralogy of coal-hosted Nb-Zr-REE-Ga mineralized beds from Late Permian Strata, Eastern Yunnan, SW China: Implications for paleotemperature and origin of the micro-quartz. Minerals, 6, 45, 10.3390/min6020045.Suche in Google Scholar

Zhou, H.R., Mei, M.X., Luo, Z.Q., and Xing, K. (2006) Sedimentary sequence and stratigraphic framework of the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou system in the Yanshan region, North China. Earth Science Frontiers, 13, 280–290 (in Chinese with English abstract).Suche in Google Scholar

Received: 2017-3-8
Accepted: 2017-7-7
Published Online: 2017-10-30
Published in Print: 2017-11-27

© 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  2. Rutile: A novel recorder of high-fo2 fluids in subduction zones
  3. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  4. Granites and rhyolites: Messages from Hong Kong, courtesy of zircon
  5. Review
  6. Do Fe-Ti-oxide magmas exist? Probably not!
  7. Special Collection: Biomaterials—Mineralogy Meets Medicine
  8. Calcium (Ti,Zr) hexaorthophosphate bioceramics for electrically stimulated biomedical implant devices: A position paper
  9. Special Collection: Water in Nominally Hydrous and Anhydrous Minerals
  10. Raman spectroscopy of water-rich stishovite and dense high-pressure silica up to 55 GPa
  12. Tracking the evolution of Late Mesozoic arc-related magmatic systems in Hong Kong using in-situ U-Pb dating and trace element analyses in zircon
  14. Defect contributions to the heat capacities and stabilities of some chain, ring, and sheet silicates, with implications for mantle minerals
  16. Phase transition in SiC from zinc-blende to rock-salt structure and implications for carbon-rich extrasolar planets
  18. Non-destructive, multi-method, internal analysis of multiple inclusions in a single diamond: First occurrence of mackinawite (Fe,Ni)1+xS
  20. The fate of ammonium in phengite at high temperature
  22. Parameterized lattice strain models for REE partitioning between amphibole and silicate melt
  24. Unusual replacement of Fe-Ti oxides by rutile during retrogression in amphibolite-hosted veins (Dabie UHP terrane): A mineralogical record of fluid-induced oxidation processes in exhumed UHP slabs
  26. Crystallization experiments in rhyolitic systems: The effect of temperature cycling and starting material on crystal size distribution
  28. Dolomite dissociation indicates ultra-deep (>150 km) subduction of a garnet-bearing dunite block (the Sulu UHP terrane)
  30. Microscopic strain in a grossular-pyrope solution anti-correlates with excess volume through local Mg-Ca cation arrangement, more strongly at high Ca/Mg ratio
  32. Ferruginous seawater facilitates the transformation of glauconite to chamosite: An example from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation of North China
  34. Charleshatchettite, CaNb4O10(OH)2·8H2O, a new mineral from Mont Saint-Hilaire, Québec, Canada: Description, crystal-structure determination, and origin
  36. New Mineral Names
  38. Erratum
  39. Book Review
  40. Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6136
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Glauconite; berthierine; chamosite; seawater redox conditions; Mesoproterozoic; Xiamaling formation

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  2. Rutile: A novel recorder of high-fo2 fluids in subduction zones
  3. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  4. Granites and rhyolites: Messages from Hong Kong, courtesy of zircon
  5. Review
  6. Do Fe-Ti-oxide magmas exist? Probably not!
  7. Special Collection: Biomaterials—Mineralogy Meets Medicine
  8. Calcium (Ti,Zr) hexaorthophosphate bioceramics for electrically stimulated biomedical implant devices: A position paper
  9. Special Collection: Water in Nominally Hydrous and Anhydrous Minerals
  10. Raman spectroscopy of water-rich stishovite and dense high-pressure silica up to 55 GPa
  12. Tracking the evolution of Late Mesozoic arc-related magmatic systems in Hong Kong using in-situ U-Pb dating and trace element analyses in zircon
  14. Defect contributions to the heat capacities and stabilities of some chain, ring, and sheet silicates, with implications for mantle minerals
  16. Phase transition in SiC from zinc-blende to rock-salt structure and implications for carbon-rich extrasolar planets
  18. Non-destructive, multi-method, internal analysis of multiple inclusions in a single diamond: First occurrence of mackinawite (Fe,Ni)1+xS
  20. The fate of ammonium in phengite at high temperature
  22. Parameterized lattice strain models for REE partitioning between amphibole and silicate melt
  24. Unusual replacement of Fe-Ti oxides by rutile during retrogression in amphibolite-hosted veins (Dabie UHP terrane): A mineralogical record of fluid-induced oxidation processes in exhumed UHP slabs
  26. Crystallization experiments in rhyolitic systems: The effect of temperature cycling and starting material on crystal size distribution
  28. Dolomite dissociation indicates ultra-deep (>150 km) subduction of a garnet-bearing dunite block (the Sulu UHP terrane)
  30. Microscopic strain in a grossular-pyrope solution anti-correlates with excess volume through local Mg-Ca cation arrangement, more strongly at high Ca/Mg ratio
  32. Ferruginous seawater facilitates the transformation of glauconite to chamosite: An example from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation of North China
  34. Charleshatchettite, CaNb4O10(OH)2·8H2O, a new mineral from Mont Saint-Hilaire, Québec, Canada: Description, crystal-structure determination, and origin
  36. New Mineral Names
  38. Erratum
  39. Book Review
  40. Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 30.12.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6136/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen