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A comparison of olivine-melt thermometers based on DMg and DNi: The effects of melt composition, temperature, and pressure with applications to MORBs and hydrous arc basalts

  • Xiaofei Pu EMAIL logo , Rebecca A. Lange and Gordon Moore
Published/Copyright: April 3, 2017
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 102 Issue 4

Abstract

A new olivine-melt thermometer based on the partitioning of Ni ( DNiOl/liq ), with a form similar to the Beattie (1993)DMgOl/liq thermometer, is presented in this study. It is calibrated on a data set of 123 olivine-melt equilibrium experiments from 16 studies in the literature that pass the following five filters: (1) 1 bar only, (2) analyzed totals between 99.0–101.0 wt% for olivine and 98.5–101.0 wt% for quenched glasses, (3) olivine is the only silicate phase in equilibrium with the melt, (4) the NiO concentration is ≥0.1 wt% in olivine and ≥0.01 wt% in quenched glass, and (5) no metallic phase is present other than the capsule. The final data set spans a wide range of temperatures (1170–1650 °C), liquid compositions (37–66 wt% SiO2; 4–40 wt% MgO; 107–11 087 ppm Ni), and olivine compositions (Fo36-100; 0.10–15.7 wt% NiO). The Ni-thermometer recovers the 123 experimental temperatures within ±29 °C (1σ), with an average residual of 0 °C. A re-fitted version of the Mg-thermometer of Beattie (1993), calibrated on the same 123 experiments as for the Ni-thermometer, results in an average residual of 1 ± 26 °C (1σ). When both thermometers are applied to the same 123 experiments, the average ΔT (TMg – TNi) is 1 ± 29 °C (1σ), which confirms that the Mg- and Ni-thermometers perform equally well over a wide range of anhydrous melt composition and temperature at 1 bar. The pressure dependence of the Ni-thermometer under crustal conditions (≤1 GPa) is shown to be negligible through comparison with experimental results from Matzen et al. (2013), whereas the pressure dependence of the Mg-thermometer is up to 52 °C at ≤1 GPa (Herzberg and O’Hara 2002). Therefore, neglecting the effect of pressure when applying both thermometers to basalts that crystallized olivine at crustal depths (≤1 GPa) is expected to lead to negative ΔT (TMg – TNi) values (≤ –52 °C). Application of the two thermometers to nine mid-ocean ridge basalts results in an average ΔT of –3°, consistent with shallow crystallization of olivine under nearly anhydrous conditions. In contrast, application of the two thermometers to 18 subduction-zone basalts leads to an average ΔT of +112°; this large positive ΔT value cannot be explained by the effect of pressure, temperature or anhydrous melt composition. It is well documented in the literature that DMgOl/liq is affected by dissolved water in the melt and that Mg-thermometers overestimate the temperature of hydrous basalts if an H2O correction is not applied (e.g., Putirka et al. 2007). Therefore, the reason why hydrous arc basalts have higher ΔT (TMg – TNi) values than MORBs may be because DNiOl/liq is less sensitivite to water in the melt, which is supported by new Ni-partitioning results on three olivine-melt equilibrium experiments on a basaltic andesite with up to 5 wt% H2O. More hydrous experiments are needed to confirm that the Ni-thermometer can be applied to hydrous melts without a correction for H2O in the melt.

Keywords: Ni partitioning; thermometry; olivine; subduction zone magma; H2O

Special collection papers can be found online at http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/special-collections.html.

Note added to proof

An additional test of whether the whole-rock compositions in Table 6 represent liquid compositions and whether the most Mgrich olivine in each sample closely approximates the first olivine to crystallize from each liquid is made using the MELTS software (Ghiroso and Sack 1995; Asimow et al. 2001). The results show strong agreement and details are given in Appendix N1.

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by National Science Foundation grant (EAR-1551344). We thank Adam Kent, Richard Bradshaw, and Andy Ungerer for their help with the LA-ICP-MS analysis at Oregon State University. Thoughtful and constructive reviews by C. Li, A.K. Matzen, and M. Garcia significantly improved this paper.

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Received: 2016-6-7
Accepted: 2016-11-21
Published Online: 2017-4-3
Published in Print: 2017-4-1

© 2017 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Review: Minerals in the Human Body
  2. Mineral precipitation and dissolution in the kidney
  3. Special Collection: Nanominerals and Mineral Nanoparticles
  4. Luogufengite: A new nano-mineral of Fe2O3 polymorph with giant coercive field
  5. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  6. Column anion arrangements in chemically zoned ternary chlorapatite and fluorapatite from Kurokura, Japan
  7. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  8. Magmatic graphite inclusions in Mn-Fe-rich fluorapatite of perphosphorus granites (the Belvís pluton, Variscan Iberian Belt)
  9. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  10. Barometric constraints based on apatite inclusions in garnet
  11. Special collection: Olivine
  12. A comparison of olivine-melt thermometers based on DMg and DNi: The effects of melt composition, temperature, and pressure with applications to MORBs and hydrous arc basalts
  13. Special collection: Dynamics of magmatic processes
  14. Water transfer during magma mixing events: Insights into crystal mush rejuvenation and melt extraction processes
  15. Special collection: Rates and depths of magma ascent on earth
  16. A new clinopyroxene-liquid barometer, and implications for magma storage pressures under Icelandic rift zones
  18. The S content of silicate melts at sulfide saturation: New experiments and a model incorporating the effects of sulfide composition
  20. Bond valence and bond energy
  22. Fluvial transport of impact evidence from cratonic interior to passive margin: Vredefort-derived shocked zircon on the Atlantic coast of South Africa
  24. Iron partitioning in natural lower-mantle minerals: Toward a chemically heterogeneous lower mantle
  26. Identifying biogenic silica: Mudrock micro-fabric explored through charge contrast imaging
  28. Compressibility and high-pressure structural behavior of Mg2Fe2O5
  30. Thermo-elastic behavior of grossular garnet at high pressures and temperatures
  32. Experimental constraints on the stability of baddeleyite and zircon in carbonate- and silicate-carbonate melts
  34. Polarized FTIR spectroscopic examination on hydroxylation in the minerals of the wolframite group, (Fe,Mn,Mg)[W,(Nb,Ta)][O,(OH)]4
  36. Tourmaline-rich features in the Heemskirk and Pieman Heads granites from western Tasmania, Australia: Characteristics, origins, and implications for tin mineralization
  38. Ca L2,3-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure of tricalcium aluminate, gypsum, and calcium (sulfo)aluminate hydrates
  40. Fluorwavellite, Al3(PO4)2(OH)2F·5H2O, the fluorine analog of wavellite
  42. New Mineral Names
  43. Book Review
  44. Book Review: Geochemical Rate Models: An Introduction to Geochemical Kinetics
  45. Book Review
  46. Book Review: Oxygen: A Four Billion Year History
  47. Erratum
  48. Calibration of Fe XANES for high-precision determination of Fe oxidation state in glasses: Comparison of new and existing results obtained at different synchrotron radiation sources
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-5879
Keywords for this article
Ni partitioning; thermometry; olivine; subduction zone magma; H2O

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Review: Minerals in the Human Body
  2. Mineral precipitation and dissolution in the kidney
  3. Special Collection: Nanominerals and Mineral Nanoparticles
  4. Luogufengite: A new nano-mineral of Fe2O3 polymorph with giant coercive field
  5. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  6. Column anion arrangements in chemically zoned ternary chlorapatite and fluorapatite from Kurokura, Japan
  7. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  8. Magmatic graphite inclusions in Mn-Fe-rich fluorapatite of perphosphorus granites (the Belvís pluton, Variscan Iberian Belt)
  9. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  10. Barometric constraints based on apatite inclusions in garnet
  11. Special collection: Olivine
  12. A comparison of olivine-melt thermometers based on DMg and DNi: The effects of melt composition, temperature, and pressure with applications to MORBs and hydrous arc basalts
  13. Special collection: Dynamics of magmatic processes
  14. Water transfer during magma mixing events: Insights into crystal mush rejuvenation and melt extraction processes
  15. Special collection: Rates and depths of magma ascent on earth
  16. A new clinopyroxene-liquid barometer, and implications for magma storage pressures under Icelandic rift zones
  18. The S content of silicate melts at sulfide saturation: New experiments and a model incorporating the effects of sulfide composition
  20. Bond valence and bond energy
  22. Fluvial transport of impact evidence from cratonic interior to passive margin: Vredefort-derived shocked zircon on the Atlantic coast of South Africa
  24. Iron partitioning in natural lower-mantle minerals: Toward a chemically heterogeneous lower mantle
  26. Identifying biogenic silica: Mudrock micro-fabric explored through charge contrast imaging
  28. Compressibility and high-pressure structural behavior of Mg2Fe2O5
  30. Thermo-elastic behavior of grossular garnet at high pressures and temperatures
  32. Experimental constraints on the stability of baddeleyite and zircon in carbonate- and silicate-carbonate melts
  34. Polarized FTIR spectroscopic examination on hydroxylation in the minerals of the wolframite group, (Fe,Mn,Mg)[W,(Nb,Ta)][O,(OH)]4
  36. Tourmaline-rich features in the Heemskirk and Pieman Heads granites from western Tasmania, Australia: Characteristics, origins, and implications for tin mineralization
  38. Ca L2,3-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure of tricalcium aluminate, gypsum, and calcium (sulfo)aluminate hydrates
  40. Fluorwavellite, Al3(PO4)2(OH)2F·5H2O, the fluorine analog of wavellite
  42. New Mineral Names
  43. Book Review
  44. Book Review: Geochemical Rate Models: An Introduction to Geochemical Kinetics
  45. Book Review
  46. Book Review: Oxygen: A Four Billion Year History
  47. Erratum
  48. Calibration of Fe XANES for high-precision determination of Fe oxidation state in glasses: Comparison of new and existing results obtained at different synchrotron radiation sources
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