Startseite Ideal wollastonite and the structural relationship between the pyroxenoids and pyroxenes
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Ideal wollastonite and the structural relationship between the pyroxenoids and pyroxenes

  • Richard M. Thompson EMAIL logo , Hexiong Yang und Robert T. Downs
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 29. Oktober 2016
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American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 101 Heft 11

Abstract

A hypothetical ideal wollastonite with regular octahedra and T3 tetrahedron is presented and used to compare and contrast the pyroxenes and pyroxenoids. While clinopyroxenes have close-packed arrangements of oxygen anions, several lines of evidence demonstrate that pyroxenoids do not. One such line is the number of tetrahedra in a single tetrahedral chain per octahedra in a single associated octahedral chain (interior to the octahedral band), referred to as the “single-chain T:O ratio,” which is 1:1 in pyroxenes but 3:2 in wollastonite and always greater than 1:1 in other MSiO3 pyroxenoids. Because the Si-tetrahedron is extremely resistant to distortion, this forces marked distortion in at least one pyroxenoid octahedral site.

The octahedral layers in pyroxenes and pyroxenoids are compared by placing them in the context of a fully occupied, closest-packed sheet of idealized octahedra, and it is shown that they are fundamentally different.

The new mineral yangite is analyzed from the perspective developed in this study. It is structurally similar to the pyroxenoids, but the structure is a new type because it contains double tetrahedral chains and mixed polyhedral layers containing double chains of tetrahedra and bands of octahedra of width two. The tetrahedral chains are wollastonite-type chains and the wollastonite-type double chain is shown to have important differences from the amphibole double chain. A possible explanation for the existence of this crystal structure based on a hydrogen bond between Pb and O is presented.

Keywords: Clinopyroxene; pyroxenoid; chain silicate; yangite; wollastonite; diopside; close-packing

Acknowledgments

We thank an anonymous reviewer, Fernando Cámara, and associate editor Fernando Colombo, whose comments greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. We particularly appreciate F. Cámara’s extensive edit and the time it must have required.

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Published Online: 2016-10-29
Published in Print: 2016-11-1

© 2016 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5683
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Clinopyroxene; pyroxenoid; chain silicate; yangite; wollastonite; diopside; close-packing

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  2. Melts, mush, and more: Evidence for the state of intermediate-to-silicic arc magmatic systems
  3. Investigating petrologic indicators of magmatic processes in volcanic rocks
  4. Nucleation rates of spherulites in natural rhyolitic lava
  5. Review
  6. Silicic magma reservoirs in the Earth’s crust
  7. Special Collection: New Advances in Subduction Zone Magma Genesis
  8. Petrogenesis of antecryst-bearing arc basalts from the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Insights into along-arc variations in magma-mush ponding depths, H2O contents, and surface heat flux
  9. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  10. Wayneburnhamite, Pb9Ca6(Si2O7)3(SiO4)3, an apatite polysome: The Mn-free analog of ganomalite from Crestmore, California
  11. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  12. U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating of apatite in mafic rocks: Evidence for a major magmatic event at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in the Armorican Massif (France)
  13. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  14. Quantification of CO2 concentration in apatite
  15. Special Collection: Apatite: a Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  16. Phosphate minerals in the H group of ordinary chondrites, and fluid activity recorded by apatite heterogeneity in the Zag H3-6 regolith breccia
  17. Special Collection: Apatite: A Common Mineral, Uncommonly Versatile
  18. In situ elemental and isotopic analysis of fluorapatite from the Taocun magnetite-apatite deposit, Eastern China: Constraints on fluid metasomatism
  19. Special Collection: Geology and Geobiology of Lassen Volcanic National Park
  20. Acido-thermotolerant fungi from Boiling Springs Lake, LVNP: Potential for lignocellulosic biofuels
  21. Research Article
  22. Solid solution along the synthetic LiAISi2O6-LiFeSi2O6 (spodumene-ferri-spodumene) join: A general picture of solid solutions, bond lengths, lattice strains, steric effects, symmetries, and chemical compositions of Li clinopyroxenes
  23. Research Article
  24. Formation of hydrous stishovite from coesite in high-pressure hydrothermal environments
  25. Research Article
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  27. Research Article
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  40. Book Review: Highly Siderophile and Strongly Chalcophile Elements in High-Temperature Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, RIMG Volume 81
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