Startseite Esperance: Multiple episodes of aqueous alteration involving fracture fills and coatings at Matijevic Hill, Mars
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Esperance: Multiple episodes of aqueous alteration involving fracture fills and coatings at Matijevic Hill, Mars

  • Benton C. Clark EMAIL logo , Richard V. Morris , Kenneth E. Herkenhoff , William H. Farrand , Ralf Gellert , Bradley L. Jolliff , Raymond E. Arvidson , Steven W. Squyres , David W. Mittlefehldt , Douglas W. Ming und Albert S. Yen
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 7. Juli 2016
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American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 101 Heft 7

Abstract

In the search for evidence of past aqueous activity by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, fracture-filling veins and rock coatings are prime candidates for exploration. At one location within a segment of remaining rim material surrounding Endeavour Crater, a set of “boxwork” fractures in an outcrop called Esperance are filled by a bright, hydrated, and highly siliceous (SiO2 ~ 66 wt%) material, which has overall a montmorillonite-like chemical composition. This material is partially covered by patches of a thin, dark coating that is sulfate-rich (SO3 ~ 21 wt%) but also contains significant levels of Si, Fe, Ca, and Mg. The simultaneous presence of abundant S, Si, and Fe indicates significant mineralogical complexity within the coating. This combination of vein and coating compositions is unlike previous analyses on Mars. Both materials are heterogeneously eroded, presumably by eolian abrasion. The evidence indicates at least two separate episodes of solute precipitation from aqueous fluids at this location, possibly widely separated in time. In addition to the implications for multiple episodes of alteration at the surface of the planet, aqueous chemical environments such as these would have been habitable at the time of their formation and are also favorable for preservation of organic material.

Keywords: Mars; aqueous; water; geochemistry; vein; coating; montmorillonite; smectite; phyllosilicate; sulfate; habitability; organics

Special collection papers can be found online at http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/special-collections.html.

Acknowledgments

Digital data not presented in numerical form in this paper can be accessed through the NASA Planetary Data System Geosciences Node (http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/). We are indebted to NASA for their support, including the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the many engineers and supporting scientists who have enabled continuation of the highly productive mission and discoveries of the MER Opportunity rover. Early recognition of the potential importance of the boxwork was championed by S.W. Ruff, and we thank him also for comments on an early draft of the manuscript. Bonnie Redding provided invaluable assistance in preparation of numerous products from MI images.

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Received: 2015-10-1
Accepted: 2016-2-16
Published Online: 2016-7-7
Published in Print: 2016-7-1

© 2016 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5575
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Mars; aqueous; water; geochemistry; vein; coating; montmorillonite; smectite; phyllosilicate; sulfate; habitability; organics

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  2. New evidence for lunar basalt metasomatism by underlying regolith
  3. Highlights and Breakthroughs
  4. Alunite on Mars
  5. Special collection: martian rocks and minerals: perspectives from rovers, orbiters, and meteorites
  6. Constraints on iron sulfate and iron oxide mineralogy from ChemCam visible/near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy of Mt. Sharp basal units, Gale Crater, Mars
  7. Special collection: martian rocks and minerals: perspectives from rovers, orbiters, and meteorites
  8. Esperance: Multiple episodes of aqueous alteration involving fracture fills and coatings at Matijevic Hill, Mars
  9. Special collection: Martian rocks and minerals: perspectives from rovers, orbiters, and meteorites
  10. Discovery of alunite in cross crater, terra sirenum, mars: evidence for acidic, sulfurous waters
  11. Special collection: perspectives on origins and evolution of crustal magmas
  12. Granitoid magmas preserved as melt inclusions in high-grade metamorphic rocks
  13. Chemistry and mineralogy of earth’s mantle
  14. Incorporation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in bridgmanite during magma ocean crystallization
  15. Special collection: mechanisms, rates, and timescales of geochemical transport processes in the crust and mantle
  16. Hydrogen diffusion in Ti-doped forsterite and the preservation of metastable point defects
  17. Crossroads in earth and planetary materials
  18. Mineralogy of paloverde (parkinsonia microphylla) tree ash from the sonoran desert: a combined field and laboratory study
  19. Research Article
  20. D-poor hydrogen in lunar mare basalts assimilated from lunar regolith
  21. Research Article
  22. Mineral chemistry and petrogenesis of a HFSE(+HREE) occurrence, peripheral to carbonatites of the Bear Lodge alkaline complex, Wyoming
  23. Research Article
  24. Formation of the lunar highlands Mg-suite as told by spinel
  25. Research Article
  26. Vaterite: interpretation in terms of OD theory and its next of kin
  27. Research Article
  28. Metastable structural transformations and pressure-induced amorphization in natural (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 olivine under static compression: a raman spectroscopic study
  29. Research Article
  30. High-pressure compressibility and thermal expansion of aragonite
  31. Research Article
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  33. Research Article
  34. Interstratification of graphene-like carbon layers within black talc from Southeastern China: Implications to sedimentary talc formation
  35. Research Article
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  41. Letter
  42. Discreditation of diomignite and its petrologic implications
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  44. Accurate determination of ferric iron in garnets
  45. Erratum
  46. Accurate determination of ferric iron in garnets by bulk Mössbauer and synchrotron micro-XANES spectroscopies
  47. New Mineral Names
  48. New Mineral Names
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