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Synthesis of doped metal sulfide nanoparticles and their graphene reinforced nanohybrid for Pb(II) detection

  • Ghulam Nazik , Muhammad Aadil EMAIL logo , Sonia Zulfiqar , Warda Hassan , Abdur Rahman , Sobhy M. Ibrahim , Khalida Naseem , Tahir Ali Sheikh and Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: July 12, 2023
Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie
From the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie Volume 237 Issue 8

Abstract

This paper explores different techniques to combine and improve the electrochemical sensing activities of the transition metal chalcogenide. The transition metal chalcogenide was doped with a suitable dopant to tune the band structure. Surface-assisted nanotechnology was used to enrich the superficial properties of the doped material. Lastly, the nanostructured doped materials were physically mixed with the graphene nanoplates (GNPs) to improve the flow of charges and the stability of the electrochemistry. The most electrically conductive and common metal sulfides in nature were chosen and prepared using a cheap and easy wet-route method. Crystal structure, chemical functionality, texture, composition, and thermal stability of undoped, doped, and composite materials were determined using physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and TGA. N2-adsorption-desorption, current-voltage, and impedance studies show that the composite sample’s surface area, electrical conductivity, and charge transport properties are superior to those of the undoped and doped samples. Regarding electrochemical applications, the composite material supported a glassy carbon electrode (Co–Cu2S/Gr@GCE) with excellent Pb(II) ion sensing activity. Moreover, the sensitivity, detection, and quantification limits of the modified electrode for Pb(II) detection were computed to be 88.68 μAμMcm−2, 0.091 μM, and 0.30 μM, respectively. The key features developed in the metal sulfide for its enhancement of electrochemical sensing activity are a high surface area, good conductivity, and fast electron transport by adopting nanotechnology, metal doping, and composite formation methodologies. Based on the results of the experiments, we can say that using multiple inputs to integrate the feature we want is an excellent way to make electrochemical systems for the next generation.

Keywords: Co–Cu2S; electrochemical sensor; graphene nanoplates: nanocomposite; ultra-sonication
Corresponding authors: Muhammad Aadil, Department of Chemistry, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan, E-mail: ; and Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2023R100), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The authors are thankful to the Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, and Department of Chemistry, Rahim Yar Khan-Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur and Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan. Prof. Dr. Sonia Zulfiqar is highly thankful for the support provided by the Statutory City of Ostrava, Czechia through Research Grant “Global Experts”.

  1. Author contributions: Ghulam Nazik: Experimental work. Sonia Zulfiqar: Methodology, Formal analysis, Review and Editing. Warda Hassan: Writing- original draft. Abdur Rahman: Electrochemical investigations. Sobhy Ibrahim: Structural studies, formal analysis and reviewing. Khalida Naseem: Scietific correction and Conceptualization. Tahir Ali Sheikh: Proof reading, scientific analysis and editing. Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar: Designed the whole project/Supervised. Muhammad Aadil: Co-supervised the work.

  2. Research funding: This work was supported by Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2023R100), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests.

  4. Consent for publication: All authors have read and approved this manuscript.

  5. Consent to participate: Not applicable.

  6. Ethical approval: Research does not involve Human Participants or/and Animals.

  7. Data availability: Data will be available on reasonable request.

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Received: 2023-05-05
Accepted: 2023-06-25
Published Online: 2023-07-12
Published in Print: 2023-08-28

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  2. Review Article
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  4. Original Papers
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https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2023-0252
Keywords for this article
Co–Cu2S; electrochemical sensor; graphene nanoplates: nanocomposite; ultra-sonication

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review Article
  3. GO-Ag-NPs as a promising agent for biomedical, catalytic, electrochemical detection and water treatment technologies; a comprehensive review
  4. Original Papers
  5. Role of the thermal regime in the defect formation of zinc oxide nanostructures prepared by the thermal decomposition process
  6. Facile synthesis of a ZnO/Fe2O3 heterostructure and its graphene-reinforced composite for boosting the photo-mineralization of crystal violet and phenol
  7. Desulfurization of coal using SnO2/TiO2 nanocomposite immobilized on glass beads under solar light irradiation
  8. Photocatalytic degradation of dyes in aqueous media by gum shellac stabilized selenium nanoparticles
  9. Eco-friendly extraction of cellulose from Ailanthus altissima for nanocellulose production: physico-chemical properties
  10. Inquisition of micellar and surface active properties of gemini surfactants in the presence of a dipeptide
  11. Investigating adsorptive potential of Raphanus caudatus leaves biomass for methyl orange dye: isotherm and kinetic study
  12. Thienylpicolinamidine derivatives as new dissolution inhibitors for carbon steels in HCl medium: experimental and theoretical studies
  13. Extraction and characterization of novel cellulose nanocrystals from Artemisia scoparia straw and their application in hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) films
  14. Synthesis of doped metal sulfide nanoparticles and their graphene reinforced nanohybrid for Pb(II) detection
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