Home Calculating Endogenous and Exogenous Exergy Destruction for an Experimental Turbojet Engine
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Calculating Endogenous and Exogenous Exergy Destruction for an Experimental Turbojet Engine

  • Selcuk Ekici EMAIL logo , İlkay Orhan , Yasin Şöhret , Önder Altuntaş and T. Hikmet Karakoç
Published/Copyright: March 30, 2019
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

Thermodynamic analysis that provides the status and amount of irreversibility is a powerful tool to determine performance parameters of energy conversion systems. However, specifying the location and amount of irreversibility of a system or component does not reveal the full extent of the relationship of the irreversibility between component-component/component-system. Therefore, splitting the exergy destruction into endogenous and exogenous parts provides detailed information on the relationship of the irreversibility between component-component/component-system. The purpose of this paper is to identify the endogenous and exogenous parts of exergy destruction of an experimental turbojet engine (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Turbojet – UAVT). Test data used for exergy analysis were evaluated at the maximum load of the experimental turbojet engine which consisted of a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine. As a result of the endogenous and exogenous parts of the exergy destruction, the majority of the total exergy destruction (15.1416 kW) was calculated as the endogenous part of exergy destruction (13.5473 kW), and the exogenous exergy destruction rate was calculated to be 1.5943 kW in the compressor component of the turbojet engine. In this study, the endogenous and exogenous exergy destruction amounts of other components are also presented in details.

Nomenclature

m ˙

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

Q ˙

Heat transfer rate (kW)

W ˙

Work done per unit time (kW)

h

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

s

Entropy (kJ/kg-K)

V

Velocity (m/s)

g

Gravitational acceleration (m/s2)

E x

Exergy (kW)

T

Temperature

c

Specific heat at constant pressure (kJ/kg-K)

R

Gas constant

P

Pressure

Superscript
PH

Physical

CH

Chemical

KN

Kinetic

PT

Potential

EN

Endogenous

EX

Exogenous

mexo

Mexogenous

1,2 … 0.4,5

Station numbering of components

Subscript
F

Fuel

P

Product

des

Destruction

in

Inlet

out

Outlet

k

k-th component

Greek letters
η

Efficiency

Acronyms
AC

Air compressor

AEN

Advanced exergy analysis

CC

Combustion chamber

GT

Gas turbine

UAVT

Unmanned aerial vehicle turbojet

LHV

Lower heating value (kJ/kg)

Acknowledgements

This study was conducted within the framework of the project entitled “Advanced Exergy Analysis for a Small Scale Turbojet/Turboprop Engine” funded by the Anadolu University under contract number of 1407F357. Authors greatly appreciate the support of the Anadolu University.

References

1. Zheng J, Sun F, Chen L, Wu C. Exergy analysis for a Braysson cycle. Exergy An Int J. 2001;1:41–5.10.1016/S1164-0235(01)00008-5Search in Google Scholar

2. Dincer I. The role of exergy in energy policy making. Energy Policy. 2002;30:137–49.10.1016/S0301-4215(01)00079-9Search in Google Scholar

3. Moran M, Sciubba E. Exergy analysis: principles and practice. J Eng Gas Turbines Power. 1994;116:285.10.1115/1.2906818Search in Google Scholar

4. Bejan A, Siems D. The need for exergy analysis and thermodynamic optimization in aircraft development. Exergy An Int J. 2001;1:14–24.10.1016/S1164-0235(01)00005-XSearch in Google Scholar

5. Rosen M, Etele J. Aerospace systems and exergy analysis: applications and methodology development needs. Int J Exergy. 2004;1:411.10.1504/IJEX.2004.005786Search in Google Scholar

6. Pellegrini LF, Gandolfi R, Silva G, de Oliveira Jr, S. Exergy analysis as a tool to decision making in aircraft design, 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2007.10.2514/6.2007-1396Search in Google Scholar

7. Mishra S. Energy and exergy analysis of air-film cooled gas turbine cycle: effect of radiative heat transfer on blade coolant requirement. Appl Therm Eng. 2018;129:1403–13.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.10.128Search in Google Scholar

8. Sue D, Chuang C. Engineering design and exergy analyses for combustion gas turbine based power generation system. Energy. 2004;29:1183–205.10.1016/j.energy.2004.02.027Search in Google Scholar

9. Colpan C, Yesin T. Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic comparison of combined cycle cogeneration systems. Int J Exergy. 2006;3:272.10.1504/IJEX.2006.009797Search in Google Scholar

10. Yoru Y, Karakoc T, Hepbasli A. Dynamic energy and exergy analyses of an industrial cogeneration system. Int J Energy Res. 2009;34:345–56.10.1002/er.1561Search in Google Scholar

11. Ahmadi P, Dincer I, Rosen M. Exergy, exergoeconomic and environmental analyses and evolutionary algorithm based multi-objective optimization of combined cycle power plants. Energy. 2011;36:5886–98.10.1016/j.energy.2011.08.034Search in Google Scholar

12. Zhang Z, Chen L, Sun F. Energy performance optimization of combined Brayton and two parallel inverse Brayton cycles with regeneration before the inverse cycles. Scientia Iranica. 2012;19:1279–87.10.1016/j.scient.2012.07.009Search in Google Scholar

13. Basrawi F, Yamada T, Obara S. Theoretical analysis of performance of a micro gas turbine co/trigeneration system for residential buildings in a tropical region. Energy Build. 2013;67:108–17.10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.08.017Search in Google Scholar

14. Bazzo E, Nacif de Carvalho A, Matelli J. Experimental results and thermodynamic analysis of a natural gas small scale cogeneration plant for power and refrigeration purposes. Appl Therm Eng. 2013;58:264–72.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.04.041Search in Google Scholar

15. Nikpey H, Assadi M, Breuhaus P, Mørkved P. Experimental evaluation and ANN modeling of a recuperative micro gas turbine burning mixtures of natural gas and biogas. Appl Energy. 2014;117:30–41.10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.074Search in Google Scholar

16. Chen Q, Han W, Zheng J, Sui J, Jin H. The exergy and energy level analysis of a combined cooling, heating and power system driven by a small scale gas turbine at off design condition. Appl Therm Eng. 2014;66:590–602.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.02.066Search in Google Scholar

17. Mamaghani A, Najafi B, Shirazi A, Rinaldi F. Exergetic, economic, and environmental evaluations and multi-objective optimization of a combined molten carbonate fuel cell-gas turbine system. Appl Therm Eng. 2015;77:1–11.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.12.016Search in Google Scholar

18. Toja-Silva F, Rovira A. A first and second thermodynamics law analysis of a hydrogen-fueled microgas turbine for combined heat and power generation. J Eng Gas Turbines Power. 2013;136:021501.10.1115/1.4025321Search in Google Scholar

19. Khaljani M, Khoshbakhti Saray R, Bahlouli K. Comprehensive analysis of energy, exergy and exergo-economic of cogeneration of heat and power in a combined gas turbine and organic Rankine cycle. Energy Convers Manage. 2015;97:154–65.10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.067Search in Google Scholar

20. Ersayin E, Ozgener L. Performance analysis of combined cycle power plants: a case study. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2015;43:832–42.10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.082Search in Google Scholar

21. Turan O. Effect of reference altitudes for a turbofan engine with the aid of specific-exergy based method. Int J Exergy. 2012;11:252.10.1504/IJEX.2012.049738Search in Google Scholar

22. Turan O. Exergetic effects of some design parameters on the small turbojet engine for unmanned air vehicle applications. Energy. 2012;46:51–61.10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.030Search in Google Scholar

23. Aydın H, Turan Ö, Karakoç T, Midilli A. Exergo-sustainability indicators of a turboprop aircraft for the phases of a flight. Energy. 2013;58:550–60.10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.076Search in Google Scholar

24. Grönstedt T, Irannezhad M, Lei X, Thulin O, Lundbladh A. First and second law analysis of future aircraft engines. J Eng Gas Turbines Power. 2013;136:031202.10.1115/GT2013-95516Search in Google Scholar

25. Atılgan R, Turan Ö, Altuntaş Ö, Aydın H, Synylo K. Environmental impact assessment of a turboprop engine with the aid of exergy. Energy. 2013;58:664–71.10.1016/j.energy.2013.05.064Search in Google Scholar

26. Aydın H, Turan O, Karakoc T, Midilli A. Sustainability assessment of PW6000 turbofan engine: an exergetic approach. Int J Exergy. 2014;14:388.10.1504/IJEX.2014.061025Search in Google Scholar

27. Tai V, See P, Mares C. Optimisation of energy and exergy of turbofan engines using genetic algorithms. Int J Sustainable Aviat. 2014;1:25.10.1504/IJSA.2014.062866Search in Google Scholar

28. Bastani M, Jafari R, Ghasemi H. Exergy analysis of an aircraft turbojet engine. Int J Eng Sci Res Technol. 2015;4:380.Search in Google Scholar

29. Aydin H, Turan O, Karakoc T, Midilli A. exergetic sustainability indicators as a tool in commercial aircraft: a case study for a turbofan engine. Int J Green Energy. 2014;12:28–40.10.1080/15435075.2014.889004Search in Google Scholar

30. Baklacioglu T, Turan O, Aydin H. Dynamic modeling of exergy efficiency of turboprop engine components using hybrid genetic algorithm-artificial neural networks. Energy. 2015;86:709–21.10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.025Search in Google Scholar

31. Turan O. An exergy way to quantify sustainability metrics for a high bypass turbofan engine. Energy. 2015;86:722–36.10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.026Search in Google Scholar

32. Kaya N, Turan Ö, Karakoç T, Midilli A. Parametric study of exergetic sustainability performances of a high altitude long endurance unmanned air vehicle using hydrogen fuel. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2016;41:8323–36.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.09.007Search in Google Scholar

33. Şöhret Y, Dinç A, Karakoç T. Exergy analysis of a turbofan engine for an unmanned aerial vehicle during a surveillance mission. Energy. 2015;93:716–29.10.1016/j.energy.2015.09.081Search in Google Scholar

34. Tsatsaronis G, Morosuk T. Advanced exergetic analysis of a novel system for generating electricity and vaporizing liquefied natural gas. Energy. 2010;35:820–9.10.1016/j.energy.2009.08.019Search in Google Scholar

35. Tsatsaronis G, Morosuk T. Advanced exergetic analysis of a refrigeration system for liquefaction of natural gas. Int J Energy Environ Eng. 2010;1:1–17.Search in Google Scholar

36. Morosuk T, Tsatsaronis G. Comparative evaluation of LNG – based cogeneration systems using advanced exergetic analysis. Energy. 2011;36:3771–8.10.1016/j.energy.2010.07.035Search in Google Scholar

37. Morosuk T, Tsatsaronis G, Boyano A, Gantiva C. Advanced exergy-based analyses applied to a system including LNG regasification and electricity generation. Int J Energy Environ Eng. 2012;2:1–9.10.1186/2251-6832-2-1Search in Google Scholar

38. Petrakopoulou F, Tsatsaronis G, Morosuk T, Carassai A. Conventional and advanced exergetic analyses applied to a combined cycle power plant. Energy. 2012;41:146–52.10.1016/j.energy.2011.05.028Search in Google Scholar

39. Erbay Z, Hepbasli A. Advanced exergy analysis of a heat pump drying system used in food drying. Drying Technol. 2013;31:802–10.10.1080/07373937.2012.763044Search in Google Scholar

40. Soltani S, Yari M, Mahmoudi S, Morosuk T, Rosen M. Advanced exergy analysis applied to an externally-fired combined-cycle power plant integrated with a biomass gasification unit. Energy. 2013;59:775–80.10.1016/j.energy.2013.07.038Search in Google Scholar

41. Gungor A, Erbay Z, Hepbasli A, Gunerhan H. Splitting the exergy destruction into avoidable and unavoidable parts of a gas engine heat pump (GEHP) for food drying processes based on experimental values. Energy Convers Manage. 2013;73:309–16.10.1016/j.enconman.2013.04.033Search in Google Scholar

42. Petrakopoulou F, Tsatsaronis G, Morosuk T. Evaluation of a power plant with chemical looping combustion using an advanced exergoeconomic analysis. Sustainable Energy Technol Assess. 2013;3:9–16.10.1016/j.seta.2013.05.001Search in Google Scholar

43. Açıkkalp E, Aras H, Hepbasli A. Advanced exergoeconomic analysis of an electricity-generating facility that operates with natural gas. Energy Convers Manage. 2014;78:452–60.10.1016/j.enconman.2013.11.003Search in Google Scholar

44. Mosaffa A, Garousi Farshi L, Infante Ferreira C, Rosen M. Advanced exergy analysis of an air conditioning system incorporating thermal energy storage. Energy. 2014;77:945–52.10.1016/j.energy.2014.10.006Search in Google Scholar

45. Erbay Z, Hepbasli A. Advanced exergoeconomic evaluation of a heat pump food dryer. Biosyst Eng. 2014;124:29–39.10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.06.008Search in Google Scholar

46. Açıkkalp E, Aras H, Hepbasli A. Advanced exergy analysis of a trigeneration system with a diesel–gas engine operating in a refrigerator plant building. Energy Build. 2014;80:268–75.10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.05.029Search in Google Scholar

47. Açıkkalp E, Aras H, Hepbasli A. Advanced exergoenvironmental assessment of a natural gas-fired electricity generating facility. Energy Convers Manage. 2014;81:112–19.10.1016/j.enconman.2014.02.011Search in Google Scholar

48. Gong S, Goni Boulama K. Parametric study of an absorption refrigeration machine using advanced exergy analysis. Energy. 2014;76:453–67.10.1016/j.energy.2014.08.038Search in Google Scholar

49. Şöhret Y, Açıkkalp E, Hepbasli A, Karakoc T. Advanced exergy analysis of an aircraft gas turbine engine: splitting exergy destructions into parts. Energy. 2015;90:1219–28.10.1016/j.energy.2015.06.071Search in Google Scholar

50. Dincer I, Rosen MA. Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. Oxford, UK: Elsevier, 2012.10.1016/B978-0-08-097089-9.00004-8Search in Google Scholar

51. Kotas TJ. The exergy method of thermal plant analysis. London, UK: Butterworths, 1985.Search in Google Scholar

52. Bejan A, Tsatsaronis G, Moran M. Thermal design and optimization. New York: Wiley, 1996.Search in Google Scholar

53. Boyce MP. Gas turbine engineering handbook. 4th ed. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012.Search in Google Scholar

54. Lefebvre AH, Ballal DR Gas turbine combustion: alternative fuels and emissions. 3nd ed. London: CRC Press, 2010.10.1201/9781420086058Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2019-03-01
Accepted: 2019-03-17
Published Online: 2019-03-30
Published in Print: 2022-05-25

© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 3.12.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/tjj-2019-0005/html
Scroll to top button