Home Wendt versus Pollock: Toward visual semiotics in the discipline of IR theory
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Wendt versus Pollock: Toward visual semiotics in the discipline of IR theory

  • Serdar Güner ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: November 19, 2020

Abstract

We focus on a key IR Theory article by Alexander Wendt (1992) and two Jackson Pollock paintings. Our aim is to identify meanings Pollock’s art communicates and reveals for Wendt (1992). It derives from an appeal to visual imagination and a desire for semiotic interpretation of Constructivist view of anarchy. The visual sign is an association such that there is Wendt’s theoretical claim on the one hand and an abstract painting on the other. We do not gaze at Wendt’s claim, we read it. We do not read a painting, look at it. This remark does not imply a one-way relationship. We can argue that a specific painting comes to life in our mind where colored movements are inextricably mixed up when we read the constructivist claim. Both Pollock paintings selected for our sign-making effort confirm the dynamic character of Constructivism and reveal not only three but countlessly many anarchies in international relations. They foment our assessments of abrupt changes of intersubjectivity among states. Cyclicality of dripped paints provides an anchor to fix Wendt’s anarchy conceptualization in these structural-abstract paintings. As to Wendt’s concept of anarchy, it acts as a helper, as a standard, against which interpretations of Pollock’s artwork construct meanings.


Corresponding author: Serdar Güner, Department of International Relations, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, E-mail:

References

Bal, Mieke & Norman Bryson. 1991. Semiotics and art history. The Art Bulletin 7(3). 174–298.10.2307/3045790Search in Google Scholar

Chandler, Daniel. 2007. Semiotics: The basics. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9780203014936Search in Google Scholar

Danesi, Marcel. 2018. Of cigarettes, high heels, and other interesting things: An introduction to semiotics, 3rd edn. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/978-1-349-95348-6Search in Google Scholar

Derrida, Jacques. 1967. De la grammatologie. Paris: Les éditions de minuit.Search in Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. 1982. This is not a pipe. Berkeley: University of California Press.Search in Google Scholar

Gadamer, Hans Georg. 1975. Truth and method. New York: Continuum.Search in Google Scholar

Goodman, Nelson. 1968. Languages of art: An approach to the theory of symbols. New York: Bobbs-Merrill.Search in Google Scholar

Gombrich, Ernst Hans. 1977. Art and illusion. New York: Pantheon.Search in Google Scholar

Hanson, Norwood Russell. 1958. Patterns of discovery: Inquiry into the conceptual foundations of science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Hopf, Ted. 1998. The promise of constructivism in international relations theory. International Security 23(1). 171–200.10.1162/isec.23.1.171Search in Google Scholar

Klee, Paul. 1980. Théorie de l’art modern. Paris: Gouthier.Search in Google Scholar

Kress, Gunther van & Theo Leeuwen. 1996. Reading images: The grammar of visual design. New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Kuhn, Thomas. 1962. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Search in Google Scholar

Langer, Susanne. 1951. Philosophy in a new key: A study in the symbolism of reason, rite, and art. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Leja, Michael. 1993. Reframing abstract expressionism: Subjectivity and painting in the 1940s. New Haven & London: Yale University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Lewison, Jeremy. 1999. Interpreting Pollock. London: Tate Gallery.Search in Google Scholar

Lyotard, Jean François. 1993. The postmodern explained. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Search in Google Scholar

Marin, Loius. 2005. Études sémiologiques: écritures, peintures (Collection d’esthétique 11). Paris: Braille, Klincksieck.Search in Google Scholar

Nöth, Winfried. 1990. Handbook of semiotics. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.10.2307/j.ctv14npk46Search in Google Scholar

Osgood, Charles Egerton, George J. Suci & Percy H. Tannenbaum (eds.). 1957. The measurement of meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Search in Google Scholar

Peirce, Charles S. 1955. Logic as semiotic: The theory of signs. In Justus Buchler (ed.), Philosophical writings of Peirce. New York: Dover.Search in Google Scholar

Rouse, Joseph. 1987. Knowledge and power: Toward a political philosophy of science. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Saussure, Ferdinand de. 1916. Cours de linguistique générale. Paris: Payot et Rivages.Search in Google Scholar

Sebeok, Thomas. 2001. Signs: An introduction to semiotics. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Search in Google Scholar

Stent, Gunther. 1973. Shakespeare and DNA. New York Times January (sec. E). Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/1973/01/28/archives/shakespeare-and-dna.html.Search in Google Scholar

Sylvester, Christine. 2001. Art abstraction, and international relations. Millenium 30(3). 535–554.10.1177/03058298010300031101Search in Google Scholar

Waltz, Kenneth N. 1979. Theory of international politics. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.Search in Google Scholar

Wendt, Alexander. 1992. Anarchy what states make of it. International Organization 46(2). 391–425.10.1017/S0020818300027764Search in Google Scholar

Yanow, Dvora & Peregrine Schwartz-Shea (eds.). 2012. Interpretive research design: Concepts and processes. New York: M. E. Sharpe.10.4324/9780203854907Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2020-11-19
Published in Print: 2021-01-27

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 6.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/sem-2019-0036/html
Scroll to top button