Does extracellular proteolysis control mammalian cognition?
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Hideki Tamura
Hideki Tamura received MS and the PhD degrees from the Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Japan, in 2003 and 2006, respectively. Since 2006, he has been Assistant Professor at NAIST. His current research interests include the neural basis of cognitive function and dysfunction.
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Yasuyuki Ishikawa
Yasuyuki Ishikawa received MS and PhD degrees from Osaka University in 1998 and 2001, respectively. In 2003, he joined the Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, as an Assistant Professor. He has been an Associated Professor in Maebashi Institute of Technology, since 2013. His research interest is learning and memory.
Sadao Shiosaka received an MS degree from Nagoya University, Japan, in 1977 and a PhD degree from Osaka University, Japan, in 1982. In 1979, he joined the Department of Anatomy, Osaka University Medical School as Assistant Professor. He was appointed an Associated Professor in 1986. He is currently a Professor of Neuroscience at the Nara Institute of Science and Technology. His research interest is in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity via a local extracellular proteolytic activity at the synapse.
Abstract
Recent advances in neuroscience techniques for analyzing synaptic functions, have revealed that even in a fully developed nervous system, dynamic structural changes in synapses can modify a variety of interactions between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron. Accumulating evidence suggests that extracellular proteases are involved in the structural modification of synapses through various pathways, including proteolytic cleavage at specific amino acid residues of the extracellular matrix proteins, cell adhesion molecules, and neurotrophic factors. Limited proteolysis induces changes in the properties of substrate proteins or releases functional domains (such as ligands) of the substrate proteins, which activate a signal transduction cascade, and hence could serve to initiate a variety of physiological functions. Such morphological and functional synaptic plasticity might underlie cognitive processes, including learning and memory in animals and humans. Here, we review potential molecular mechanisms of cognition-related focal proteolysis in the hippocampus. In addition, we developed a novel screening method to identify the physiological substrate for proteases.
About the authors
Hideki Tamura received MS and the PhD degrees from the Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Japan, in 2003 and 2006, respectively. Since 2006, he has been Assistant Professor at NAIST. His current research interests include the neural basis of cognitive function and dysfunction.
Yasuyuki Ishikawa received MS and PhD degrees from Osaka University in 1998 and 2001, respectively. In 2003, he joined the Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, as an Assistant Professor. He has been an Associated Professor in Maebashi Institute of Technology, since 2013. His research interest is learning and memory.
Sadao Shiosaka received an MS degree from Nagoya University, Japan, in 1977 and a PhD degree from Osaka University, Japan, in 1982. In 1979, he joined the Department of Anatomy, Osaka University Medical School as Assistant Professor. He was appointed an Associated Professor in 1986. He is currently a Professor of Neuroscience at the Nara Institute of Science and Technology. His research interest is in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity via a local extracellular proteolytic activity at the synapse.
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant No. 24500439 to HT, No. 23700449 to YI, No. 20300128 to SS, and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) CREST program to SS. We thank Dr. Zu-Lin Chen (The Rockefeller University) and Professor Robert Pawlak (University of Exeter) for their valuable comments.
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©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Spreading depression and the clinical correlates of migraine
- Does extracellular proteolysis control mammalian cognition?
- Histone lysine methylation: critical regulator of memory and behavior
- Does the dopamine hypothesis explain schizophrenia?
- Serine-arginine protein kinases: new players in neurodegenerative diseases?
- Mechanisms underlying cortical resonant states: implications for levodopa-induced dyskinesia
- TMS and TMS-EEG techniques in the study of the excitability, connectivity, and plasticity of the human motor cortex
- The role of peripheral nerve ECM components in the tissue engineering nerve construction
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Spreading depression and the clinical correlates of migraine
- Does extracellular proteolysis control mammalian cognition?
- Histone lysine methylation: critical regulator of memory and behavior
- Does the dopamine hypothesis explain schizophrenia?
- Serine-arginine protein kinases: new players in neurodegenerative diseases?
- Mechanisms underlying cortical resonant states: implications for levodopa-induced dyskinesia
- TMS and TMS-EEG techniques in the study of the excitability, connectivity, and plasticity of the human motor cortex
- The role of peripheral nerve ECM components in the tissue engineering nerve construction
