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The role of peripheral nerve ECM components in the tissue engineering nerve construction

  • Xupeng Gao

    Xupeng Gao is a postgraduate at the Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital (Medical School of PLA). His research mainly focuses on peripheral nerve injury and repair, especially on tissue engineering nerve construction.

    , Yu Wang

    Yu Wang PhD is an assistant research fellow of the Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital. She is currently studying human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) and acellular nerve allograft in nerve tissue engineering applications.

    , Jifeng Chen

    Jifeng Chen is a technician at the Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital. She is mainly engaged in cell culture and engineering tissue scaffold research. Now she is studying the function and application of matrix components of BMSCs.

    and Jiang Peng

    Jiang Peng is an Associate Professor of the Institute of Orthopedics of Chinese PLA General Hospital. He did his PhD at the Chinese PLA Postgraduate Medical School. His work focused on the regeneration of peripheral nerve, cartilage and bone defect repair, especially on the chemotaxis regeneration nerve defect repair of peripheral nerve.

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Published/Copyright: August 2, 2013

Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the naturally occurring substrate that provides a support structure and an attachment site for cells. It also produces a biological signal, which plays an important role in and has significant impact on cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression. Peripheral nerve repair is a complicated process involving Schwann cell proliferation and migration, ‘bands of Büngner’ formation, and newborn nerve extension. In the ECM of peripheral nerves, macromolecules are deposited among cells; these constitute the microenvironment of Schwann cell growth. Such macromolecules include collagen (I, III, IV, V), laminin, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), and other nerve factors. Collagen, the main component of ECM, provides structural support and guides newborn neurofilament extension. Laminin, fibronectin, CSPGs, and neurotrophic factors, are promoters or inhibitors, playing different roles in nerve repair after injury. By a chemical decellularization process, acellular nerve allografting eliminates the antigens responsible for allograft rejection and maintains most of the ECM components, which can effectively guide and enhance nerve regeneration. Thus, the composition and features of peripheral nerve ECM suggest its superiority as nerve repair material. This review focuses on the structure, function, and application in the tissue engineering nerve construction of the peripheral nerve ECM components.


Corresponding author: Jiang Peng, Key Laboratory of People Liberation Army, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road Number 28, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China

About the authors

Xupeng Gao

Xupeng Gao is a postgraduate at the Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital (Medical School of PLA). His research mainly focuses on peripheral nerve injury and repair, especially on tissue engineering nerve construction.

Yu Wang

Yu Wang PhD is an assistant research fellow of the Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital. She is currently studying human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) and acellular nerve allograft in nerve tissue engineering applications.

Jifeng Chen

Jifeng Chen is a technician at the Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital. She is mainly engaged in cell culture and engineering tissue scaffold research. Now she is studying the function and application of matrix components of BMSCs.

Jiang Peng

Jiang Peng is an Associate Professor of the Institute of Orthopedics of Chinese PLA General Hospital. He did his PhD at the Chinese PLA Postgraduate Medical School. His work focused on the regeneration of peripheral nerve, cartilage and bone defect repair, especially on the chemotaxis regeneration nerve defect repair of peripheral nerve.

This work was funded by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (2113052); Beijing Metropolis Beijing Nova Program (2011115); National Natural Science Foundation of China (31170946, 31100696); National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA020502); People’s Liberation Army 12th five-year plan period (BWS11J025); and The National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB518106).

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Received: 2013-5-4
Accepted: 2013-7-5
Published Online: 2013-08-02
Published in Print: 2013-08-01

©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston

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