Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic acid parts
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Pulkin Gupta
Pulkin Gupta, born in 1998, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2016. Her research focuses on the optimization of additive manufacturing processes and characterization of FDM 3D printed samples.
Sudha Kumari, born in 1999, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2017. Her research focuses on the behavior of mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed samples.
Abhishek Gupta, born in 1996, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2017. His research focuses on the behavior of mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed samples.
Ankit Kumar Sinha, born in 1999, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2017. His research focuses on the behavior of mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed samples.
Assistant Prof. Dr. Prashant Jindal, born in 1979, holds a PhD degree in the Faculty of Engineering & Technology, received from Panjab University, Chandigarh, India in 2014. He was awarded a Commonwealth Rutherford Post-Doctoral fellowship by Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK. His research activity focuses primarily on material characterization, nano-bio composite materials, dental prosthetics and diagnostic devices and rapid prototyping.
Abstract
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a layer-by-layer manufacturing process type of 3D-printing (3DP). Significant variation in the mechanical properties of 3D printed specimens is observed because of varied process parameters and interfacial bonding between consecutive layers. This study investigates the influence of heat treatment on the mechanical strength of FDM 3D printed Polylactic acid (PLA) parts with constant 3DP parameters and ambient conditions. To meet the objectives, 7 sets, each containing 5 dog-bone shaped samples, were fabricated from commercially available PLA filament. Each set was subjected to heat treatment at a particular temperature for 1 h and cooled in the furnace itself, while one set was left un-treated. The temperature for heat treatment (Th) varied from 30 °C to 130 °C with increments of 10 °C. The heat-treated samples were characterized under tensile loading of 400 N and mechanical properties like Young’s modulus (E), Strain % (ε) and Stiffness (k) were evaluated. On comparing the mechanical properties of heat-treated samples to un-treated samples, significant improvements were observed. Heat treatment also altered the geometries of the samples. Mechanical properties improved by 4.88 % to 10.26 % with the maximum being at Th of 110 °C and below recrystallization temperature (Tr) of 65 °C. Deformations also decreased significantly at higher temperatures above 100 °C, by a maximum of 36.06 %. The dimensions of samples showed a maximum decrease of 1.08 % in Tr range and a maximum decrease of 0.31 % in weight at the same temperature. This study aims to benefit the society by establishing suitable Th to recover the lost strength in PLA based FDM 3D printed parts.
About the authors
Pulkin Gupta, born in 1998, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2016. Her research focuses on the optimization of additive manufacturing processes and characterization of FDM 3D printed samples.
Sudha Kumari, born in 1999, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2017. Her research focuses on the behavior of mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed samples.
Abhishek Gupta, born in 1996, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2017. His research focuses on the behavior of mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed samples.
Ankit Kumar Sinha, born in 1999, has been an undergraduate student of Mechanical Engineering at the University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, India, since 2017. His research focuses on the behavior of mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed samples.
Assistant Prof. Dr. Prashant Jindal, born in 1979, holds a PhD degree in the Faculty of Engineering & Technology, received from Panjab University, Chandigarh, India in 2014. He was awarded a Commonwealth Rutherford Post-Doctoral fellowship by Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK. His research activity focuses primarily on material characterization, nano-bio composite materials, dental prosthetics and diagnostic devices and rapid prototyping.
Acknowledgement
This research work was supported by Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) under the Design Innovation Centre (DIC) project “Medical devices and restorative technologies” [Reference no.17-11/2015-PN-1]. All the authors are grateful to all those who have contributed in the development of this research.
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© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston, Germany
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- Frontmatter
- Overview
- Technology in the 21st Century – The role of materials and materials testing
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of laser inclination angle on mechanical properties of Hastelloy X processed by selective laser melting
- Component-Oriented testing
- Heat source model for electron beam welding of nickel-based superalloys
- Materialography
- Effects of Ti-bearing inclusions on intragranular ferrite nucleation
- Mechanical testing/Materialography
- Effect of extruded low-density polyethylene on the microstructural and mechanical properties of hot-press produced 3105 aluminum composites
- Production-Oriented testing/Additive manufacturing
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- Effect of austenitizing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 9254 steel
- Materials testing for production technologies/Non-destructive testing
- Automation of pipe defect detection and characterization by structured light
- Wear testing
- Wear resistance of HVOF sprayed NiSiCrFeB, WC-Co/NiSiCrFeB, WC-Co, and WC-Cr3C2-Ni rice harvesting blades
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic acid parts
- Wear testing
- Friction and wear properties of heavy load truck composite brake linings
- Mechanical testing/Wear testing
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