Effects of Ti-bearing inclusions on intragranular ferrite nucleation
-
Yue Qiu
Yue Qiu, born in 1982, graduated from the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2005 and received a MSc degree in Material Science. Currently, she is a doctoral candidate at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P. R. China.
Fuhao Chen, born in 1994, graduated from Chongqing University of Science and Technology in 2018 and received a Bachelor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering. Currently, he is a Postgraduate Student at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P R China.
Bangfu Huang, born in 1983, graduated from the University of Science and Technology, Beijing in 2011 and received a Doctor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering. Currently, he is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, P R China.
Zhaoyang Wu, born in 1990, graduated from Wuhan University of Science and Technology in 2016 and received a Doctor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering. Currently, he is a Lecturer at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P R China.
Hui Kong, born in 1980, graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China in 2007 and received a Doctor’s degree in Material Physics and Chemistry. Currently, he is a Professor at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P R China.
Abstract
The effect of Ti-bearing inclusion characteristics, such as size and marginal composition, on intragranular ferrite (IGF) nucleation has been explored in single sample through SEM and EDS. It can be seen that Ti-bearing inclusions can induce IGF nucleation, and this nucleation ability was scaled by the number of its induced lathes. Statistical analysis suggested that this ability may be correlated with inclusion size, and independent of Ti2O3 content in inclusion. The former can be attributed to the classical theory of heterogeneous nucleation. The latter can be explained by the relationship between the diffusion quantity of Mn and its solubility in Ti2O3 based on the theory of an Mn-depletion zone. Moreover, a probabilistic feature was observed in the nucleation phenomenon which may be due to a small difference in formation energy between the ferrite side plate and the IGF. These results may be helpful to clarify the nature of oxide metallurgy of a Ti-bearing inclusion.
About the authors
Yue Qiu, born in 1982, graduated from the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2005 and received a MSc degree in Material Science. Currently, she is a doctoral candidate at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P. R. China.
Fuhao Chen, born in 1994, graduated from Chongqing University of Science and Technology in 2018 and received a Bachelor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering. Currently, he is a Postgraduate Student at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P R China.
Bangfu Huang, born in 1983, graduated from the University of Science and Technology, Beijing in 2011 and received a Doctor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering. Currently, he is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, P R China.
Zhaoyang Wu, born in 1990, graduated from Wuhan University of Science and Technology in 2016 and received a Doctor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering. Currently, he is a Lecturer at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P R China.
Hui Kong, born in 1980, graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China in 2007 and received a Doctor’s degree in Material Physics and Chemistry. Currently, he is a Professor at the School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui, P R China.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology (No. G201901), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51974004), Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction & Resources Recycling (JKF19-08) and Financial Support for Academic and Technical Leaders (No.2016H092).
References
1 N. Gubeljak, J. Predan, B. Sencic, M. D. Chapetti: Effect of residual stresses and inclusion size on fatigue resistance of parabolic steel springs, Materials Testing 56 (2014), No .4, pp. 312-317 DOI:10.3139/120.11056710.3139/120.110567Search in Google Scholar
2 S. Rodling, J. Froschl, M. Huck, M. Decker: Influence of non-metallic inclusions on acceptable HCF design properties, Materials Testing 53 (2011), No. 7-8, pp. 455-462 DOI:10.3139/120.11025010.3139/120.110250Search in Google Scholar
3 T. Koseki, G. Thewlis: Overview inclusion assisted microstructure control in C-Mn and low alloy steel welds, Materials Science and Technology 21 (2005), No. 8, pp. 867-879 DOI:10.1179/174328405X5170310.1179/174328405X51703Search in Google Scholar
4 M. M. Hosseinioun, G. Moeini: Acicular ferrite nucleation as a diffusion controlled process in high strength low alloyed (HSLA) steel weld metal, Materials Testing 58 (2016), No. 10, pp. 848-859 DOI:10.3139/120.11093010.3139/120.110930Search in Google Scholar
5 B. Wen, B. Song, N. Pan, Q. Y. Hu, J. H. Mao: Effect of SiMg alloy on inclusions and micro-structures of 16Mn steel, Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 38 (2011), No. 8, pp. 577-583 DOI:10.1179/1743281211Y.000000001010.1179/1743281211Y.0000000010Search in Google Scholar
6 B. L. Bramfitt: The effect of carbide and nitride additions on the heterogeneous nucleation behavior of liquid iron, Metallurgical Transactions, 1 (1970), No. 7, pp. 1987-1995 DOI:10.1007/BF0264279910.1007/BF02642799Search in Google Scholar
7 T. Furuhara, J. Yamaguchi, N. Sugita, G. Miyamoto, T.Maki: Nucleation of proeutectoid ferrite on complex precipitates in austenite, ISIJ International, 43 (2003), No. 10, pp. 1630-1639 DOI:10.2355/isijinternational.43.163010.2355/isijinternational.43.1630Search in Google Scholar
8 I. Madariaga, I. Gutierrez: Role of the particle-matrix interface on the nucleation of acicular ferrite in a medium carbon microalloyed steel, Acta Materialia 47 (1999), No. 3, pp. 951-960 DOI:10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00388-710.1016/S1359-6454(98)00388-7Search in Google Scholar
9 D. S. Sarma, A. V. Karasev, P. G. Jönsson: On the role of non-metallic inclusions in the nucleation of acicular ferrite in steels, ISIJ International, 49 (2009), No. 7, pp. 1063-1074 DOI:10.2355/isijinternational.49.106310.2355/isijinternational.49.1063Search in Google Scholar
10 Y. Liu, X. L. Wan, G. Q. Lia, Y. Wang, W. Zheng, Y. H. Hou: Grain refinement in coarse-grained heat-affected zone of Al-Ti-Mg complex deoxidised steel, Science of Technology of Welding and Joining 24 (2019), No. 1, pp. 43-51 DOI:10.1080/13621718.2018.1476804.10.1080/13621718.2018.1476804Search in Google Scholar
11 J. S. Byun, J. H. Shim, Y. W. Cho, D. N. Lee: Non-metallic inclusion and intragranular nucleation of ferrite in Ti-killed C-Mn steel, Acta Materialia, 51 (2003), No. 6, pp. 1593-1606 DOI:10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00560-810.1016/S1359-6454(02)00560-8Search in Google Scholar
12 K. Yamamoto, T. Hasegawa, T. Jin-Ichi: Effect of boron on intra-granular ferrite formation in Ti-oxide bearing steels, ISIJ International 36 (1996), No. 1, pp. 80-86 DOI:10.2355/isijinternational.36.8010.2355/isijinternational.36.80Search in Google Scholar
13 Z. Y. Cai, Y. H. Zhou, L. H. Tong, Q. Yue, H. Kong: Effect of Ti-Al-O inclusions on the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite, Materials Testing 57 (2015), No. 7-8, pp. 649-654 DOI:10.3139/120.11076010.3139/120.110760Search in Google Scholar
14 R. A. Ricks, P. R. Howell, G. S. Barritte: The nature of acicular ferrite in HSLA steel weld metals, Journal of Materials Science 17 (1982), No. 3, pp. 732-740 DOI:10.1007/BF0054036910.1007/BF00540369Search in Google Scholar
15 L. Taekyu, J. H. Kim, B. Y. Kang, S. Y. Hwang: Effect of inclusion size on the nucleation of acicular ferrite in welds, ISIJ International 40 (2000), No. 12, pp. 1260-1268 DOI:10.2355/isijinternational.40.126010.2355/isijinternational.40.1260Search in Google Scholar
16 J. H. Shim, J. S. Byun, Y. W. Cho, Y. J. Oh, J. D. Shim, D. N. Lee: Effects of Si and Al on acicular ferrite formation in C-Mn steel, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 32 (2001), No. 1, pp. 75-84 DOI:10.1007/s11661-001-0103-010.1007/s11661-001-0103-0Search in Google Scholar
17 X. J. Zhuo, Y. Q. Wang, X. H. Wang, H. Lee: Thermodynamic calculation and MnS solubility of Mn-Ti oxide formation in Si-Mn-Ti deoxidized steel, Journal of Iron and Steel Research (International) 17 (2010), No. 2, pp. 10-16 DOI:10.1016/S1006-706X(10)60051-910.1016/S1006-706X(10)60051-9Search in Google Scholar
18 L. Zheng, A. Malfliet, P. Wollants, B. Blanpai, M. Guo: Effect of surfactant Te on the formation of MnS inclusions in steel, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 48 (2017), No. 5, pp. 2447-2458 DOI:10.1007/s11663-017-1050-510.1007/s11663-017-1050-5Search in Google Scholar
19 J. S. Byun, J. H. Shim, Y. W. Cho: Influence of Mn on microstructural evolution in Ti-killed C-Mn steel, Scripta Materialia 48 (2003), No. 4, pp. 449-454 DOI:10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00437-210.1016/S1359-6462(02)00437-2Search in Google Scholar
20 Z. H. Xiong, X. M. Wang, X. L. He, C. J. Shang, S. L. Liu, G. H. Yu: In situ observation of the microstructure evolution in HAZ and analysis by EBSD, Marquis F. (Ed): Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing, Vol. 1, Springer, Cham (2013), pp. 673-678 DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-48764-9-8410.1007/978-3-319-48764-9-84Search in Google Scholar
21 W. Z. Mu, P. G. Jönsson, K. Nakajima: Recent aspects on the effect of inclusion characteristics on the intragranular ferrite formation in low alloy steels: a review, High Temperature Materials and Processes 36 (2017), No. 4, pp. 309-325 DOI:10.1515/htmp-2016-017510.1515/htmp-2016-0175Search in Google Scholar
22 C. Xu, H. Kong, M. Y. Zhang, M. W. Shan: Relationship between MnS precipitation and respective effects of Ti-Mg bearing inclusions on the induction of intergranular acicular ferrite, Materials Testing 61 (2019), No. 2, pp. 164-168 DOI:10.3139/120.11130110.3139/120.111301Search in Google Scholar
23 J. Resasco, N. P. Dasgupta, J. R. Rosell, J. H. Guo, P. D. Yang: Uniform doping of metal oxide nanowires using solid state Diffusion, Journal of the American Chemical Society 136 (2014), No. 29, pp. 10521-10526 DOI: 10.1021/ja505734s10.1021/ja505734sSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
24 Q. L. Yong: Second Phases in Structural Steels, Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, P. R. China (2006)Search in Google Scholar
25 J. S. Kirkaldy, P. N. Smith, I. S. R. Clark, H. Nakao: Diffusion interactions in Fe-Mn-S at 1300 °C, Paper II, Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 12 (1973), No.1, pp. 53-60 DOI:10.1179/cmq.1973.12.1.5310.1179/cmq.1973.12.1.53Search in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston, Germany
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Overview
- Technology in the 21st Century – The role of materials and materials testing
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of laser inclination angle on mechanical properties of Hastelloy X processed by selective laser melting
- Component-Oriented testing
- Heat source model for electron beam welding of nickel-based superalloys
- Materialography
- Effects of Ti-bearing inclusions on intragranular ferrite nucleation
- Mechanical testing/Materialography
- Effect of extruded low-density polyethylene on the microstructural and mechanical properties of hot-press produced 3105 aluminum composites
- Production-Oriented testing/Additive manufacturing
- 10.1515/mt-2020-0004
- Materialography
- Effect of austenitizing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 9254 steel
- Materials testing for production technologies/Non-destructive testing
- Automation of pipe defect detection and characterization by structured light
- Wear testing
- Wear resistance of HVOF sprayed NiSiCrFeB, WC-Co/NiSiCrFeB, WC-Co, and WC-Cr3C2-Ni rice harvesting blades
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic acid parts
- Wear testing
- Friction and wear properties of heavy load truck composite brake linings
- Mechanical testing/Wear testing
- Effect of Lanthanum on mechanical and wear properties of high-pressure die-cast Mg-3Al-3Sn-3Sb alloy
- Production-Oriented testing
- A novel graphene-based Fe3O4 nanocomposite for magnetic particle inspection
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of shielding gas combination on microstructure and mechanical properties of MIG welded stainless steel 316
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Overview
- Technology in the 21st Century – The role of materials and materials testing
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of laser inclination angle on mechanical properties of Hastelloy X processed by selective laser melting
- Component-Oriented testing
- Heat source model for electron beam welding of nickel-based superalloys
- Materialography
- Effects of Ti-bearing inclusions on intragranular ferrite nucleation
- Mechanical testing/Materialography
- Effect of extruded low-density polyethylene on the microstructural and mechanical properties of hot-press produced 3105 aluminum composites
- Production-Oriented testing/Additive manufacturing
- 10.1515/mt-2020-0004
- Materialography
- Effect of austenitizing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 9254 steel
- Materials testing for production technologies/Non-destructive testing
- Automation of pipe defect detection and characterization by structured light
- Wear testing
- Wear resistance of HVOF sprayed NiSiCrFeB, WC-Co/NiSiCrFeB, WC-Co, and WC-Cr3C2-Ni rice harvesting blades
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic acid parts
- Wear testing
- Friction and wear properties of heavy load truck composite brake linings
- Mechanical testing/Wear testing
- Effect of Lanthanum on mechanical and wear properties of high-pressure die-cast Mg-3Al-3Sn-3Sb alloy
- Production-Oriented testing
- A novel graphene-based Fe3O4 nanocomposite for magnetic particle inspection
- Materials testing for welding and additive manufacturing applications
- Effect of shielding gas combination on microstructure and mechanical properties of MIG welded stainless steel 316
