References

Adamo, Grace Ebunlola. 2007. Nigerian English. Is It – Can It Be – Part of a Quest for Cultural Expression and Identity. English Today 89(23/1). 42–47.10.1017/S0266078407001083Suche in Google Scholar

Ashcroft, Bill. 2001. Post-colonial transformation. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar

Ativie, C. Ailende, 2022. Cultural influences as inputs of development of Nigerian Pidgin. Available at: http://www.uni-giessen.de›resolveuid (accessed 6 February 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Baing, Suzanne, Brian Deutrom, Russell Jackson & Craig A. Volker. 2020. Papua New Guinea Tok Pisin English dictionary. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Bamgbose, Ayo. 1995. English in the Nigerian environment. In Ayo Bamgbose, Ayo Banjo & Andrew Thomas (eds.), New Englishes: A West African perspective, 9–26. Ibadan: Monsuro.Suche in Google Scholar

Barbag-Stoll, Anna. 1983. Social and linguistic history of Nigerian Pidgin English as spoken by the Yoruba with special reference to the English-derived lexicon. Tübingen: Stauffenberg Verlag.Suche in Google Scholar

Barcelona, Antonio. 2002. On the ubiquity and multiple-level operation of metonymy. In Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk & Kamila Turewicz (eds.), Cognitive linguistics today, 247–259. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.Suche in Google Scholar

Brash, Elton. 1971. Tok pilai, tok piksa na tok bokis: Imaginative dimension in Melanesian Pidgin. Kivung [Meeting] 4(1). 12–20.Suche in Google Scholar

Brash, Elton. 1975. Tok Pisin! Meanjin Quarterly 34.3. 320–327.Suche in Google Scholar

Brdar, Mario. 2019. On the regularity of metonymy across languages (exemplified on some metonymies in medical discourse). ExELL / Explorations in English Language and Linguistics 7.1. 52–69.10.2478/exell-2020-0006Suche in Google Scholar

Cambridge English dictionary: Meanings and definitions. 2022. Available at: https://dictionary.cambridge.org./dictionary/english/ (accessed 24 May 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Collins English dictionary. 2022. Mary definition and meaning. Ava8ilable at: http://www.collinsdictionary.com › dictionary › mary (accessed 25 May 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Corum, Micah. 2016. Cognitive semantics for creole linguistics: Application of metaphor, metonymy and cognitive grammar to Afro-Caribbean creole languages and cultural studies. Río Piedras, PR: University of Puerto Rico PhD dissertation. Available at: http://www.researchgate.net › publication › 312369508_Co (accessed 6 February 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Corum, Micah. 2020. Conceptual construal, convergence, and the creole lexicon. In Nicholas G. Faraclas & Sally J. Delgado (eds.), Creoles, revisited: Language contact, language change, and postcolonial linguistics, 185–204. London: Routledge.10.4324/9780367817374-7Suche in Google Scholar

Croft, William. 2003 [1993]. The role of domains in the interpretation of metaphors and metonymies. In René Dirven & Ralf Pörings (eds.), Metaphor and metonymy in comparison and contrast, 161–205. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110219197.2.161Suche in Google Scholar

Crystal, David. 2010. The Cambridge encyclopaedia of language (vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Cut-and-sew. 2022. Available at: http://www.cottonworks.com › encyclopedia-item › Cut-and-sew (accessed 25 January 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

DeGraff, Michel. 2005. Do creole languages constitute an exceptional typological class? Revue Française de Linguistique Appliquée 10(1). 11–24. Available at: https://www.cairn.info/revue-francaise-de-linguistique-appliquee-2005-1-page-11.htm (accessed 23 January 2022).10.3917/rfla.101.24Suche in Google Scholar

Dirven, René. 2003 [1993]. Metonymy and metaphor: Different mental strategies of conceptualization. In René Dirven & Ralf Pörings (eds.), Metaphor and metonymy in comparison and contrast, 75–111. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110219197.1.75Suche in Google Scholar

Erhart, Sabine & Peter Mühlhäusler. 2007. Pidgins and creoles in the Pacific. In Osahito Miyaoka, Osamu Sakiyama & Michael Krauss (eds.), The vanishing languages of the Pacific Rim, 118–143. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oso/9780199266623.003.0007Suche in Google Scholar

Faraclas, Nicholas G. 2021. Naija: A language of the future. In Akinmade T. Akande & Oladipo Salami (eds.), Current trends in Nigerian Pidgin English: A sociolinguistic perspective, 9–37. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9781501513541-002Suche in Google Scholar

Fass, Dan C. 1997. Processing metonymy and metaphor. Greenwich, CO: Ablex.Suche in Google Scholar

Feyaerts, Kurt & Gerd Brône. 2005. Expressivity and metonymic inferencing: Stylistic variation in non-literary language use. Style 39(1). 12–36.Suche in Google Scholar

Franklin, Karl J. & Steven K. Thomas 2006. Some Tok Pisin idioms. Available at: htttp://www.sil.org/silewp/2006/silewp2006-004.pdf (accessed 15 February 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Frąckiewicz, Olga. 2015. We sabi am: Kurs Nigerian Pidgin English [We sabi am: A course in Nigerian Pidgin English]. Warsaw: University of Warsaw, Faculty of Oriental Studies.Suche in Google Scholar

Frąckiewicz, Olga. 2021. Nigerian Pidgin English phraseology in the context of areal influences. In Nina Pawlak & Izabela Will (eds.), West African languages: Linguistic theory and communication, 213–229. Warsaw: University of Warsaw, Faculty of Oriental Studies.10.31338/uw.9788323546313.pp.213-229Suche in Google Scholar

Frisson, Steven & Martin J. Pickering. 2007. The processing of familiar and novel senses of a word: Why reading Dickens is easy but reading Needham can be hard. Language and Cognitive Processes 22(4). 595–613.10.1080/01690960601017013Suche in Google Scholar

Giora, Rachel. 2003. On our mind: Salience, context, and figurative language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195136166.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar

Glottolog. 2022. Spoken L1 language – Tok Pisin. Available at: https://www.glottolog.org > glottology (accessed 15 June 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Goossens, Luis. 2003 [1990]. Metaphtonymy: The interaction of metaphor and metonymy in expressions for linguistic action. In René Dirven & Ralf Pörings (eds.), Metaphor and Metonymy in Comparison and Contrast, 349–377. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110219197.3.349Suche in Google Scholar

Goulden, Rick J. 1990. The Melanesian content in Tok Pisin. Canberra: Australian National University.Suche in Google Scholar

Haiman, John. 1985. Natural syntax. Iconicity and erosion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Healey, Lionel R. 1975. When is a word not a pidgin word? In Kenneth A. McElhanon (ed.), Tok Pisin i go we?: Proceedings of a conference held at the University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, P.N.G., 18–21 September 1973, 36–42. Port Moresby: Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea.Suche in Google Scholar

Hilpert, Martin. 2007. Chained metonymies in lexicon and grammar: A cross-linguistic perspective on body-part terms. In Günter Radden, Klaus Köpcke, Thomas Berg & Peter Siemund (eds.), Aspects of meaning construction, 77–98. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Available at: https://www.members.unine.ch › martin.hilpert › CMLG (accessed 25 April 2022).10.1075/z.136.07hilSuche in Google Scholar

Hirano, Kiyoshi. 2001. Lexical items of Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea. Journal of International Development and Cooperation 7(2). 99–112.Suche in Google Scholar

Jakobson, Roman. 2003 [1956]. The metaphoric and metonymic poles. In René Dirven & Ralf Pörings (eds.), Metaphor and metonymy in comparison and contrast, 41–47. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110219197.1.41Suche in Google Scholar

Kurosawa, Tsuyoshi. 2022. The use of current English loanwords in the Tok Pisin newspaper Wantok. https://www.geolinguistics.org > geo35 > GEO-35 … (accessed 4 November 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Lakoff, George. 1987. Women, fire, and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind. Chicago: Chicago University Press.10.7208/chicago/9780226471013.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar

Lakoff, George. 1993. The contemporary theory of metaphor. In Andrew Ortony (ed.), Metaphor and thought, 202–251. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9781139173865.013Suche in Google Scholar

MacCannell, Dean. 1992. Empty meeting grounds: The tourist papers. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar

McElhanon, Kenneth A. 1978. On the origin of body image idioms in Tok Pisin. Kivung [Meeting] 11(1). 3–25.Suche in Google Scholar

McElhanon, Kenneth A. & Sâcnemac Barok. 1975. Transfer between Selepet and Melanesian Pidgin idioms. In Kenneth A. McElhanon (ed.), Tok Pisin I Go We?: Proceedings of a Conference Held at the University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, P.N.G., 18–21 September 1973, 189–197. Port Moresby: Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea.Suche in Google Scholar

Mensah, Eyo Offiong. 2011. Lexicalization in Nigerian Pidgin. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics 37(2). 209–240.Suche in Google Scholar

Mensah, Eyo Offiong. 2012. Grammaticalization in Nigerian Pidgin. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 17(2). 167–179. Available at: https://www.scielo.org.co > scielo (accessed 9 February 2022).10.17533/udea.ikala.10748Suche in Google Scholar

Michalic, Francis. 1983 [1971]. The Jacaranda dictionary and grammar of Melanesian Pidgin. Brisbane: Jacaranda Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1984 [1979]. Growth and structure of the lexicon of New Guinea Pidgin. Canberra: Australian National University.Suche in Google Scholar

Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1986. Pidgin and creole linguistics. London: University of Westminster Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1992. What is the use of studying pidgin and creole languages? Language Sciences 14(3). 309–316.10.1016/0388-0001(92)90009-4Suche in Google Scholar

The Nigerian Pidgin English dictionary created by you for you! 2022. Available at: http://naijalingo.com (accessed 15 June 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Ofulue, Christina I. 2010. Towards the standardization of Naija: Vocabulary development and lexical expansion processes. In Proceedings of the “Conference on Nigerian Pidgin, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 8–9 July 2009”, 1–9. Ibadan: National Open University of Nigeria.Suche in Google Scholar

Pattillo, Kelsie E. 2014. Cross-linguistic metonymies in human limb nomenclature. Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee PhD dissertation.Suche in Google Scholar

Radden, Günter & Zoltán Kövecses. 1999. Towards a theory of metonymy. In Klaus-Uwe Panther & Günter Radden (eds.), Metonymy in language and thought, 17–59. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/hcp.4.03radSuche in Google Scholar

Romaine, Suzanne. 1990. Pidgin English advertising. In Christopher Ricks & Leonard Michaels (eds.), The state of the language, 189–203. Berkeley: University of California Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Romaine, Suzanne. 2000. Language in society: An introduction to sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oso/9780198731924.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar

Sankoff, Gillian. 1977. Creolization and syntactic change in New Guinea Tok Pisin. In Ben G. Blount & Mary Sanches (eds.), Language, thought, and culture: Advances in the study of cognition, 119–130. New York: Academic Press.10.1016/B978-0-12-107450-0.50013-9Suche in Google Scholar

Sebba, Mark. 1997. Contact languages: Pidgins and creoles. Houndmills, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1007/978-1-349-25587-0Suche in Google Scholar

Smith, Geoff P. 1990. Idiomatic Tok Pisin and referential adequacy. In John W. M. Verhaar (ed.), Melanesian Pidgin and Tok Pisin: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Pidgins and Creoles in Melanesia, 275–287. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/slcs.20.12smiSuche in Google Scholar

Smith, Geoffrey P. 2002. Growing up with Tok Pisin: Contact, creolization, and change in Papua New Guinea’s national language. London: Battlebridge.Suche in Google Scholar

Summer Institute of Linguistics / SIL International. 2022. Ethnologue. http://www.ethnologue.com (accessed 15 June 2022).Suche in Google Scholar

Szawerna, Michał. 2011. Nominalization in cognitive grammar: A metaphorical or metonymic kind of semantic extension? In Bogusław Bierwiaczonek, Bożena Cetnarowska, and Anna Turula (eds.), Syntax in cognitive grammar, 81–90. Częstochowa, Poland: Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Lingwistycznej.Suche in Google Scholar

Tung, Cynthia. 2014. Grammaticalization in Tok Pisin. Available at: https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/lingua/article/download/.../5029 (accessed 4 June 2022).10.6017/lf.v2i1.5419Suche in Google Scholar

Ugot, Mercy, Offiong Ani Offiong & Oyo Ekpo Oyo. 2013. Nigerian Pidgin variations in the Ikom-Ogoja axis of Cross River State, Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature 2(2). 223–231.10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.2n.2p.223Suche in Google Scholar

Walczyński, Marcin. 2012. A living language: Selected aspects of Tok Pisin in the press (on the basis of “Wantok” newspaper). Nysa, Poland: Oficyna Wydawnicza PWSZ.Suche in Google Scholar

Warren, Beatrice. 2003 [1999]. An alternative account of the interpretation of referential metonymy and metaphor. In René Dirven & Ralf Pörings (eds.), Metaphor and metonymy in comparison and contrast, 113–130. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110219197.1.113Suche in Google Scholar

Zimmermann, Jana L. 2010. The increasing Anglicization of Tok Pisin: An analysis of the Wantok corpus. Regensburg, Germany: University of Regensburg PhD dissertation. https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/Diss_JZ_20.02.2011 (accessed 4 June 2022).Suche in Google Scholar