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The association between pre-pregnancy obesity and screening results of depression for all trimesters of pregnancy, postpartum and 1 year after birth: a cohort study

  • Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr , Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh , Nayyer Jafarilar-Agdam , Somayyeh Rafiee and Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: February 17, 2017
Journal of Perinatal Medicine
From the journal Journal of Perinatal Medicine Volume 46 Issue 1

Abstract

Objective:

To determine the relationship between pre-pregnancy obesity and screening results of gestational and post-delivery depression in women referred to the health centers of Tabriz, Iran.

Methods:

In this cohort study, 62 and 245 pregnant women with class 2–3 obesity [body mass index (BMI)≥35 kg/m2] and normal-weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) were enrolled, respectively, in the first trimester of pregnancy from December 2012 to January 2016. For matching of groups, nulliparous and multiparous mothers aged 18–35 years were selected with the ratio of 1:4 in obese and normal BMI groups from the same recruitment center and to controlling the confounder factors, inclusion criteria were considered. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was completed in five time points, the first, second, third trimester of pregnancy, 6–8 weeks and 12 months after delivery. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests and multivariate logistic and linear regression adjusted for confounders were used. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:

Based on the EPDS, 12.7% of normal weight women in first, 13.5% in second, 10.2% in third trimester of pregnancy, 7.8% in 6–8 weeks of postpartum and 10.6% in 1 year after delivery screened positive for depression. This proportion was greater in class 2–3 obese women (32.3%, 33.3%, 28.8% in trimesters of pregnancy and 35.4%, 19.4% in postpartum period, respectively) (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression adjusted for confounding factors showed that the risk of depression in the first trimester of pregnancy for class 2–3 obesity was 3.25-fold greater than normal weight group [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68–6.28]. This risk was 3.29-fold in the second (aOR 3.29, 95% CI 1.67–6.47), 4-folds in the third trimester (aOR 4.003, 95% CI 1.84–8.70 for third), 7.5-fold in the 6–8 weeks of postpartum (aOR 7.46, 95% CI 3.30–16.89) and 1.83-fold (aOR 7.46, 95% CI 3.30–16.89) for 1 year after birth.

Conclusions:

Pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with probability of gestational and post-delivery depression. Therefore, training and planning to conduct required interventions to resolve obesity seem be helpful in this regard.

Keywords: Body mass index (BMI); depression; obesity; postpartum; pregnancy

Funding source: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Award Identifier / Grant number: 91163

Funding statement: Source of funding: This study was supported by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Grant number: 91163).

Acknowledgments

The researchers would like to thank all personnel of health care centers in Tabriz and the pregnant women who actively participated in the study.

Author’s statement

  1. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  2. Material and methods: Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  3. Ethical approval: The research related to human subject use has complied with all the relevant national regulations, and institutional policies, and is in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration, and has been approved by the authors’ institutional review board or equivalent committee.

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Received: 2016-8-17
Accepted: 2017-1-12
Published Online: 2017-2-17
Published in Print: 2018-1-26

©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review article
  3. The assessment of labor: a brief history
  4. Original articles – Obstetrics
  5. The combined exposure to intra-amniotic inflammation and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome increases the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates
  6. Uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index at 11–38 weeks in ICSI pregnancies with egg donation
  7. Violence before pregnancy and the risk of violence during pregnancy
  8. Cancer during pregnancy – clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognosis for mothers and infants
  9. The effect of attending a prenatal childbirth preparedness course on labor duration and outcomes
  10. Serum fibrinogen levels could be an index of successful use of balloon tamponade in postpartum hemorrhage
  11. Impact factors on cervical dilation rates in the first stage of labor
  12. Feasibility and acceptability of text messaging to support antenatal healthcare in Iraqi pregnant women: a pilot study
  13. Clinical characteristics and outcome of twin pregnancies complicated by single intrauterine death
  14. Utility of routine urine CMV PCR and total serum IgM testing of small for gestational age infants: a single center review
  15. The association between pre-pregnancy obesity and screening results of depression for all trimesters of pregnancy, postpartum and 1 year after birth: a cohort study
  16. Original articles – Fetus
  17. Causes of intrauterine fetal death are changing in recent years
  18. Original articles – Newborn
  19. Proactive approach at the limits of viability improves the short-term outcome of neonates born after 23 weeks’ gestation
  20. Letter to the Editor
  21. Exact days of gestation necessary for infants at borderline viability: reply to Proactive approach at the limits of viability improves the short-term outcome of neonates born after 23weeks’ gestation. P. Šimják, J. Smíšek, M. Koucký, T. Lamberská, R. Plavka and Z. Hájek. J Perinat Med 2017
https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2016-0277
Keywords for this article
Body mass index (BMI); depression; obesity; postpartum; pregnancy

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review article
  3. The assessment of labor: a brief history
  4. Original articles – Obstetrics
  5. The combined exposure to intra-amniotic inflammation and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome increases the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates
  6. Uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index at 11–38 weeks in ICSI pregnancies with egg donation
  7. Violence before pregnancy and the risk of violence during pregnancy
  8. Cancer during pregnancy – clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognosis for mothers and infants
  9. The effect of attending a prenatal childbirth preparedness course on labor duration and outcomes
  10. Serum fibrinogen levels could be an index of successful use of balloon tamponade in postpartum hemorrhage
  11. Impact factors on cervical dilation rates in the first stage of labor
  12. Feasibility and acceptability of text messaging to support antenatal healthcare in Iraqi pregnant women: a pilot study
  13. Clinical characteristics and outcome of twin pregnancies complicated by single intrauterine death
  14. Utility of routine urine CMV PCR and total serum IgM testing of small for gestational age infants: a single center review
  15. The association between pre-pregnancy obesity and screening results of depression for all trimesters of pregnancy, postpartum and 1 year after birth: a cohort study
  16. Original articles – Fetus
  17. Causes of intrauterine fetal death are changing in recent years
  18. Original articles – Newborn
  19. Proactive approach at the limits of viability improves the short-term outcome of neonates born after 23 weeks’ gestation
  20. Letter to the Editor
  21. Exact days of gestation necessary for infants at borderline viability: reply to Proactive approach at the limits of viability improves the short-term outcome of neonates born after 23weeks’ gestation. P. Šimják, J. Smíšek, M. Koucký, T. Lamberská, R. Plavka and Z. Hájek. J Perinat Med 2017
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