Levels of cytokines in umbilical cord blood in relation to spontaneous term labor
-
Erol Tutdibi
,
Angela Hunecke
Abstract
Objective: Inflammatory mechanisms are thought to play an important role in the process of labor, both in preterm and spontaneous term delivery. We aimed to determine whether normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) at term was associated with an inflammatory activation compared with elective cesarean section (ECS) without previous onset of labor.
Methods: Cytokine concentrations were measured in venous cord blood obtained from 60 term newborns (ECS, n=35; SVD, n=25) born to mothers with clinically uneventful pregnancy and without signs of infection.
Results: Both study groups showed no differences in birth weight, umbilical artery pH, Apgar at 5 min, and gender distribution. Infants delivered by ECS had lower gestational age: mean, 38.5 weeks (range, 37.0–39.6 weeks) vs. mean, 39.8 weeks (range, 37.9–42.4 weeks) (P<0.001). Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-17, IL-1 receptor antagonist, soluble IL-2 receptor α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon (IFN)-α2, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF-β, and interferon inducible protein 10 were not different between ECS and SVD. Newborns after SVD displayed increased levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1): mean, 8580 pg/mL (95% CI, 5554–11,606) vs. mean, 4864 pg/mL (95% CI, 2471–7257) (P<0.0012).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that, in healthy, term neonates, the exposition to normal spontaneous delivery and labor is not associated with systemic activation of different inflammatory mediators compared with ECS except for TGF-β1. Further studies are needed to evaluate the immunomodulatory role of labor-associated TGF-β1 increase in fetal cord blood.
©2012 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Original Articles – Obstetrics
- Intravenous iron treatment in pregnancy: comparison of high-dose ferric carboxymaltose vs. iron sucrose
- Trophoblastic progranulin expression is upregulated in cases of fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia
- Can a customized standard for large for gestational age identify women at risk of operative delivery and shoulder dystocia?
- Can discordance in CRL at the first trimester predict birth weight discordance in twin pregnancies?
- Anxiety and deterioration of quality of life factors associated with recurrent miscarriage in an observational study
- Neonatal outcome in infants of patients with radical vaginal trachelectomy
- The prevalence of gestational diabetes in advanced economies
- First-trimester reference ranges for decidual thickness and its relation to progesterone levels
- Original Articles – Fetus
- Levels of cytokines in umbilical cord blood in relation to spontaneous term labor
- Survival and neonatal outcome after fetoscopic guided laser occlusion (FLOC) of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in Sweden
- Is it necessary to induce labor in cases of intrauterine growth restriction at term?
- Fetal myocardial peak systolic strain before and after intrauterine red blood cell transfusion – a tissue Doppler imaging study
- Delayed interval delivery in twin and triplet pregnancies: 6 years of experience in one perinatal center
- Original Articles – Newborn
- Rapid neonatal weight gain increases risk of childhood overweight in offspring of diabetic mothers
- Factors that affect the postnatal increase in superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity in very low birth weight preterm infants
- Central-peripheral temperature gradient: an early diagnostic sign of late-onset neonatal sepsis in very low birth weight infants
- A practical method for reducing blindness due to retinopathy of prematurity in a developing country
- Manual neonatal ventilation training: a respiratory function monitor helps to reduce peak inspiratory pressures and tidal volumes during resuscitation
- Performance of the definitions of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis in neonates
- Congress Calendar
- Congress Calendar
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Original Articles – Obstetrics
- Intravenous iron treatment in pregnancy: comparison of high-dose ferric carboxymaltose vs. iron sucrose
- Trophoblastic progranulin expression is upregulated in cases of fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia
- Can a customized standard for large for gestational age identify women at risk of operative delivery and shoulder dystocia?
- Can discordance in CRL at the first trimester predict birth weight discordance in twin pregnancies?
- Anxiety and deterioration of quality of life factors associated with recurrent miscarriage in an observational study
- Neonatal outcome in infants of patients with radical vaginal trachelectomy
- The prevalence of gestational diabetes in advanced economies
- First-trimester reference ranges for decidual thickness and its relation to progesterone levels
- Original Articles – Fetus
- Levels of cytokines in umbilical cord blood in relation to spontaneous term labor
- Survival and neonatal outcome after fetoscopic guided laser occlusion (FLOC) of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in Sweden
- Is it necessary to induce labor in cases of intrauterine growth restriction at term?
- Fetal myocardial peak systolic strain before and after intrauterine red blood cell transfusion – a tissue Doppler imaging study
- Delayed interval delivery in twin and triplet pregnancies: 6 years of experience in one perinatal center
- Original Articles – Newborn
- Rapid neonatal weight gain increases risk of childhood overweight in offspring of diabetic mothers
- Factors that affect the postnatal increase in superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity in very low birth weight preterm infants
- Central-peripheral temperature gradient: an early diagnostic sign of late-onset neonatal sepsis in very low birth weight infants
- A practical method for reducing blindness due to retinopathy of prematurity in a developing country
- Manual neonatal ventilation training: a respiratory function monitor helps to reduce peak inspiratory pressures and tidal volumes during resuscitation
- Performance of the definitions of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis in neonates
- Congress Calendar
- Congress Calendar
