Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels in Preterm Infants Born before 33 Weeks of Gestation and Association of Transient Hypothyroxinemia with Postnatal Characteristics
-
Dilek Dilli
ABSTRACT
Background: Fetal thyroid function and the hypothalamopituitary-thyroid axis continue to mature throughout pregnancy. Therefore, thyroid hormone levels of premature infants differ from those of mature ones. Our primary objective was to evaluate the reference values of serum thyroid hormones in preterm infants born before 33 wk gestation. The second objective was to define a cut-off value for transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) according to gestational age and association of THOP with postnatal characteristics in these infants.
Subjects and methods: We recruited a cohort of 200 infants (26–32 wk gestation) admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) between March 2008 and February 2009. We assessed serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin (TSH), at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd-4th wk of life. Thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), thyroglobulin (Tg), and urinary iodine values were also measured at the 1st wk of life. The infants were divided into two groups according to gestational ages; group 1: 26-29 wk and group 2: 30-32 wk. Association of THOP with postnatal characteristics of these infants were evaluated.
Results: TT4 and TT3 values steadily increased from 1st wk to 3rd-4th wk while FT4 value did not significantly changed. FT3 value slightly decreased from 1st wk to 2nd wk and not significantly changed after this period. TSH value steadily decreased from 1st wk to 3rd-4th wk. For all postnatal ages, TT4, TT3, and FT3 values were lower in the lower gestational age group, while there was no significant difference for FT4 and TSH values between two gestational age groups. THOP rate decreased from first wk (24.0%, n=47) to 3rd-4th (14.0%, n=24) in all infants. When adjusted for age, THOP was associated with need for mechanical ventilation (P=0.03, OR:0.65, CI 95% 0.4-0.9) and for having respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (P=0.02, OR:0.61 CI95%: 0.4-0.9). Longer hospital stay (P=0.006, OR:0.96, CI 95% 0.94-0.99) was also found to be associated with THOP.
Conclusions: In preterm infants below 30 wk, thyroid hormones were lower and urinary iodine values were higher compared to infants with older gestational age. THOP at the first wk of life may convey important prognostic information about neonatal morbidity and length of hospitalization stay.
© Freund Publishing House Ltd.
Articles in the same Issue
- The Soy That Surrounds Us: An Endless Debate
- Soy as an Endocrine Disruptor: Cause for Caution?
- Mass Ascites in Mulibrey Nanism
- Delayed Gastric Emptying in Patients with Prader Willi Syndrome
- Age and Sex Differences in Fat Distribution in Non-Obese Japanese Children
- Premature Thelarche in Taiwanese Girls
- Growth Hormone, Insulin Like Growth Factor-1, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 Levels in the Neonatal Period: A Preliminary Study
- Bone Maturation in 1788 Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
- Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels in Preterm Infants Born before 33 Weeks of Gestation and Association of Transient Hypothyroxinemia with Postnatal Characteristics
- Birth Length is a Predictor of Adiponectin Levels in Japanese Young Children
- Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in CAH Patients with Severe CYP21A2 Point Mutations in the Republic of Macedonia
- Benign Transient Hyperphosphatasemia of Infancy. A Common Benign Scenario, a Big Concern for a Pediatrician
- Scarcity Despite Wealth: Osteopetrorickets
- Growth Hormone Therapy and the Risk of Tumor Recurrence after Brain Tumor Treatment in Children
- Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Children Referred to an Obesity Center
- Severe Dietary Protein Sensitivity and Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Heterozygous Mutation in HADH Gene
- Neonatal Autoimmune Hypothyroidism: A Patient Report
- Adverse Effect of Phenytoin on Glucocorticoid Replacement in a Child with Adrenal Insufficiency
- Investigation of Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome in Children with Hypothyroidism: Reversal after Treatment with Thyroxine
- Kabuki Syndrome and Crohn Disease in a Child with Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Articles in the same Issue
- The Soy That Surrounds Us: An Endless Debate
- Soy as an Endocrine Disruptor: Cause for Caution?
- Mass Ascites in Mulibrey Nanism
- Delayed Gastric Emptying in Patients with Prader Willi Syndrome
- Age and Sex Differences in Fat Distribution in Non-Obese Japanese Children
- Premature Thelarche in Taiwanese Girls
- Growth Hormone, Insulin Like Growth Factor-1, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 Levels in the Neonatal Period: A Preliminary Study
- Bone Maturation in 1788 Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
- Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels in Preterm Infants Born before 33 Weeks of Gestation and Association of Transient Hypothyroxinemia with Postnatal Characteristics
- Birth Length is a Predictor of Adiponectin Levels in Japanese Young Children
- Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in CAH Patients with Severe CYP21A2 Point Mutations in the Republic of Macedonia
- Benign Transient Hyperphosphatasemia of Infancy. A Common Benign Scenario, a Big Concern for a Pediatrician
- Scarcity Despite Wealth: Osteopetrorickets
- Growth Hormone Therapy and the Risk of Tumor Recurrence after Brain Tumor Treatment in Children
- Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Children Referred to an Obesity Center
- Severe Dietary Protein Sensitivity and Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Heterozygous Mutation in HADH Gene
- Neonatal Autoimmune Hypothyroidism: A Patient Report
- Adverse Effect of Phenytoin on Glucocorticoid Replacement in a Child with Adrenal Insufficiency
- Investigation of Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome in Children with Hypothyroidism: Reversal after Treatment with Thyroxine
- Kabuki Syndrome and Crohn Disease in a Child with Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
