Presence of hyperandrogenemia in cases evaluated due to menstrual irregularity, the effect of clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia on polycystic ovary syndrome
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Serkan Bilge Koca
,
Esra Tengiç
und
Gönül Büyükyılmaz
Abstract
Objectives
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known one of the most common causes of menstrual irregularities and hyperandrogenism in adolescents. We compared cases with increased risk for PCOS (presence of clinical hyperandrogenemia (CH) and/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia (BH) along with menstrual irregularity (MI)) and cases with only MI.
Methods
Patients were divided into four subgroups. Those with only MI (n=130), CH+MI (n=68), BH+MI (n=25), and CH+BH+MI (n=31). Age, weight, height, and body mass index were recorded. The CH was assessed by the presence of persistent acne, hirsutism, or androgenic alopecia. Modified Ferriman Gallwey (mFG) score was used to evaluate hirsutism. Cases with total testosterone levels above 55 ng/dL were considered to have BH.
Results
We observed that basal LH and LH/FSH ratio do not provide insight into CH. Unlike, DHEA-S (p=0.006), total testosterone (p=0.003), and free androgen index (FAI) (p=0.027) are relatively high in patients with CH. Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is lower in cases with only MI compared to cases with increased risk of PCOS (43.3 vs. 56.7 %, p=0.096). We predicted that 28.05 μg/L for Total testosterone, 75.9 for FAI, and 192.9 μg/dL for DHEA-S could be used as a cut-off value with a sensitivity and specificity over 60 %, to distinguish MI from increased risk for PCOS.
Conclusions
After excluding other secondary endocrinological causes of MI in the first years, routine use of total testosterone, DHEA-S, and FAI is sufficient to distinguish cases presenting menstrual disorders due to anovulation from increased risk of PCOS.
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Research ethics: The local Institutional Review Board approved the study.
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Informed consent: The research is a retrospective study. It does not require consent.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
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Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Pubertal disorders in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systemic review
- Hormonal therapy for impaired growth due to pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
- Mini Review
- Neonatal hypoglycaemia in the offsprings of parents with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
- Original Articles
- Cord blood metabolomic profiling in high risk newborns born to diabetic, obese, and overweight mothers: preliminary report
- Impact of Covid-19 on children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: lifestyle, telecommunication service, and quality of life
- The diagnostic utility of bioelectrical impedance analysis in distinguishing precocious puberty from premature thelarche
- Infant gonadotropins predict spontaneous puberty in girls with Turner syndrome
- Bioinformatics analysis explores key pathways and hub genes in central precocious puberty
- Impact of growth hormone therapy on bone and body composition in prepubertal children with idiopathic short stature
- Presence of hyperandrogenemia in cases evaluated due to menstrual irregularity, the effect of clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia on polycystic ovary syndrome
- Cardiac function in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Short Communication
- Clinical and genetic insights into congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia: a case series from a tertiary care center in North India
- Case Reports
- Two families, two pathways: a case series of 46, XY DSD with 17α-hydroxylase deficiency and isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency due to novel CYB5A variant
- Coexistence of SRY, DHX37 and POR gene variants in a patient with 46,XY disorder of sex development
- Diabetes, macrocytosis, and skin changes in large-scale mtDNA deletion
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Pubertal disorders in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systemic review
- Hormonal therapy for impaired growth due to pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
- Mini Review
- Neonatal hypoglycaemia in the offsprings of parents with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
- Original Articles
- Cord blood metabolomic profiling in high risk newborns born to diabetic, obese, and overweight mothers: preliminary report
- Impact of Covid-19 on children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: lifestyle, telecommunication service, and quality of life
- The diagnostic utility of bioelectrical impedance analysis in distinguishing precocious puberty from premature thelarche
- Infant gonadotropins predict spontaneous puberty in girls with Turner syndrome
- Bioinformatics analysis explores key pathways and hub genes in central precocious puberty
- Impact of growth hormone therapy on bone and body composition in prepubertal children with idiopathic short stature
- Presence of hyperandrogenemia in cases evaluated due to menstrual irregularity, the effect of clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia on polycystic ovary syndrome
- Cardiac function in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Short Communication
- Clinical and genetic insights into congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia: a case series from a tertiary care center in North India
- Case Reports
- Two families, two pathways: a case series of 46, XY DSD with 17α-hydroxylase deficiency and isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency due to novel CYB5A variant
- Coexistence of SRY, DHX37 and POR gene variants in a patient with 46,XY disorder of sex development
- Diabetes, macrocytosis, and skin changes in large-scale mtDNA deletion
