Association between maternal and cord blood thyroid hormones, and urine iodine concentration with fetal growth
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Bita Alimardani
,
Silva Hovsepian
,
Nafiseh Mozafarian
Abstract
Objectives
We planned to evaluate the association of fetal and maternal thyroid hormones and maternal iodine status with neonates’ anthropometric parameters.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, levels of thyrotropin were measured in maternal serum in the first trimester of pregnancy, and thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxin (fT4) were measured in cord blood serum samples at birth. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) levels in random urine samples of mothers were measured in the third trimester of pregnancy. The relationship between UIC and thyroid hormone levels of mothers with neonates’ anthropometric birth parameters of neonates was evaluated.
Results
One hundred eighty-eight mother–newborn pairs completed the study. Mean (SD) of cord blood TSH (CB-TSH), cord blood-free thyroxin (CB-FT4) values, and maternal TSH (M-TSH) levels were 8.8 (7.3) mIU/L, 1.01 (0.2) ng/dL, and 2.2 (0.9) mIU/L, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, there was a positive significant association between female neonate length and maternal TSH and log log-transformed CB TSH (LN_CB-TSH) (p<0.05). Median UIC (Q1–Q3) was 157 (53–241) μg/L, and there was no association between birth weight, birth length, and head circumferences of neonates and mothers’ UIC (p>0.05).
Conclusions
We found a positive correlation between maternal TSH in the first trimester of pregnancy and the birth length of newborns, and a negative correlation was observed between CB-TSH and birth length in girls, but it did not provide conclusive evidence for the relationship between maternal and neonatal thyroid hormone levels and birth weight. There was no association between maternal UIC levels in the third trimester and birth anthropometric parameters.
Funding source: National Institute for Medical Research Development
Award Identifier / Grant number: 977544
Funding source: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Award Identifier / Grant number: Unassigned
Acknowledgments
We would like to acknowledge all patients and participants for their cooperation and all laboratory staff of the Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences for their efforts in performing laboratory measurements
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Research ethics: The present study was approved by the National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD; Grant No. 977544; Ethical Code: IR.NIMAD.REC.1397.435). It was a sub-study of the PERSIAN birth cohort, project 194354 (IR.MUI.REC.1394.1.354), funded by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The study was performed under the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
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Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
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Author contributions: All authors (BA, MH, SH, NM, MKh, RK) have participated in the conception of the study as well as in the analysis and interpretation of data, elaboration, or critical reviews of the report, and they have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors confirm there are no concerns of financial involvement with organizations, entities, or individuals with an interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript, and no conflict of interest.
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Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Research funding: The present study was funded by the National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD; Grant No. 977544).
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Data availability: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to privacy/ethical restrictions but are available from the corresponding author at reasonable request.
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© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Incidences of newly diagnosed childhood diabetes and onset severity: a multicenter regional study in Thailand over two decades and during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Exploring ketoacidosis frequency and risk factors in childhood-onset type 1 diabetes: an 8-year retrospective study (2011–2018) at a tertiary paediatric hospital in Tripoli, Libya
- Automated insulin delivery in children with type 1 diabetes during physical activity: a meta-analysis
- Association between maternal and cord blood thyroid hormones, and urine iodine concentration with fetal growth
- Post hoc subgroup analysis of Asian children with paediatric GHD from the global phase 3 efficacy and safety study of once-weekly somatrogon vs. once-daily somatropin
- Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) due to Arg242 His variant in ALB gene in Turkish children
- A novel useful marker in the early discrimination of transient hyperthyrotropinemia/hypothyroxinemia and congenital hypothyroidism in preterm infants: thyroid-stimulating hormone/free thyroxine ratio
- Comprehensive analyses of phenylalanine hydroxylase variants and phenotypic characteristics of patients in the eastern region of Türkiye
- Relationship between urinary sodium excretion and bone mineral density in pediatrics: population-based study from KNHANES V 2010–2011
- Trajectory of the body mass index of children and adolescents attending a reference mental health center
- Case Reports
- Prenatal presentation of a hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule
- A very rare presentation of mitochondrial elongation factor Tu deficiency-TUFM mutation and literature review
- Identification of a novel homozygous NR5A1 variant in a patient with a 46,XY disorders of sex development
- Use of [18F]fluorocholine PET/CT in the detection of primary hyperparathyroidism in paediatrics: a case report
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Incidences of newly diagnosed childhood diabetes and onset severity: a multicenter regional study in Thailand over two decades and during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Exploring ketoacidosis frequency and risk factors in childhood-onset type 1 diabetes: an 8-year retrospective study (2011–2018) at a tertiary paediatric hospital in Tripoli, Libya
- Automated insulin delivery in children with type 1 diabetes during physical activity: a meta-analysis
- Association between maternal and cord blood thyroid hormones, and urine iodine concentration with fetal growth
- Post hoc subgroup analysis of Asian children with paediatric GHD from the global phase 3 efficacy and safety study of once-weekly somatrogon vs. once-daily somatropin
- Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) due to Arg242 His variant in ALB gene in Turkish children
- A novel useful marker in the early discrimination of transient hyperthyrotropinemia/hypothyroxinemia and congenital hypothyroidism in preterm infants: thyroid-stimulating hormone/free thyroxine ratio
- Comprehensive analyses of phenylalanine hydroxylase variants and phenotypic characteristics of patients in the eastern region of Türkiye
- Relationship between urinary sodium excretion and bone mineral density in pediatrics: population-based study from KNHANES V 2010–2011
- Trajectory of the body mass index of children and adolescents attending a reference mental health center
- Case Reports
- Prenatal presentation of a hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule
- A very rare presentation of mitochondrial elongation factor Tu deficiency-TUFM mutation and literature review
- Identification of a novel homozygous NR5A1 variant in a patient with a 46,XY disorders of sex development
- Use of [18F]fluorocholine PET/CT in the detection of primary hyperparathyroidism in paediatrics: a case report
