Abstract
Background:
The objective of this study is to bring attention to the importance of differential diagnosis in adolescent patients with skeletal involvement and hypercalcemia.
Case:
A 17-year-old male patient with a complaint of severe leg pain was admitted to our hospital. Seven months before he had a fracture of his distal humerus after falling on to his left shoulder and was treated conservatively. Five months previously, he had a rupture of his quadriceps tendon. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for the quadriceps tendon rupture and was evaluated as polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD). Doctors decided to operate for the ruptured tendon but they detected severe hypercalcemia in the pre-operative blood tests and noticed that the main disease was primary hyper-parathyroidisim (PHPT) which was caused by a giant parathyroid adenoma.
Conclusions
Giant parathyroid adenoma can present in adolescent patients with multiple bone lesions and severe hypercalcemia. PHPT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pathological bone fractures and benign bone tumors in every age. This may prevent patients from miss or delayed diagnosis of PHPT.
Author contributions: Concept – KK, MU; Design – NA, KK; Analysis and/or interpretation: AO, KK; literature search: NA, KK; drafting article: NA, MB; critical reviews: MU. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
1. Felger EA, Kandil E. Primary hyperparathyroidism. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2010;43:417–32.10.1016/j.otc.2010.01.009Search in Google Scholar
2. Pashtan I, Grogan RH, Kaplan SP, Devon K, Angelos P, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in adolescents: the same but different. Pediatr Surg Int 2013;29:275–9.10.1007/s00383-012-3222-3Search in Google Scholar
3. Paunovic I, Zivaljevic V, Stojanic R, Kalezic N, Kazic M, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in children and young adults: a single institution experience. Acta Chir Belg 2013;113:35–9.10.1080/00015458.2013.11680882Search in Google Scholar
4. Shields TW, Immerman SC. Mediastinal parathyroid cysts revisited. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;67:581.10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00018-1Search in Google Scholar
5. Agarwal G, Mishra SK, Kar DK, Singh AK, Arya V, et al. Recovery pattern of patients with osteitis fibrosa cystica in primary hyperparathyroidism after successful parathyroidectomy. Surgery 2002;132:1075–85.10.1067/msy.2002.128484Search in Google Scholar PubMed
6. Bandeira F, Cusano NE, Silva BC, Cassibba S, Almeida CB, et al. Bone disease in primary hyperparathyroidism. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2014;58:553–61.10.1590/0004-2730000003381Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
7. Mallet E. Primary hyperparathyroidism neonates and childhood. The French experience (1984–2004). Horm Res 2008;69:180–8.10.1159/000112592Search in Google Scholar PubMed
8. McNeilly JD, Boal R, Shaikh MG, Ahmed SF. Frequency and aetiology of hypercalcaemia. Arch Dis Child 2016;101:344–7.10.1136/archdischild-2015-309029Search in Google Scholar PubMed
9. Lietman SA, Germain-Lee EL, Levine MA. Hypercalcemia in children and adolescents. Curr Opin Pediatr 2010;22:508.10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833b7c23Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
10. Kollars J, Zarroug AE, van Heerden J, Lteif A, Stavlo P, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in pediatric patients. Pediatrics 2005;115:974–80.10.1542/peds.2004-0804Search in Google Scholar PubMed
11. Alagaratnam S, Kurzawinski TR. Aetiology, Diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in children: new trends. Horm Res Paediatr 2015;83:365–7.10.1159/000381622Search in Google Scholar
12. Lawson ML, Miller SF, Ellis G, Filler RM, Kooh SW. Primary hyperparathyroidism in a pediatric hospital. Q J Med 1996;89:921–32.10.1093/qjmed/89.12.921Search in Google Scholar
13. Lalanne-Mistrih ML, Ognois-Ausse P, Goudet P, Cougard P. Giant parathyroid tumors: characterization of 26 glands weighing more than 3.5 grams. Ann Chir 2002;127:198–202.10.1016/S0003-3944(02)00717-4Search in Google Scholar
14. Spanheimer PM, Stoltze AJ, Howe JR. Do giant parathyroid adenomas represent a distinct clinical entity? Surgery 2013;154:714–8.10.1016/j.surg.2013.05.013Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
15. Li Y, Simonds WF. Endocrine neoplasms in familial syndromes of hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015;23:R229–47.10.1530/ERC-16-0059Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
16. Stålberg P, Carling T. Familial parathyroid tumors: diagnosis and management. World J Surg 2009;33:2234–43.10.1007/s00268-009-9924-6Search in Google Scholar PubMed
17. Ahmad S, Kuraganti G, Steenkamp D. Hypercalcemic crisis: a clinical review. Am J Med 2015;128:239–45.10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.09.030Search in Google Scholar PubMed
18. Asghar A, Ikram M, Islami N. A case report: giant cystic parathyroid adenoma presenting with parathyroid crisis after Vitamin D replacement. BMC Endocr Disord 2012;12:14.10.1186/1472-6823-12-14Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
19. Garas G, Poulasouchidou M, Dimoulas A, Hytiroglou P, Kita M, et al. Radiological considerations and surgical planning in the treatment of giant parathyroid adenomas. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2015;97:e64–6.10.1308/003588415X14181254789682Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
20. Witteveen J, van Thiel S, Romijn JA, Hamdy N. Hungry bone syndrome: still a challenge in the post-operative management of primary hyperparathyroidism. A systemic review of the literature. Eur J Endocrinol 2013;168:R45–53.10.1530/EJE-12-0528Search in Google Scholar PubMed
21. Ohe MN, Santos RO, Hojaij F, Neves MC, Kunii IS, et al. Parathyroid carcinoma and hungry bone syndrome. Arq Bras Endocrinologia Metabologia 2013;57:79–86.10.1590/S0004-27302013000100011Search in Google Scholar
©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Imaging methods for bone mass evaluation during childhood and adolescence: an update
- Original Articles
- Risk factors for overweight and obesity in children aged 2–6 years
- Copy number variations in “classical” obesity candidate genes are not frequently associated with severe early-onset obesity in children
- Trends in the prevalence of extreme obesity among Korean children and adolescents from 2001 to 2014
- Plasma but not serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration is decreased by oral glucose tolerance test-induced hyperglycemia in children
- Environmental and genetic determinants of two vitamin D metabolites in healthy Australian children
- Evaluation of vitamin D prophylaxis in 3–36-month-old infants and children
- Possible effects of neonatal vitamin B12 status on TSH-screening program: a cross-sectional study from Turkey
- Effects of L-thyroxine treatment on heart functions in infants with congenital hypothyroidism
- Hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls: relationship with the somatotrophic axis
- Plasma kisspeptin and ghrelin levels in puberty variant cases
- Genotype-phenotype correlation in paediatric pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a single centre experience from India
- Short Communication
- Provider variability in the initial diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism
- Case Reports
- Giant parathyroid adenoma associated with severe hypercalcemia in an adolescent patient
- Personalized precision medicine in extreme preterm infants with transient neonatal diabetes mellitus
- Pseudohypoaldosteronism types I and II: little more than a name in common
- Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease: literature review and case report of a 6-year-old boy
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Imaging methods for bone mass evaluation during childhood and adolescence: an update
- Original Articles
- Risk factors for overweight and obesity in children aged 2–6 years
- Copy number variations in “classical” obesity candidate genes are not frequently associated with severe early-onset obesity in children
- Trends in the prevalence of extreme obesity among Korean children and adolescents from 2001 to 2014
- Plasma but not serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration is decreased by oral glucose tolerance test-induced hyperglycemia in children
- Environmental and genetic determinants of two vitamin D metabolites in healthy Australian children
- Evaluation of vitamin D prophylaxis in 3–36-month-old infants and children
- Possible effects of neonatal vitamin B12 status on TSH-screening program: a cross-sectional study from Turkey
- Effects of L-thyroxine treatment on heart functions in infants with congenital hypothyroidism
- Hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls: relationship with the somatotrophic axis
- Plasma kisspeptin and ghrelin levels in puberty variant cases
- Genotype-phenotype correlation in paediatric pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a single centre experience from India
- Short Communication
- Provider variability in the initial diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism
- Case Reports
- Giant parathyroid adenoma associated with severe hypercalcemia in an adolescent patient
- Personalized precision medicine in extreme preterm infants with transient neonatal diabetes mellitus
- Pseudohypoaldosteronism types I and II: little more than a name in common
- Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease: literature review and case report of a 6-year-old boy