Startseite Technik An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review
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An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review

  • Diksha Chauhan ORCID logo , Zen Sbeah , Ram Prakash Dwivedi EMAIL logo , Jean-Michel Nunzi ORCID logo und Mohindra Singh Thakur
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 2. Mai 2022
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Journal of Optical Communications
Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Optical Communications Band 45 Heft 3

Abstract

Plasmonics is an emerging and very advantageous technology which provides high speed and tiny size devices for fulfilling the demand of today’s high-speed world. SPPs are the information carrying elements in plasmonics, which are capable of breaking the diffraction limit. Plasmonics technology has shown its application in uncountable nanophotonic applications like switching, filtering, light modulation, sensing and in many more fields. Modulators are the key components of integrated photonic system. Various modulators which work on different effects are discussed in this study for providing a universal idea of modulators to researchers. Some useful plasmonic active materials are also discussed which are used in most of plasmonic modulators and other active devices. Previously, many researchers have worked on many kinds of modulators and switches, which operate on different kind of operating principles. For providing an overview about plasmonic modulators, their classification and their operation, we have discussed the state of art of some previously introduced modulators and switches which operates on electro-refractive effects and include electro-optic effect, Pockels effect, free charge carrier dispersion effect, phase change effect, elasto-optic effect, magneto-optic effect, and thermo-optic effect. Instead of different effects used in plasmonic switches and modulators different active materials like liquid crystals, graphene, vanadium di-oxide, chalcogenides, polymers, indium tin oxide, bismuth ferrite, barium titanate, and lithium niobate are also explained with their properties. Additionally, we also compared modulators based on different effects in terms of their design characteristics and performances.

Keywords: active materials; modulators; plasmonic; switches
Corresponding author: Ram Prakash Dwivedi, School of Core Engineering, Shoolini University, Solan, India, E-mail:

Funding source: Shoolini University

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: This work is supported by Shoolini University, Solan (India).

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2021-01-11
Accepted: 2022-04-06
Published Online: 2022-05-02
Published in Print: 2024-07-26

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Amplifiers
  3. Performance analysis of long band passive optical network using amplifier spontaneous noise and fiber Bragg gratings
  4. Raman pumps power distribution optimization for maximum overall gain and flatness of a hybrid SOA/EDFA/Raman optical amplifier
  5. Devices
  6. A proposal for all optical digital multiplexer using photonic crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators
  7. A tunable optical frequency comb source using cascaded frequency modulator and Mach–Zehnder modulators
  8. A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
  9. An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review
  10. Fibers
  11. High data-rate two-three inputs all-optical AND gate based on FWM in highly nonlinear fiber
  12. Fiber nonlinear impairments compensation based on nonlinear step size and modified adaptive digital back propagation
  13. Integrated Optics
  14. Sensing performance of Au–Ag bimetal coated planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer film for biosensing applications
  15. Networks
  16. Performance analysis of wavelength division multiplexing MDM-PON system using different advanced modulations
  17. Analysis of optical networks in presence of nodes noise and crosstalk
  18. RNN based EPON dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for complex network
  19. Efficient design of a Raman amplified wavelength division multiplexed communication network at 1330 nm
  20. A novel strategy to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for data center traffic in elastic optical networks
  21. Receivers
  22. Underwater wireless optical communication utilizing multiple input–multiple output (MIMO)-LED system for RF transmission with solar panel receiver
  23. A systematic literature review on channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM system: performance analysis and future direction
  24. Systems
  25. Effect of optical pulse shaping and adaptive equalization on the performance of 100G DP-QPSK WDM system
  26. Pulse width shortening combinations (PWSC) for ultra-dense WDM systems and calculation of PWSE
  27. Power allocation scheme in MIMO-OFDM UWOC system with varying receiver spacing channel gain analysis
  28. Free-space optical link optimization in visible light communication system
  29. Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems
  30. Optical wireless communication under the effect of low electric field
  31. Multibeam FSO-based 5G communication system using M-ary DPSK encoder
  32. Review of fibreless optical communication technology: history, evolution, and emerging trends
  33. Theory
  34. Throughput analysis of dual hop hybrid RF-VLC system with wireless energy harvesting
  35. Average spectral efficiency of multi-pulse position with adaptive transmissions and aperture averaging over atmospheric turbulence
  36. Dynamic changes of VN resource requests research on dynamic VN mapping algorithms for increasing demand for resources
https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2021-0264
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
active materials; modulators; plasmonic; switches

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Amplifiers
  3. Performance analysis of long band passive optical network using amplifier spontaneous noise and fiber Bragg gratings
  4. Raman pumps power distribution optimization for maximum overall gain and flatness of a hybrid SOA/EDFA/Raman optical amplifier
  5. Devices
  6. A proposal for all optical digital multiplexer using photonic crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators
  7. A tunable optical frequency comb source using cascaded frequency modulator and Mach–Zehnder modulators
  8. A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
  9. An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review
  10. Fibers
  11. High data-rate two-three inputs all-optical AND gate based on FWM in highly nonlinear fiber
  12. Fiber nonlinear impairments compensation based on nonlinear step size and modified adaptive digital back propagation
  13. Integrated Optics
  14. Sensing performance of Au–Ag bimetal coated planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer film for biosensing applications
  15. Networks
  16. Performance analysis of wavelength division multiplexing MDM-PON system using different advanced modulations
  17. Analysis of optical networks in presence of nodes noise and crosstalk
  18. RNN based EPON dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for complex network
  19. Efficient design of a Raman amplified wavelength division multiplexed communication network at 1330 nm
  20. A novel strategy to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for data center traffic in elastic optical networks
  21. Receivers
  22. Underwater wireless optical communication utilizing multiple input–multiple output (MIMO)-LED system for RF transmission with solar panel receiver
  23. A systematic literature review on channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM system: performance analysis and future direction
  24. Systems
  25. Effect of optical pulse shaping and adaptive equalization on the performance of 100G DP-QPSK WDM system
  26. Pulse width shortening combinations (PWSC) for ultra-dense WDM systems and calculation of PWSE
  27. Power allocation scheme in MIMO-OFDM UWOC system with varying receiver spacing channel gain analysis
  28. Free-space optical link optimization in visible light communication system
  29. Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems
  30. Optical wireless communication under the effect of low electric field
  31. Multibeam FSO-based 5G communication system using M-ary DPSK encoder
  32. Review of fibreless optical communication technology: history, evolution, and emerging trends
  33. Theory
  34. Throughput analysis of dual hop hybrid RF-VLC system with wireless energy harvesting
  35. Average spectral efficiency of multi-pulse position with adaptive transmissions and aperture averaging over atmospheric turbulence
  36. Dynamic changes of VN resource requests research on dynamic VN mapping algorithms for increasing demand for resources
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Heruntergeladen am 1.1.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/joc-2021-0264/pdf
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