Home Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems

  • Tahereh Bogheiri and Abbasali Ghorban Sabbagh ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: April 20, 2022
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

This paper first determines the generalized optical orthogonal code (GOOC) parameters to minimize the bit error probability in fiber-optic code division multiple access systems. The systems use on-off keying as the modulator and the optical AND logic gate as the receiver. In situations where the problem of finding the lowest bit error probability has more than one answer, we introduce and examine four approaches to choose the optimal answer. Finally, by employing a complete search of code parameters, we determine GOOC parameters (if there are any) to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency considering the design constraints, i.e., the number of network users and the maximum acceptable probability of error.


Corresponding author: Abbasali Ghorban Sabbagh, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Quchan University of Technology under a grant number 2783.

  1. Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

References

1. Prucnal, PR. Optical code division multiple access: fundamentals and applications. New York: Taylor & Francis; 2006.10.1201/9781420026610Search in Google Scholar

2. Qiu, Y, Chen, S, Chen, H, Meng, W. Visible light communications based on CDMA technology. IEEE Commun Mag 2018;2:178–85. https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2017.1700051.Search in Google Scholar

3. Hammouda, M, Vegni, AM, Peissig, J, Biagi, M. Resource allocation in a multi-color DS-OCDMA VLC cellular architecture. Opt Express 2018:5940–61. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.005940.Search in Google Scholar

4. Hasan, MJ, Khalighi, MA, García-Márquez, J, Béchadergue, B. Performance analysis of optical-CDMA for uplink transmission in medical extra-WBANs. IEEE Access 2020;18:171672–85. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3025005.Search in Google Scholar

5. Hasan, MJ, Khalighi, MA, Béchadergue, B. Experimental implementation of optical-CDMA for medical extra-WBAN links. In: 12th IEEE/IET International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP), Porto, Portugal, 20-22 July 2020.Search in Google Scholar

6. Akhoundi, F, Salehi, JA, Tashakori, A. Cellular underwater wireless optical CDMA network: performance analysis and implementation concepts. IEEE Trans Commun 2015;63:882–91. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2015.2400441.Search in Google Scholar

7. Jamali, MV, Akhoundi, F, Salehi, JA. Performance characterization of relay-assisted wireless optical CDMA networks in turbulent underwater channel. IEEE Trans Commun 2016;15:4104–16. https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2533616.Search in Google Scholar

8. Akhoundi, F, Jamali, MV, Hassan, NB, Beyranvand, H, Minoofar, A, Salehi, JA. Cellular underwater wireless optical CDMA network: potentials and challenges. IEEE Access 2016;4:4254–68. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2593398.Search in Google Scholar

9. Ghorban Sabbagh, A, Zare, M F. Performance analysis of unequal-mark-power optical CDMA systems. IEEE Trans Commun 2020;68:3696–705. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.2978840.Search in Google Scholar

10. Kwong, WC, Yang, GC. Design of multilength optical orthogonal codes for optical CDMA multimedia networks. IEEE Trans Commun 2002;50:1258–65. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2002.801499.Search in Google Scholar

11. Yang, GC. Variable-weight optical orthogonal codes for CDMA networks with multiple performance requirements. IEEE Trans Commun 1996;44:47–55. https://doi.org/10.1109/26.476096.Search in Google Scholar

12. Salehi, JA. Code-division multiple access techniques in optical fiber networks-part I: fundamental principles. IEEE Trans Commun 1989;37:824–33. https://doi.org/10.1109/26.31181.Search in Google Scholar

13. Mashhadi, S, Salehi, JA. Code-division multiple-access techniques in optical fiber networks-part III: optical AND gate receiver structure using generalized optical orthogonal codes. IEEE Trans Commun 2006;54:1457–68. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2006.878835.Search in Google Scholar

14. Wei, Z, Ghafouri-Shiraz, H. Codes for spectral-amplitude-coding optical CDMA systems. J Lightwave Technol 2002;20:1284–91. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2002.800301.Search in Google Scholar

15. Kwong, WC, Yang, GC, Baby, V, Bres, CS. Multiple-wavelength optical orthogonal codes under prime-sequence permutations for optical CDMA. IEEE Trans Commun 2005;53:117–23. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2004.840661.Search in Google Scholar

16. Liu, F, Karbassian, MM, Ghafouri-Shiraz, H. Novel family of prime codes for synchronous optical CDMA. Opt Quant Electron 2007;39:79–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-007-9066-8.Search in Google Scholar

17. Morsy, MA, Alsayyar, AS. Performance analysis of OCDMA wireless communication system based on double length modified prime code for security improvement. IET Commun 2020;14:1139–46. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2019.0533.Search in Google Scholar

18. Salehi, JA, Brackett, CA. Code-division multiple access techniques in optical fiber networks-part II: system performance analysis. IEEE Trans Commun 1989;37:834–42. https://doi.org/10.1109/26.31182.Search in Google Scholar

19. Ghorban Sabbagh, A, Molavi, K M. Performance analysis of optical CDMA systems utilizing optical encoding in presence of interference and receiver noises. J Opt Commun 2011;32:177–86. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc.2011.023.Search in Google Scholar

20. Shalaby, MHM. Chip-level detection in optical code division multiple access. J Lightwave Technol 1998;16:1077–87. https://doi.org/10.1109/50.681466.Search in Google Scholar

21. Ghaffari, BM, Salehi, JA. Multiclass, multistage, and multilevel fiber-optic CDMA signaling techniques based on advanced binary optical logic gate elements. IEEE Trans Commun 2009;57:1424–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2009.05.070292.Search in Google Scholar

22. Verdu, S, Shamai, S. Spectral efficiency of CDMA with random signaling. IEEE Trans Inf Theor 1999;45:622–40. https://doi.org/10.1109/18.749007.Search in Google Scholar

23. Kamath, P, Touch, JD, Bannister, JA. The need for media access control in optical CDMA networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM Conference, Hong Kong, China, 7–11 March 2004.Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2021-12-14
Revised: 2022-01-28
Accepted: 2022-03-22
Published Online: 2022-04-20
Published in Print: 2024-07-26

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Amplifiers
  3. Performance analysis of long band passive optical network using amplifier spontaneous noise and fiber Bragg gratings
  4. Raman pumps power distribution optimization for maximum overall gain and flatness of a hybrid SOA/EDFA/Raman optical amplifier
  5. Devices
  6. A proposal for all optical digital multiplexer using photonic crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators
  7. A tunable optical frequency comb source using cascaded frequency modulator and Mach–Zehnder modulators
  8. A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
  9. An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review
  10. Fibers
  11. High data-rate two-three inputs all-optical AND gate based on FWM in highly nonlinear fiber
  12. Fiber nonlinear impairments compensation based on nonlinear step size and modified adaptive digital back propagation
  13. Integrated Optics
  14. Sensing performance of Au–Ag bimetal coated planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer film for biosensing applications
  15. Networks
  16. Performance analysis of wavelength division multiplexing MDM-PON system using different advanced modulations
  17. Analysis of optical networks in presence of nodes noise and crosstalk
  18. RNN based EPON dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for complex network
  19. Efficient design of a Raman amplified wavelength division multiplexed communication network at 1330 nm
  20. A novel strategy to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for data center traffic in elastic optical networks
  21. Receivers
  22. Underwater wireless optical communication utilizing multiple input–multiple output (MIMO)-LED system for RF transmission with solar panel receiver
  23. A systematic literature review on channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM system: performance analysis and future direction
  24. Systems
  25. Effect of optical pulse shaping and adaptive equalization on the performance of 100G DP-QPSK WDM system
  26. Pulse width shortening combinations (PWSC) for ultra-dense WDM systems and calculation of PWSE
  27. Power allocation scheme in MIMO-OFDM UWOC system with varying receiver spacing channel gain analysis
  28. Free-space optical link optimization in visible light communication system
  29. Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems
  30. Optical wireless communication under the effect of low electric field
  31. Multibeam FSO-based 5G communication system using M-ary DPSK encoder
  32. Review of fibreless optical communication technology: history, evolution, and emerging trends
  33. Theory
  34. Throughput analysis of dual hop hybrid RF-VLC system with wireless energy harvesting
  35. Average spectral efficiency of multi-pulse position with adaptive transmissions and aperture averaging over atmospheric turbulence
  36. Dynamic changes of VN resource requests research on dynamic VN mapping algorithms for increasing demand for resources
Downloaded on 17.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/joc-2021-0283/html
Scroll to top button