Blood pressure lowering effects of Vernonia amygdalina Del. Aqueous fraction on hypertensive Wistar Kyoto rats

Dian Ayu Juwita; Rindang Farinka; Rahmad Abdillah; Fitri Rachmaini

doi:10.1515/jcim-2022-0416

Article

Blood pressure lowering effects of Vernonia amygdalina Del. Aqueous fraction on hypertensive Wistar Kyoto rats

Dian Ayu Juwita , Rindang Farinka , Rahmad Abdillah and Fitri Rachmaini

Published/Copyright: October 16, 2023

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From the journal Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Volume 20 Issue 4

Abstract

Objectives

Vernonia amygdalina (VA) is a plant that consumed as vegetable by Indonesians contained numerous secondary metabolites. VA’s pharmacological action, including its antioxidant properties, anticancer, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective. The purpose of this research is to reveal the activity of Vernonia amygdalina. leafs aqueous fraction (VALAF) as a blood pressure-lowering agent in hypertensive model.

Methods

Combination of prednisone and NaCl were used as hypertensive inducer. The animals were split into five different groups, normal control group treated with distilled water, treatment VALAF groups with dose of 10; 20 and 40 mg/kg BW respectively, while the last group was treated with captopril at dose of 2.25 mg/kg BW. All animals were given an oral treatment for 15 days. On days 5, 10, and 15, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and blood flow (BF) were all measured. On days 0 and 15, NO level were assessed. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, and Duncan Multiple Range Test.

Results

The V. amygdalina leaf aqueous fraction has blood pressure lowering activity. The blood pressure parameter of the rats treated with VALAF were lower as compared to the normal control group (p<0.05). NO levels in the VALAF group were not significantly higher than in the normal control group (p>0.05). The VALAF 20 give the greatest percentage of decrease in blood pressure, heart rate and blood volume on the 15^th day of examination.

Conclusions

These study indicated that V. amygdalina leaf aqueous fraction has the potential to be an alternative therapy for managing blood pressure in hypertensive animal models.

Keywords: Vernonia amygdalina ; diastolic blood pressure; systolic blood pressure

Corresponding author: Rahmad Abdillah, Assistant Professor, Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia, Phone: +62 85263794927, E-mail: rahmadabdillah@phar.unand.ac.id

Funding source: Universitas Andalas

Award Identifier / Grant number: T/3/UN16.17/PT.01.03/KO-RD/2022

Research ethics: The study was granted permission by the Andalas University Faculty of Medicine's Research and Ethics Committee (Protocol number: 224/UN.16.2/KEP-FK/2021).
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted full responsibility for the content of this article and have given their approval for its publication.
Competing interests: There are no conflicts of interest among the authors regarding the publishing of this research.
Research funding: This research was funded by a grant from Universitas Andalas (T/3/UN16.17/PT.01.03/KO-RD/2022).
Data availability: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included inthis published article. The data are available on reasonable request from the author.

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Received: 2022-12-26

Accepted: 2023-09-20

Published Online: 2023-10-16

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2022-0416

Keywords for this article

Vernonia amygdalina; diastolic blood pressure; systolic blood pressure