Mature coconut water exhibits antidiabetic and antithrombotic potential via L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in alloxan induced diabetic rats

References

1. WHO. Use of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Abbreviated Report of a WHO Consultation 2011;1–25.Suche in Google Scholar

2. American Diabetes Association (ADA). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2011;34:62–8.10.2337/dc11-S062Suche in Google Scholar

3. Nandhini R, Syed Safina SS, Saikumar P. Respiratory myopathy in type II diabetes mellitus. J Clin Diag Res 2012;6:354–7.Suche in Google Scholar

4. Bastaki S. Diabetes mellitus and its treatment. Int J Diabetes Metabol 2005;13:111–34.10.1159/000497580Suche in Google Scholar

5. Alzahrani SH, Ajjan RA. Coagulation and fibrinolysis in diabetes. Diabetes Vascular Disease Res 2010;7:260–73.10.1177/1479164110383723Suche in Google Scholar

6. Cemaluk EA, Ezeanyika LU. Effect of L-arginine on markers of metabolic syndrome related to abdominal obesity and disorder of lipid metabolism in female wistar albino rats. Am J Biochem 2012;2:7–13.10.5923/j.ajb.20120202.02Suche in Google Scholar

7. Nwangwa EK. The reno-protective effects of coconut water on the kidneys of diabetic wistar rats. J Health Sci 2012;2:1–4.10.5923/j.health.20120201.01Suche in Google Scholar

8. Preetha PP, Girija Devi V, Rajamohan T. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant potential of coconut water in experimental diabetes. Food Function 2012;3:753–7.10.1039/c2fo30066dSuche in Google Scholar

9. Preetha PP, Girija Devi V, Rajamohan T. Effects of coconut water on carbohydrate metabolism and pancreatic pathology of alloxan induced diabetic rats. Eur J Int Med 2013;5: 234–40.10.1016/j.eujim.2012.12.005Suche in Google Scholar

10. Preetha PP, Girija Devi V, Rajamohan T. Comparative effects of mature coconut water (Cocos nucifera) and glibenclamide on some biochemical parameters in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Braz J Pharmacogn 2013;23:481–7.10.1590/S0102-695X2013005000027Suche in Google Scholar

11. Preetha PP, Girija Devi V, Rajamohan T. Antihyperlipidemic effects of mature coconut water and its role in regulating lipid metabolism in alloxan-induced experimental diabetes. Comp Clin Pathol 2014;23:1331–7.10.1007/s00580-013-1784-7Suche in Google Scholar

12. Das UN, Mohan KI, Kumar VK, Kumar SG, Sekhar CC. Beneficial effect of L-arginine in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: a potential role for nitric oxide. Med Sci Res 1993;21:669–70.Suche in Google Scholar

13. Mohan IK, Das UN. Effect of L-arginine-nitric oxide system on chemical-induced diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 1998;25:757–65.10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00129-4Suche in Google Scholar

14. De Gennaro CV, Bianchi M, Pascale V, Ferrario P, Morelli F, Pascale W, et al. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA): an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and a novel cardiovascular risk molecule. Med Sci Monit 2009;15: 91–101.Suche in Google Scholar

15. Boger RH. Asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, explains the “L-Arginine Paradox” and acts as a novel cardiovascular risk factor. J Nutr 2004;134:2842–7.10.1093/jn/134.10.2842SSuche in Google Scholar

16. Altman R. Risk factors in coronary atherosclerosis athero-inflammation: the meeting point. Thrombosis J 2003;1:1–11.10.1186/1477-9560-1-1Suche in Google Scholar

17. Nakaya Y, Ishimura N, Takishita E, Takahashi A. Chronic feeding of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor induces postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetic model rats, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats, but not in nondiabetic rats. Metabol 2002;51:702–7.10.1053/meta.2002.32726Suche in Google Scholar

18. Bonhomme S, Belabed L, Blanc M, Neveux N, Cynober L, Darquy S. Arginine-supplemented enteral nutrition in critically ill diabetic and obese rats: a dose-ranging study evaluating nutritional status and macrophage function. Nutrition 2013;29:305–12.10.1016/j.nut.2012.07.005Suche in Google Scholar

19. Shaikh AK, Suryakar AN. Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and status of L-arginine and nitric oxide in coronary artery disease. Biomed Res 2008;19:211–4.Suche in Google Scholar

20. Trinder P. Determination of blood glucose using an oxidase – peroxidase system with a non-carcinogenic chromogen. J Clin Pathol 1969;22:158–61.10.1136/jcp.22.2.158Suche in Google Scholar

21. Gopalakrishnan R, Nagarajan B. A specific and sensitive method for estimation of L- arginine in body fluids and tissues. Ind J Biochem Biophys 1979;16:69–71.Suche in Google Scholar

22. Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite and [15 N] – nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Bio Chem 1982;126:131–8.10.1016/0003-2697(82)90118-XSuche in Google Scholar

23. Bowers LD, Wong ET. Kinetic serum creatinine assays II. A critical evaluation and review. Clin Chem 1980;5:555–651.10.1093/clinchem/26.5.555Suche in Google Scholar

24. Salter M, Knowles RG. Assay of NOS activity by the measurement of conversion of oxyhaemoglobin to methemoglobin by NO. In: Titheradge MA, editor. Methods in molecular biology nitric oxide protocols. Totowa: Humana press, 1997: 61–5.10.1385/1-59259-749-1:61Suche in Google Scholar

25. Colombo JP, Konarska L. Arginase. In: Bergmeyer HV, editor. Methods of enzymatic analysis. Amsterdam, The Netherlands II: Elsevier, 1985:285–94.Suche in Google Scholar

26. Ramnik S. Clinical haematology medical laboratory technology methods and interpretations. Med Pub (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1999:169–237.Suche in Google Scholar

27. Wootton ID. Blood electrolytes. Micro analysis in medical biochemistry (J and A Churchill 4^th ed.), (L) London, 1964:54–78.Suche in Google Scholar

28. Fearnley GR, Chakrabarti R. Fibrinolytic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with phenformin plus ettyloestrenol. Lancet 1966;2:757–61.10.1016/S0140-6736(66)90360-6Suche in Google Scholar

29. Hull R, Hirsh J, Jay R, Carter C, England C, Gent M, et al. Different intensities of oral anticoagulant therapy in the treatment of proximal – vein thrombosis. N Eng J Med 1982;307:1676–81.10.1056/NEJM198212303072704Suche in Google Scholar

30. Daniel LK. Enzymes in blood clotting. Methods Enzymol 1955;2:139–66.10.1016/S0076-6879(55)02180-0Suche in Google Scholar

31. Roe JH, Kuether CA. The distribution of ascorbic acid in the blood. J Biol Chem 1943;147:399–407.10.1016/S0021-9258(18)72395-8Suche in Google Scholar

32. Undas A, Wiek I, Stepien E, Zmudka K, Tracz W. Hyperglycemia is associated with enhanced thrombin formation, platelet activation, and fibrin clot resistance to lysis in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Diabetes Care 2008;31:1590–5.10.2337/dc08-0282Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

33. Lemkes BA, Hermanides J, DeVries JH, Holleman F, Meijers JC, Hoekstra JB. Hyperglycemia: a prothrombotic factor? J Thromb Haemost 2010;8:1663–9.10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03910.xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed

34. Zhao Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Wu J. Diabetes mellitus is associated with shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and increased fibrinogenvalues. PLoS ONE 2011;6:e16470.10.1371/journal.pone.0016470Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

35. Lodigiani C, Ferrazzi P, Micco PD, Librè L, Genovese, Quaglia, Rota LL. Is there a relationship between factor V Leiden and type 2 diabetes? J Trans Med 2009;7:52.10.1186/1479-5876-7-52Suche in Google Scholar

36. Ikewuchi JC, Onyeike EN, Uwakwe AA, Ikewuchi CC. Effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Acalypha wilkesiana ‘Godseffiana’ Muell Arg (Euphorbiaceae) on the hematology, plasma biochemistry and ocular indices of oxidative stress in alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2011;137:1415–24.10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.015Suche in Google Scholar

37. Balasubramanian VG, NagalekshmiV, Anand D. A pilot study on platelets in type II. Diabetes Mellitus Ind J Med Health Care 2012;1:46–9.Suche in Google Scholar

38. Cheuk-Kiet W, John KF, Wang ZG, Haevey DW. Relation between initial WBC count, stage of acute myocardial infaction evolution at presentation and incidence of thrombosis in myocardialinfarction-flow after streptokinase. Am J Hypertension 2003;145:95–102.10.1067/mhj.2003.64Suche in Google Scholar

39. Kwaan HC. Changes in blood coagulation, platelet function, and plasminogen-plasmin system in diabetes. Diabetes 1992;41: 32–5.10.2337/diab.41.2.S32Suche in Google Scholar

40. Stief TW, Weippert M, Kretschmer V, Renz H. Arginine inhibits hemostasis activation. Thromb Res 2001;104:265–74.10.1016/S0049-3848(01)00368-1Suche in Google Scholar

41. Bernice LY, Grace CY, Silvana SF, Stephen WK. Plasma fibrinogen level: an independent risk factor for long term survivalin Chinese patients with peripheral artery disease. World J Surgery 2005;29:1263–7.10.1007/s00268-005-7802-4Suche in Google Scholar

42. Grant PJ. Diabetes mellitus as a prothrombotic condition. J Intern Med 2007;262:157–72.10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01824.xSuche in Google Scholar

43. Reddy NM, Hall SW, Mac Kintosh FR. Partial thromboplastin time: prediction of adverse events and poor prognosis by low abnormal values. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:2706–10.10.1001/archinte.159.22.2706Suche in Google Scholar

44. Anand SS, Yi Q, Gerstein H, Lonn E, Jacobs R. Study of health assessment and risk in ethnic groups;study of health assessment and risk evaluation in aboriginal peoples investigators relationship of metabolic syndrome and fibrinolytic dysfunction to cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2003;108:420–5.10.1161/01.CIR.0000080884.27358.49Suche in Google Scholar

45. Brummel KE, Butenas S, Mann KG. An integrated study of fibrinogen during blood coagulation. J Biol Chem 1999;274:22862–70.10.1074/jbc.274.32.22862Suche in Google Scholar

46. Nader MM, Eissa LA, Gamil NM, El-Sayed MA. Effect of nitric oxide, vitamin E and selenium on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Soudi Pharm J 2007;15:23–32.Suche in Google Scholar

47. Mendez JD, Balderas FL. Regulation of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia by exogenous L-arginine in diabetic rats. Biochimie 2001;83:453–8.10.1016/S0300-9084(00)01192-5Suche in Google Scholar

48. Jimenez-Feltstrom J, Lunquist I, Obermuller S, Salehi A. Insulin feedback actions: complex effects involving isoforms of islet nitric oxide synthase. Regul Peptides 2004;122:109–18.10.1016/j.regpep.2004.06.004Suche in Google Scholar

49. Baxter LC, Schofield PJ. The effects of a high fat diet on chronic streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia 1980;18:239–54.10.1007/BF00251923Suche in Google Scholar

50. Jelodar G, Razmi N, Gholapour V. Arginase alteration in the reproductive system of alloxan-diabetic dogs. J Reprod Dev 2007;53:317–21.10.1262/jrd.18049Suche in Google Scholar

51. Pieper GM, Dondlinger LA. Plasma and vascular tissue arginine are decreased in diabetes: acute arginine supplementation restores endothelium-dependent relaxation by augmenting cGMP production. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;283:684–91.10.1016/S0022-3565(24)37043-0Suche in Google Scholar

52. Witte MB, Thornton FJ, Tantry U, Barbul A. L-arginine supplementation enhances diabetic wound healing: involvement of the nitric oxide synthase and arginase pathways. Metabol 2002;51:1269–73.10.1053/meta.2002.35185Suche in Google Scholar

53. Ming X E, Barandier C, Viswambharan H, Kwak BR, Mach F, Mazzolai L, et al. Thrombin stimulates human endothelial arginase enzymatic activity via rhoa/rock pathway:implications for atherosclerotic endothelial dysfunction. Circulation 2004;110:3708–14.10.1161/01.CIR.0000142867.26182.32Suche in Google Scholar

54. Boger RH, Skamira C, Bode-Boger SM, Brabant G, Von Zu rMuhlen A, Frolich JC. Nitric oxide may mediate the hemodynamics effects of recombinant growth hormone in patients with acquired growth hormone deficiency: a double-blind, pacebo-controlled study. J Clin Invest 1996;98:2706–13.10.1172/JCI119095Suche in Google Scholar

55. Reyes AA, Karl IE, Kissane J, Klahr S. L-arginine administration prevents glomarular hyperfiltration and decreases proteinuria in diabetic rats. J Am Soc Nephrol 1993;4:1039–45.10.1681/ASN.V441039Suche in Google Scholar

56. Kawabata A. Evidence that endogenous nitric oxide modulates plasma fibrinogen levels in the rat. Brit J Pharmacol 1996;117:236–7.10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15181.xSuche in Google Scholar

57. Lee C.D, Mann KG. Activation/inactivation of human factor V by plasmin. Blood 1989;73:185–90.10.1182/blood.V73.1.185.185Suche in Google Scholar

58. Russell PT, Rubin DZ, Mann KG, Bovill EG, Rand M, Geffken D, et al. Thrombolytic therapy and proteolysis of factor V. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30:716–24.10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00230-1Suche in Google Scholar

59. Prathapan A, Rajamohan T. Antioidant and antithrombotic activity of tender coconut water in experimental myocardial infarction. J Food Biochem 2011;35:1501–7.10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00471.xSuche in Google Scholar

60. Mori M. Regulation of nitric oxide synthesis and apoptosis by arginase and arginine recycling. J Nutr 2007;137:1616–20.10.1093/jn/137.6.1616SSuche in Google Scholar PubMed

61. Kohli R, Cynthia JM, Haynes ET, Yan W, Jon T, Self JT, et al. Dietary L-Arginine supplementation enhances endothelial nitric oxide synthesis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Nutr 2004;134:600–8.10.1093/jn/134.3.600Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

62. Cylwik D, Mogielnicki A, Kramkowski K, Stokowski J, Buczko W. Antithrombotic activity of L-arginine in hypertensive rats. J Physiol Pharmacol 2004;55:563–74.Suche in Google Scholar