Altered cardiovascular autonomic function in young normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents – Is obesity an additional risk factor?
-
Selvaraj Smilee Johncy
,
Challakere Subramanya Karthik
Abstract
Background: A study was undertaken to analyze the nature and magnitude of autonomic dysregulation that starts early in the offspring of a hypertensive parent and also whether obesity in them add an additional risk for future hypertension.
Methods: Forty normotensive subjects aged 18–25 years with at least one hypertensive parent constitute the study group. The study group was divided into obese and non-obese depending on their body mass index (non-obese with BMI 18.50–24.99 kg/m2; obese with BMI≥30 kg/m2). Twenty age-matched normotensive, without parental history subjects constitute the control group. Anthropometric parameters, heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressures were recorded. Heart rate variability indices like total power, LF, HF, LF/HF, SDNN, RMSSD, and PNN50% were studied. One-way ANOVA was used for simultaneous multiple group comparison followed by post hoc Tukey’s test for groupwise comparison. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between BMI and other variables.
Results: Subjects who were obese with parental history of hypertension showed significantly higher heart rate, diastolic blood pressure, LF, LF/HF ratio and reduced total power, HF, SDNN, RMSSD, and PNN50% compared to the other groups with normal BMI. HF and all the time domain indices showed negative correlation and LF a positive correlation with BMI.
Conclusions: In the obese offspring of hypertensive parents, HRV markers, which represent a vagal dominance were reduced substantially, and indices of sympathetic activity were increased. So obesity in a normotensive offspring of a hypertensive parent is an additional risk factor for the future development of hypertension as it further dysregulates the autonomic control of the heart.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Dr. Manjunath Alur, Principal, and Dr. Suresh Y. Bondade, Head, Department of Physiology, J.J.M. Medical College, Davangere, for their support and encouragement. We extend our thanks to our statistician for his help. The authors are deeply indebted to all volunteers who participated in this study.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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Articles in the same Issue
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Behavior and Neuroprotection
- Neurobehavioural evaluation of Lophira alata (Ochnaceae) stem bark extract in mice
- Cardiovascular Function
- Altered cardiovascular autonomic function in young normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents – Is obesity an additional risk factor?
- Atheromic and lymphoplasmacytic effects of Mangifera indica methanolic leaf extract on the heart of chinchilla rabbits
- Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Interactions
- Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and management practices of acute coronary syndrome in a tertiary care hospital
- Oxidative Stress
- Effect of homopterocarpin, an isoflavonoid from Pterocarpuserinaceus, on indices of liver injury and oxidative stress in acetaminophen-provoked hepatotoxicity
- Metabolism
- Activation of insulin signaling and energy sensing network by AICAR, an AMPK activator in insulin resistant rat tissues
- Mature coconut water exhibits antidiabetic and antithrombotic potential via L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in alloxan induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves improves glucose tolerance, glycogen synthesis and lipid metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
- Morphological changes in the pancreas and glucose reduction of the aqueous extract of Costus afer leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic rats
- Immune Response
- Immunomodulatory activity of methanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera in Wistar albino rats
- Immune response modulatory effect of Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC: an in vivo experimental study
- Inflammation
- Thymoquinone ameliorates NLRP3-mediated inflammation in the pancreas of albino Wistar rats fed ethanol and high-fat diet
- Miscellaneous
- Perceptions and practices of self-medication in healthcare and nonhealthcare university students in South India
