Anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica in Wistar rats
-
Oluwafemi Gabriel Oluwole
and
Celestine Esume
Abstract
Background: Recent studies in standard laboratories have indicated that a typical mango stem bark aqueous extract (Magnifera indica Linn) possess anti-malaria and anti-fever properties. Recent information also exists in the literature, suggesting its potency as a very effective anti-inflammatory plant extract. This study will therefore contribute immensely to the systemic search for a useful, less toxic and natural bioactive medicinal compound.
Objectives: This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of Mangifera indica (MI) in a carrageenin-induced rat paw oedema model of acute inflammation.
Methods: Rats (n=5) were treated orally with MI (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg), acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg) or distilled water (3 mL). Thirty minutes later, acute inflammation was induced with a sub-plantar injection of 0.1 mL of 1% carrageenin solution into the right hind paw of the rats. The paw oedema sizes were measured with the aid of a Vernier calliper over a period of 3 hours.
Results: The aqueous extract of MI (50–200 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a dose-dependent and significant inhibition of the acute inflammation induced by the carrageenin in rats when compared with controls. The percentage inhibition of oedema formation produced by MI (200 mg/kg, p.o.) was similar to that elicited by acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg, p.o.).
Conclusions: The results of this preliminary investigation suggest that MI contains active compounds with an anti-inflammatory activity. However, more detailed studies using additional models are necessary to further characterise the effects of MI in inflammatory disorders.
Acknowledgments
Special thanks to Mr G.C. Ahatty, the principal laboratory technologist, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Delta State University, Abraka Delta State Nigeria.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
1. Cragg GM, Newman DJ. Natural products drug discovery in the next millennium. Pharm Biol 2001;39:8–17.Search in Google Scholar
2. Soejarto DD. Biodiversity prospecting and benefit-sharing: perspectives from the field. J Ethnopharmacol 1996;51:1–15.10.1016/0378-8741(95)01345-8Search in Google Scholar
3. Alam MM, Siddiqui MB, Husain W. Treatment of diabetes through herbal drugs in rural India. Filoterapia 1990;61:240–3.Search in Google Scholar
4. Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RL, Mshiu EN. Plants used in traditional medicine in Eastern Tanzania. I. Pteridophytes and Angiosperms (Acanthaceae to Canellaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 1987;21:253–77.10.1016/0378-8741(87)90103-6Search in Google Scholar
5. Garcia D, Delgado R, Ubeira FM, Leiro J. Modulation of rat macrophage function by the Mangifera indica L. extracts Vimang® and mangiferin. Int Immunopharmacol 2002;2:797–806.Search in Google Scholar
6. Perez RL, Machiavelli GA, Romano MI, Burdman JA. Prolactin release, oestrogens and proliferation of pmlactinaecreting cells in the anterior pituitary gland of adult male rats. J Endocrinol 1986;108:398–403.10.1677/joe.0.1080399Search in Google Scholar PubMed
7. Dougherty HW, Hen A, Kuel FA. The role of polymorphunclear nuclear peroxidise-dependent oxidants in inflammation. Agents Actions 1980;7:165–73.Search in Google Scholar
8. Dicarlo G, Mascolo N, Izzo AA, Capasso F, Autore G. Effect of quercetin on gastrointestinal transit in mice. Phytother Res 1994;8:42–5.10.1002/ptr.2650080110Search in Google Scholar
9. Hascelic G, Sener B, Hascelic Z. Effect of some anti-inflammatory drugs on human neutrophil chemotaxis. J Int Med Res 1994;22:100–6.10.1177/030006059402200206Search in Google Scholar PubMed
10. Bragt PC, Bonta IL. Oxidant stress during inflammation: anti-inflammatory activity of steroids and non-steriods. Arch Int Pharmacodynamics 1980;144:1–2.Search in Google Scholar
11. Contran RS, Kumar V, Collins T. Acute and chronic inflammation. Pathologic basis of disease. 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1999: 50–88.Search in Google Scholar
12. Akindele AJ, Adeyemi OO. Anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus. Fitoterapia 2007;78:25–8.10.1016/j.fitote.2006.09.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed
13. Okeke TA, Okafor HU. Perception and treatment seeking behavior for malaria in rural Nigeria: implications for control. J Hum Ecol 1998;24:215–22.Search in Google Scholar
©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to investigate the pharmacodynamic interaction of 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron and paracetamol in postoperative patients operated in an ENT department under local anesthesia
- Influence of vitamin E and quercetin on Nigerian Bonny Light crude oil-induced neuronal and testicular toxicity in Wistar rats
- Vascular Conditions
- Reduction of pressor response to stress by centrally acting apelin in spontaneously hypertensive rats
- Oxidative Stress
- Protective effects of blackberry and quercetin on sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress and histological changes in the hepatic, renal, testis and brain tissue of male rat
- Modulatory effects of cod liver oil on the antioxidant status and oxidative stress induced by acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in experimental animal models
- Hematological Profile
- Acute high blood glucose level attenuates histamine-stimulated acid secretion in male Wistar rats
- Inflammation
- Physiological characteristics of crab Portunus sanguinolentus egg mass extract from southeast coast of India
- Phytotherapy
- Attenuating effect of standardized lyophilized Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark extract against streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer’s type
- Erythrina lysistemon-derived flavonoids account only in part for the plant’s specific effects on rat uterus and vagina
- A prospective drug use evaluation of antihypertensive drugs in in-patients of a tertiary referral care hospital
- Role for monoaminergic systems in the antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of the hydroethanolic leaf extract from Adenia cissampeloides
- Short Communication
- Anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica in Wistar rats
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to investigate the pharmacodynamic interaction of 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron and paracetamol in postoperative patients operated in an ENT department under local anesthesia
- Influence of vitamin E and quercetin on Nigerian Bonny Light crude oil-induced neuronal and testicular toxicity in Wistar rats
- Vascular Conditions
- Reduction of pressor response to stress by centrally acting apelin in spontaneously hypertensive rats
- Oxidative Stress
- Protective effects of blackberry and quercetin on sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress and histological changes in the hepatic, renal, testis and brain tissue of male rat
- Modulatory effects of cod liver oil on the antioxidant status and oxidative stress induced by acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in experimental animal models
- Hematological Profile
- Acute high blood glucose level attenuates histamine-stimulated acid secretion in male Wistar rats
- Inflammation
- Physiological characteristics of crab Portunus sanguinolentus egg mass extract from southeast coast of India
- Phytotherapy
- Attenuating effect of standardized lyophilized Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark extract against streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer’s type
- Erythrina lysistemon-derived flavonoids account only in part for the plant’s specific effects on rat uterus and vagina
- A prospective drug use evaluation of antihypertensive drugs in in-patients of a tertiary referral care hospital
- Role for monoaminergic systems in the antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of the hydroethanolic leaf extract from Adenia cissampeloides
- Short Communication
- Anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica in Wistar rats
