Startseite A complex impedance spectroscopy study on PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

A complex impedance spectroscopy study on PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites

  • Mainak Swarnakar , Partha Sarathi Mandal , Rabindranath Gayen und Manish Pal Chowdhury ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 18. Dezember 2024
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill
Informationen für Autor*innen
International Journal of Materials Research
Aus der Zeitschrift International Journal of Materials Research Band 115 Heft 11-12

Abstract

The synthesis of polymer composites consisting of conducting polyaniline (PANI), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is achieved by the polymerization technique. A nanocomposite consisting of polyaniline (PANI) and CoFe2O4 is prepared using the interfacial chemical oxidation polymerization technique, resulting in a composition containing 50 wt.% of CoFe2O4. Nanoparticles of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) were synthesized by using the sol–gel auto-combustion process. The PANI/CoFe2O4 (1:1) nanocomposites with weight percentages of 5, 10, 15, and 20 are incorporated into the PVDF matrix as fillers in order to alter the morphology and AC electrical conductivity of the PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composite materials. The structural and morphological properties were studied using characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. At room temperature, impedance spectroscopy, dielectric measurements, and AC electrical conductivity were carried out in the frequency range of 40 Hz to 5 MHz. The dielectric permittivity has been shown to decline exponentially in low-frequency zones before remaining almost constant up to 5 MHz. When the frequency is increased up to 1 MHz, the AC conductivity of all composites remains constant; after that, it increases as the frequency increases. It was found that PANI-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites modified the overall charge transport mechanism by modulating the core grain and grain boundary. The experimental Nyquist plot for different composite samples was fitted by an appropriate RC electrical model to evaluate relaxation time. The relaxation time τ1 (R1C1) and τ2 (R2C2) were both reduced after the reinforcement of PANI-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites.

Keywords: Impedance spectroscopy; PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites; AC electrical conductivity; Relaxation frequency; Nyquist plot
Corresponding author: Manish Pal Chowdhury, Department of Physics, IIEST Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, 711103, India, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India, for providing instrument facilities (Bruker D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer and Shimadzu IRAffinity-1S) spectrophotometer for characterization measurements. The authors also grateful to Dr. Chandra Shekhar Pati Tripathi, Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, India, for SEM.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: Mainak Swarnakar (first author): data curation (lead); formal analysis (lead); sample preparation (lead) investigation (lead); writing – original draft (lead). Partha Sarathi Mandal: formal analysis (supporting); sample preparation (supporting). Rabindranath Gayen: data curation (supporting). Manish Pal Chowdhury (corresponding author): supervision, Conceptualization (lead); methodology (lead); resources (lead); validation (equal); writing – review and editing (lead).

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: UGC-DAE-CSR (Grant No.: 2021/CRS/37/05/327), India.

  7. Data availability: Not applicable.

References

1. Baumgärtel, K. H.; Zöllner, D.; Krieger, K. L. Classification and Simulation Method for Piezoelectric PVDF Sensors. Procedia Technol. 2016, 26, 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2016.08.062.Suche in Google Scholar

2. Alaaeddin, M. H.; Sapuan, S. M.; Zuhri, M. Y. M.; Zainudin, E. S.; Al-Oqla, F. M. Properties and Common Industrial Applications of Polyvinyl Fluoride (PVF) and Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF). IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018, 409 (1), 012021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/409/1/012021.Suche in Google Scholar

3. Dallaev, R.; Pisarenko, T.; Sobola, D.; Orudzhev, F.; Ramazanov, S.; Trčka, T. Brief Review of PVDF Properties and Applications Potential. Polymers 2022, 14 (22), 4793. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14224793.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

4. Yassin, A. Y.; Mohamed, A. R.; Abdelrazek, E. M.; Morsi, M. A.; Abdelghany, A. M. Structural Investigation and Enhancement of Optical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Poly (Vinyl Chloride-Co-Vinyl Acetate-Co-2-Hydroxypropyl Acrylate)/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2019, 8 (1), 1111–1120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.08.005.Suche in Google Scholar

5. Guo, H.; Li, X.; Wang, Z.; Li, B.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. Thermal Conductivity of PVDF/PANI-Nanofiber Composite Membrane Aligned in an Electric Field. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2018, 26 (5), 1213–1218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2017.12.015.Suche in Google Scholar

6. Fadli, A. H.; Yulkifli, D. Y.; Hartono, A.; Ramli, R. The Electrical Properties of NiFe2O4-PVDF Nanocomposite Prepared by Sol-Gel Method. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2020, 1481 (1), 012023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012023.Suche in Google Scholar

7. Boudjelida, S.; Djellali, S.; Ferkous, H.; Benguerba, Y.; Chikouche, I.; Carraro, M. Physicochemical Properties and Atomic-Scale Interactions in Polyaniline (Emeraldine Base)/Starch Bio-Based Composites: Experimental and Computational Investigations. Polymers 2022, 14 (8), 1505. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081505.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

8. Majeed, A. H.; Mohammed, L. A.; Hammoodi, O. G.; Sehgal, S.; Alheety, M. A.; Saxena, K. K.; Dadoosh, S. A.; Mohammed, I. K.; Jasim, M. M.; Salmaan, N. U. A Review on Polyaniline: Synthesis, Properties, Nanocomposites, and Electrochemical Applications. Int. J. Polym. Sci. 2022, 2022, e9047554. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9047554.Suche in Google Scholar

9. Ajeel, K. I.; Kareem, Q. S. Synthesis and Characteristics of Polyaniline (PANI) Filled by Graphene (PANI/GR) Nano-Films. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2019, 1234, 012020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1234/1/012020.Suche in Google Scholar

10. Dabas, S.; Chahar, M.; Thakur, O. P. Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Properties of CoFe2O4/Polyaniline/Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Nanocomposites. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2022, 278, 125579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125579.Suche in Google Scholar

11. Yang, H.; Han, N.; Lin, Y.; Zhang, G.; Wang, L. Enhanced Microwave Absorbing Properties of PANI/CoFe2O4/PVDF Composite. RSC Adv. 2016, 6 (102), 100585–100589. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA19885F.Suche in Google Scholar

12. Praveena, K.; Srinath, S. Synthesis and Characterization of CoFe2O4/Polyaniline Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Applications. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2014, 14, 4371–4376. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.8286.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

13. Abhishek, P.; Mallinath; Sharanabasava; Gurunath, L.; Guragol, D. N. Study of Effect of Cobalt Ferrite Doped Polyaniline. Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12, 15884–15893. https://doi.org/10.48047/ecb/2023.12.si4.14182023.Suche in Google Scholar

14. Chen, W.; Yang, P.; Shen, W.; Zhu, C.; Lv, D.; Tan, R.; Song, W. Flexible Room Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on in Suit Polymerized PANI/PVDF Porous Composite Film. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 2020, 31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03741-9.Suche in Google Scholar

15. Srinivas, C. Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Size Conducting Polyaniline. IOSR J. Appl. Phys. 2012, 1 (5), 12–15. https://doi.org/10.9790/4861-0151215.Suche in Google Scholar

16. Chaturmukha, V.; Avinash, B. S.; Harsih, B. M.; Naveen, C.; Jayanna, H.; Lamani, A. Temperature and Composition Dependent Variation of Resistivity of PANI/TiO2 Nanocomposites. J. Nanofluids 2018, 7, 939–943. https://doi.org/10.1166/jon.2018.1524.Suche in Google Scholar

17. Zhao, Y.; Wenyao, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Chen, Y.; Cao, X.; Yang, Y.; Xu, J.; Jiang, Y. Effect of Crystalline Phase on the Dielectric and Energy Storage Properties of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride). J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 2016, 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4695-y.Suche in Google Scholar

18. Daulatabad, N.; Osaimany, P.; Srinadhu, E. S.; Satyanarayana, N. Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of Mesoporous Nanocrystalline CoFe2O4 as a Negative Electrode Material for Lithium Battery Applications. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 2017, 28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7650-7.Suche in Google Scholar

19. Yakubu, A.; Abbas, Z.; Ibrahim, N.; Hashim, M. Effect of Temperature on Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Prepared via Co-Precipitation Method. Phys. Sci. Int. J. 2015, 8, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/PSIJ/2015/18787.Suche in Google Scholar

20. Medeiros, K.; Rangel, E.; Sant’Anna, A.; Louzada, D.; Barbosa, C.; d’Almeida, J. R. Evaluation of the Electromechanical Behavior of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Used as a Component of Risers in the Offshore Oil Industry. Oil Gas Sci. Technol. 2018, 73, 48. https://doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2018058.Suche in Google Scholar

21. Paul, S. J.; Gupta, B. K.; Chandra, P. Probing the Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Polyaniline Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites Doped in Different Protonic Acids. Polym. Bull. 2021, 78 (10), 5667–5683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-020-03399-7.Suche in Google Scholar

22. Koops, C. G. On the Dispersion of Resistivity and Dielectric Constant of Some Semiconductors at Audiofrequencies. Phys. Rev. 1951, 83 (1), 121–124. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.83.121.Suche in Google Scholar

23. Zhu, J.; Wei, S.; Zhang, L.; Mao, Y.; Ryu, J.; Haldolaarachchige, N.; Young, D. P.; Guo, Z. Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Polyaniline-Al2O3 Nanocomposites Derived from Various Al2O3 Nanostructures. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21 (11), 3952–3959. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM03908J.Suche in Google Scholar

24. Das, M.; Akbar, A.; Sarkar, D. Investigation on Dielectric Properties of Polyaniline (PANI) Sulphonic Acid (SA) Composites Prepared by Interfacial Polymerization. Synth. Met. 2019, 249, 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.02.004.Suche in Google Scholar

25. Prabaharan, D. M. D. M.; Sadaiyandi, K.; Mahendran, M.; Sagadevan, S. Structural, Optical, Morphological and Dielectric Properties of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles. Mater. Res. 2016, 19, 478–482. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2015-0698.Suche in Google Scholar

26. Jiang, H.; Wang, X. H.; Fan, G. F.; Lei, W.; Fu, M.; Liang, F.; Lu, W. Z. Effect of Hot-Pressing Sintering on Thermal and Electrical Properties of AlN Ceramics with Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxations Analysis. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2019, 39 (16), 5174–5180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.08.029.Suche in Google Scholar

27. Roggero, A.; Caussé, N.; Dantras, E.; Villareal, L.; Santos, A.; Pébère, N. Thermal Activation of Impedance Measurements on an Epoxy Coating for the Corrosion Protection: 1. Dielectric Spectroscopy Response in the Dry State. Electrochim. Acta 2019, 303, 239–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.Suche in Google Scholar

28. Chitra, P.; Muthusamy, A.; Jayaprakash, R. Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of polyaniline/MnCoFe2O4 Nanocomposites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2015, 396, 113–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.08.042.Suche in Google Scholar

29. Patil, R.; Roy, A. S.; Anilkumar, K. R.; Jadhav, K. M.; Ekhelikar, S. Dielectric Relaxation and AC Conductivity of Polyaniline–Zinc Ferrite Composite. Compos. Part B Eng. 2012, 43 (8), 3406–3411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.01.090.Suche in Google Scholar

30. Shukla, N.; Dwivedi, D. K. Dielectric Relaxation and AC Conductivity Studies of Se90Cd10−xInx Glassy Alloys. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 2016, 4 (2), 178–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jascer.2016.02.003.Suche in Google Scholar

31. Kadir, E. S.; Gayen, R. N.; Paul, R.; Biswas, S. Interfacial Effects on Ferroelectric and Dielectric Properties of GO Reinforced Free-Standing and Flexible PVDF/ZnO Composite Membranes: Bias Dependent Impedance Spectroscopy. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 843, 155974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155974.Suche in Google Scholar

32. Tripathi, R.; Kumar, A.; Bharti, C.; Sinha, T. P. Dielectric Relaxation of ZnO Nanostructure Synthesized by Soft Chemical Method. Curr. Appl. Phys. 2010, 10 (2), 676–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2009.08.015.Suche in Google Scholar

33. Ghosh, R.; Majumder, R.; Kundu, S.; Pradhan, M.; Roy, S.; Gayen, R.; Pal Chowdhury, M. Effect of Grain–Grain Boundary on ZnO Nanorod-Based UV Photosensor: A Complex Impedance Spectroscopic Study. J. Mater. Sci. 2021, 56 (34), 19128–19143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06459-z.Suche in Google Scholar

34. Gayen, R.; Chakraborty, M.; Kadir, E. GO Induced Grain-Boundary Modification in Transparent TiO2-GO Nanocomposite Thin Films: Study by DC Bias Dependent Impedance Spectroscopy. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2022, 808, 140116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140116.Suche in Google Scholar

35. Layek, A.; Dey, A.; Datta, J.; Das, M.; Ray, P. P. Novel CuFeS2 Pellet Behaves Like a Portable Signal Transporting Network: Studies of Immittance. RSC Adv. 2015, 5 (44), 34682–34689. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA15337E.Suche in Google Scholar
Received: 2024-02-12
Accepted: 2024-11-08
Published Online: 2024-12-18
Published in Print: 2024-11-26

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. 5th International Conference on Processing and Characterization of Materials 2023 (ICPCM 2023)
  4. Original Papers
  5. Experimental studies on coal mine over-burden incorporated concrete as a sustainable substitute for fine aggregate in concrete construction
  6. A complex impedance spectroscopy study on PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites
  7. Optimizing electrical properties and efficiency of copper-doped CdS and CdTe solar cells through advanced ETL and HTL integration: a comprehensive experimental and numerical study
  8. Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite from Ariidea fish bone as reinforcement material for (chios mastic gum: papyrus vaccine pollen) bio composite bony scaffold
  9. Optimization of the process parameter of lean-grade self-reducing pellets by surface response modelling
  10. From raw materials to functional material: synthesis and piezoelectric characterization of PIN–PT binary relaxor material
  11. Effect of ball milling on bulk MoS2 and the development of Al–MoS2 nanocomposites by powder metallurgy route
  12. Effect of beeswax on the physico-mechanical properties of poly (butylene adipate terephthalate)/poly lactic acid blend films
  13. Effect of Y2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 dispersion on oxidation resistance of W–Ni–Nb–Mo alloys
  14. Multifunctional characterisation of pressureless sintered Al2O3 –CaTiO3 nanocomposite
  15. Silicon–carbon superhydrophobic nano-structure for next generation semiconductor industry
  16. Interrelation between mechanical and electromagnetic radiation emission parameters with variable notch-width ratios under tensile fracture in silicon steel
  17. Effect of tool rotation and welding speed on microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar AA6061-T6 and AA5083-H12 joint in friction stir welding
  18. Effect of bentonite and molasses binder content on physical and mechanical properties of green and fired mill scale pellets
  19. FA-GGBFS based geopolymer concrete incorporating CMRW and SS as fine and coarse aggregates
  20. Characteristic study of intra woven green fibers for structural application
  21. An experimental investigation by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the study of mechanism of copper electrodeposition from an acidic bath
  22. Bažant-Le-Kirane Paradox of fatigue failure in engineering materials
  23. Thermal modeling and analysis of laser transmission welding of polypropylene: process mechanics and parameters
  24. The influence of welding modes on metallic structures processed through WAAM
  25. Ultrasonic metal welding of Al/Cu joints with Ni coating: parametric effects on joint performance and microstructural modifications
  26. News
  27. DGM – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde
https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2024-0060
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Impedance spectroscopy; PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites; AC electrical conductivity; Relaxation frequency; Nyquist plot

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. 5th International Conference on Processing and Characterization of Materials 2023 (ICPCM 2023)
  4. Original Papers
  5. Experimental studies on coal mine over-burden incorporated concrete as a sustainable substitute for fine aggregate in concrete construction
  6. A complex impedance spectroscopy study on PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites
  7. Optimizing electrical properties and efficiency of copper-doped CdS and CdTe solar cells through advanced ETL and HTL integration: a comprehensive experimental and numerical study
  8. Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite from Ariidea fish bone as reinforcement material for (chios mastic gum: papyrus vaccine pollen) bio composite bony scaffold
  9. Optimization of the process parameter of lean-grade self-reducing pellets by surface response modelling
  10. From raw materials to functional material: synthesis and piezoelectric characterization of PIN–PT binary relaxor material
  11. Effect of ball milling on bulk MoS2 and the development of Al–MoS2 nanocomposites by powder metallurgy route
  12. Effect of beeswax on the physico-mechanical properties of poly (butylene adipate terephthalate)/poly lactic acid blend films
  13. Effect of Y2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 dispersion on oxidation resistance of W–Ni–Nb–Mo alloys
  14. Multifunctional characterisation of pressureless sintered Al2O3 –CaTiO3 nanocomposite
  15. Silicon–carbon superhydrophobic nano-structure for next generation semiconductor industry
  16. Interrelation between mechanical and electromagnetic radiation emission parameters with variable notch-width ratios under tensile fracture in silicon steel
  17. Effect of tool rotation and welding speed on microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar AA6061-T6 and AA5083-H12 joint in friction stir welding
  18. Effect of bentonite and molasses binder content on physical and mechanical properties of green and fired mill scale pellets
  19. FA-GGBFS based geopolymer concrete incorporating CMRW and SS as fine and coarse aggregates
  20. Characteristic study of intra woven green fibers for structural application
  21. An experimental investigation by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the study of mechanism of copper electrodeposition from an acidic bath
  22. Bažant-Le-Kirane Paradox of fatigue failure in engineering materials
  23. Thermal modeling and analysis of laser transmission welding of polypropylene: process mechanics and parameters
  24. The influence of welding modes on metallic structures processed through WAAM
  25. Ultrasonic metal welding of Al/Cu joints with Ni coating: parametric effects on joint performance and microstructural modifications
  26. News
  27. DGM – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 22.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijmr-2024-0060/html?lang=de
Button zum nach oben scrollen