Grid Stabilization with Decentralized Controllable Loads using Fuzzy Control and Droop Characteristics
-
Michael Palmer
,
Masato Tachibana
Abstract
In recent years, the amount of distributed generators in the power grid has increased. Most of these distributed generators are renewable energy facilities using wind turbine generators or photovoltaic power systems. The increase in distributed generators is mostly due to environmental issues, growing concern of resource depletion, and economic benefits for residents and homeowners. Along with the increase in distributed generators, all-electric apartment buildings and residential homes with electric vehicles are on the rise. This trend is beneficial for both the environment and the residents; however, the fluctuating power from renewable energy sources and unstable loads causes fluctuations in grid frequency and distributed voltage which become problematic. This paper presents a methodology to control system frequency and distributed voltage using distributed controllable loads such as the heat pump water heater (HP) and large capacity batteries such as those of the electric vehicle (EV). By applying a power consumption controller using decentralized control for heat pump water heaters and droop characteristics for batteries, fluctuations of grid frequency and voltage are suppressed to a desired value. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulations.
References
1. DuicN, CarvalhoMG. Increasing renewable energy sources in island energy supply: case study Porto Santo. Renewable Sustainable Energy2005;8:383–99.10.1016/j.rser.2003.11.004Suche in Google Scholar
2. KatsaprakakisDA, ParadakisN, KozirakisG, MinadakisY, ChristakisD, KondaxakisK. Electricity supply on the island of Dia based on renewable energy sources (R. E. S.). Appl Energy2009;86:516–27.10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.07.013Suche in Google Scholar
3. KundurP. Power system stability and control, 1st ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1994.Suche in Google Scholar
4. Rodriguez-AmenedoJL, ArnalteS, BurgosJC. Automatic generation control of a wind farm with variable speed wind turbines. IEEE Trans Energy Conversion2002;17:279–84.10.1109/TEC.2002.1009481Suche in Google Scholar
5. SenjyuT, KanekoT, YonaA, FunabashiT. Power control of wind farm connected to small power utilities. In: Proceedings of 2007 annual conference of power & energy society, IEE Japan, 2007:1522–9.Suche in Google Scholar
6. YilmazAS, OzerZ. Pitch angle control in wind turbinesabove the rated wind speed by multi-layer perception andradial function neural networks. Expert Syst Appl2009;36:9767–75.10.1016/j.eswa.2009.02.014Suche in Google Scholar
7. OmineE, GoyaT, SenjyuT, TokudomeM, YonaA, FunabashiT. Frequency control strategy of parallel operated battery systems based on droop characteristics applying H∞ control theory. In: Proceedings of 2009 annual conference of power & energy society, IEE Japan, 2009;27-3–27-8.Suche in Google Scholar
8. MomohJA. Smart grid design for efficient and flexible power networks operation and control. In: Power systems conference and exposition, PSCE’09, IEEE/PES, 2009:1–8.10.1109/PSCE.2009.4840074Suche in Google Scholar
9. PipattanasompornM, FerozeH, RahmanS. Multi-agent systems in a distributed smart grid: design and implementation. In: Power systems conference and exposition, PSCE ‘09, IEEE/PES, 2009:1–8.Suche in Google Scholar
10. MolderinkA, BakkerV, BosmanMG, HurinkJL, SmitGJ. Domestic energy management methodology for optimizing efficiency in Smart Grids. In: PowerTech, 2009 IEEE Bucharest, 2009:1–7.10.1109/PTC.2009.5281849Suche in Google Scholar
11. TaylorP. Increased renewable energy penetration on island power systems through distributed fuzzy load control. In: International conference renewable energies for islands toward 100% RES, Crete, Greece, 2001.Suche in Google Scholar
©2014 by De Gruyter
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- A Comparative Study of Mathematical Modeling of Photovoltaic Array
- A New Advanced Topology of Stacked Multicell Inverter
- Augmented State Approach in Quasi-Sliding-Mode Controlled PEBB-Based Power Converters
- Evaluation of Gas Insulated Disconnector Switch for Bus Charging and Bus Transfer Currents
- Grid Stabilization with Decentralized Controllable Loads using Fuzzy Control and Droop Characteristics
- Novel Scheme to Improve Power Factor of Slip Energy Recovery Drive by Selective Harmonic Elimination
- Single-Phase Power Generation Using Three-Phase Self-Excited Synchronous Reluctance Generator
- Voltage Balancing Scheme in MMC – A New Approach
- Modelling and Analysis of a Three-Phase to Five-Phase Transformer
- Novel Cell Flying Capacitor Converter Topology with Significant Reduction in Number of Components
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- A Comparative Study of Mathematical Modeling of Photovoltaic Array
- A New Advanced Topology of Stacked Multicell Inverter
- Augmented State Approach in Quasi-Sliding-Mode Controlled PEBB-Based Power Converters
- Evaluation of Gas Insulated Disconnector Switch for Bus Charging and Bus Transfer Currents
- Grid Stabilization with Decentralized Controllable Loads using Fuzzy Control and Droop Characteristics
- Novel Scheme to Improve Power Factor of Slip Energy Recovery Drive by Selective Harmonic Elimination
- Single-Phase Power Generation Using Three-Phase Self-Excited Synchronous Reluctance Generator
- Voltage Balancing Scheme in MMC – A New Approach
- Modelling and Analysis of a Three-Phase to Five-Phase Transformer
- Novel Cell Flying Capacitor Converter Topology with Significant Reduction in Number of Components
