Experimental study on coal-fired flue gas HCl removal by injecting adsorbent into flue duct
-
Zhen Shen
,
Pujie Yue
Abstract
Adsorbent injection into flue ducts is an effective technology for controlling gaseous pollutant in coal-fired power plants. This study proposed a new technique of injecting dechlorinater into flue duct for HCl removal in order to realize the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) wastewater sequestration and upgrade the gypsum quality, known as the source dechlorination method. Four alkaline-based adsorbents of CaO, Ca(OH)2 + 5 % NaOH, ethanol-modified CaO, and NaHCO3 were developed and investigated in a pilot scale 6 kW coal-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustion system for capturing flue gas HCl. The physical and chemical properties of the adsorbents were characterized to explore the reaction mechanisms affected by the adsorbent size and its distribution, active component loading, micro-structure, morphology, and crystal structure. The influences of the injection amount, resident time and flue gas temperature on the HCl removal efficiency were carried out, the dechlorination mechanism of the ethanol-modified CaO were discussed. The distribution of flue gas chlorine species across the air pollutant control devices (APCD) were obtained. This study provides basis for developing the technology of injecting dechlorinater into flue gas for HCl removal.
Funding source: Datang Environmental Industry Group Co., Ltd
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: This work was sponsored by a project of investigation of WFGD wastewater sequestration based on coal-fired flue gas dechlorination from the Datang Environmental Industry Group Co., Ltd.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing financial interest.
References
Cao, J., W. Zhong, B. Jin, Z. Wang, and K. Wang. 2014. “Treatment of Hydrochloric Acid in Flue Gas from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration with Ca–Mg–Al Mixed Oxides at Medium–High Temperatures.” Energy & Fuels 28 (6): 4112–7. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5008193.Search in Google Scholar
Chen, F. H., H. S. Koo, and T. Y. Tseng. 1992. “Characteristics of the High-TC Superconducting Bi-pb-sr-ca-cu Oxides Derived from an Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Precursor.” Journal of the American Ceramic Society 75 (1): 96–102. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb05448.x.Search in Google Scholar
Chen, C. M., P. Hack, P. Chu, Y. N. Chang, T. Y. Lin, C. S. Ko, P. H. Chiang, Y. M. Lai, and W. P. Pan. 2009. “Partitioning of Mercury, Arsenic, Selenium, Boron, and Chloride in a Full-Scale Coal Combustion Process Equipped with Selective Catalytic Reduction, Electrostatic Precipitation, and Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems.” Energy & Fuels 23 (10): 4805–16. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef900293u.Search in Google Scholar
Constantino, G. A. 2011. “Enrichment of Inorganic Trace Pollutants in Recirculated Water Streams from a Wet Limestone Flue Gas Desulfurisation System in Two Coal Power Plants.” Fuel Processing Technology 92 (9): 1764–75.10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.04.025Search in Google Scholar
Córdoba, P. 2015. “Status of Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) Systems from Coal-Fired Power Plants: Overview of the Physic-Chemical Control Processes of Wet Limestone FGDs.” Fuel 144 (15): 274–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.12.065.Search in Google Scholar
Du, Y., R. Hou, S. Shi, and J. Ding. 2010. “Synthesis and Characterization of Ca(OH)2 Ultrafine Particles with High Specific Surface Area.” China Powder Science and Technology 016 (003): 33–6.Search in Google Scholar
Gargiulo, N., A. Peluso, P. Aprea, L. Micoli, A. Ausiello, M. Turco, O. Marino, R. Cioffi, E. Jannelli, and D. Caputo. 2018. “Use of a Metal Organic Framework for the Adsorptive Removal of Gaseous HCl: A New Approach for a Challenging Task.” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10: 14271–5. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b03007.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Geng, X., Y. Duan, S. Zhao, J. Hu, and W. Zhao. 2021. “Mechanism Study of Mechanochemical Bromination on Fly Ash Mercury Removal Adsorbent.” Chemosphere 274: 129637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129637.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Huang, T., X. Liu, X. Geng, J. Liu, Y. Duan, S. Zhao, and R. Gupta. 2022. “Reduction of HgCl2 to Hg0 in Flue Gas at High Temperature. Part Ⅱ: Acid Remover.” Fuel 324: 124412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124412.Search in Google Scholar
Hong, J., Y. Zhao, J. Wu, X. Xie, P. Zhao, S. Li, H. Yao, G. Luo, Z. Liu, and X. Yang. 2022. “Fabrication of Al2O3/CaO with Anti-sintering for Efficient Removal of As2O3 in Simulated Flue Gas: Experimental and DFT Study.” Fuel 307: 121812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121812.Search in Google Scholar
Jiang, Y. 1998. “Distribution and Classification Standard of Chlorine in Coal in China.” Coal Quality Technology 5: 7–9.Search in Google Scholar
Li, C., H. Tang, Y. Duan, C. Zhu, Y. Zheng, and T. Huang. 2018. “Synthetic Calcium-Based Adsorbents for Gaseous Mercury (II) Adsorption from Flue Gas and Study on Their Mercury Adsorption Mechanism.” Fuel 234: 384–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.06.135.Search in Google Scholar
Li, X., J. Chen, R. Zhao, Z. Xiong, and C. Lu. 2022. “Determination on the Activity of Formed CaSO4 for Arsenic Adsorption during Arsenic Capture by CaO with the Presence of SO2: Experimental and Density Functional Theory Study.” Chemical Engineering Journal 427: 132015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132015.Search in Google Scholar
Li, Y. J., C. S. Zhao, C. R. Qu, L. B. Duan, Q. Z. Li, and C. Liang. 2008. “CO2 Capture Using CaO Modified with Ethanol/water Solution during Cyclic calcination/Carbonation.” Chemical Engineering & Technology: Industrial Chemistry-Plant Equipment-Process Engineering-Biotechnology 31 (2): 237–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200700371.Search in Google Scholar
Liu, X., R. Wang, T. Huang, X. Geng, Y. Xu, C. Chen, C. Wu, X. Ding, and Y. Duan. 2022. “Single-atom Iron on Penta-Graphene Assisted with Nonbonding Interaction as Superior Demercurizer: A DFT Exploration.” Applied Surface Science 590: 153060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153060.Search in Google Scholar
Liu, X., R. Wang, Y. Wang, X. Ding, A. Shen, Y. Duan, and S. Zhao. 2023. “Effect of SO2 on HCl Removal over Ethanol-Hydrated CaO Adsorbent: Mechanism of Competitive Adsorption and Product Layer Shielding.” Chemical Engineering Journal 464: 142516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.142516.Search in Google Scholar
Petrov, P. K., J. W. Charters, and D. Wallschläger. 2012. “Identification and Determination of Selenosulfate and Selenocyanate in Flue Gas Desulfurization Waters.” Environmental Science & Technology 46 (3): 1716–23. https://doi.org/10.1021/es202529w.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Shen, H. 2013. Research on the Preparation and CO2 Capture Performance of CaO Based Adsorbents. Tianjin: Tianjin University.Search in Google Scholar
Shen, Z., X. Liu, X. Ning, R. Wang, P. Yue, A. Shen, L. Meng, Y. Wang, X. Gu, and Y. Duan. 2023. “Investigation on Mechanochemically Modified Calcium‐Based Adsorbent for Flue Gas HCl Removal.” Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 18: e2861.10.1002/apj.2861Search in Google Scholar
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. 2021. Coal Quality Classification —— Sulfur, Vol. 40. Beijing: Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.Search in Google Scholar
Tang, Y., X. He, A. Cheng, W. Li, X. Deng, Q. Wei, and L. Li. 2015. “Occurrence and Sedimentary Control of Sulfur in Coals of China.” Journal of China Coal Society 40 (9): 1977–88.Search in Google Scholar
Tsubouchi, N., S. Ohtsuka, Y. Nakazato, and Y. Ohtsuka. 2005. “Formation of Hydrogen Chloride during Temperature-Programmed Pyrolysis of Coals with Different Ranks.” Energy & Fuels 19 (2): 554–60. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef040077z.Search in Google Scholar
Vaqueiro, P., M. P Crosnier-Lopez, and M. A. Lopez-Quintela. 1996. “Synthesis and Characterization of Yttrium Iron Garnet Nanoparticles.” Journal of Solid State Chemistry 126 (2): 161–8. https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1996.0324.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, C., Y. Xiao, Q. Li, J. Deng, and K. Wang. 2018. “Free Radicals, Apparent Activation Energy, and Functional Groups during Low-Temperature Oxidation of Jurassic Coal in Northern Shaanxi.” International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 28 (003): 469–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2018.04.007.Search in Google Scholar
Wen, Q., W. Ma, H. Wang, L. Wen, and Y. Li. 2011. “Preparation of Nano-Sized BaHfO3: Ce3+ Particles by the EDTA Chelating Process.” Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society 39 (6): 903–7.Search in Google Scholar
Xi, G., Y. Liu, S. Qi, and M. Lu. 2009. “Synthesis of Mn-Zn Ferrites by EDTA Chelating Sol-Gel Rout.” Bulletin of the Chinese Cream Society 28 (1): 194–9.Search in Google Scholar
Yuan, X., W. Ma, L. Wen, and H. Yang. 2011. “Preparation of BaHfO3: Ce Ultra-fine Particles by C2H5OH/H2O Mixed Solvothermal Method.” Journal of Synthetic Crystals 40 (2): 486–91.Search in Google Scholar
Zhang, L., S. Wang, Y. Meng, and J. Hao. 2012. “Influence of Mercury and Chlorine Content of Coal on Mercury Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants in China.” Environmental Science & Technology 46 (11): 6385–92. https://doi.org/10.1021/es300286n.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Zhou, Q., Y. Duan, Y. Hong, C. Zhu, and H. Wei. 2013. “Experimental Study on Mercury Capture Using Activated Carbon Injection in Simulated Flue Gas.” Proceedings of the CSEE 33 (35): 36–43.Search in Google Scholar
Zhou, X., W. Tang, M. He, X. Xiao, T. Wang, S. Cheng, and L. Zhang. 2023. “Combined Removal of SO3 and HCl by Modified Ca (OH) 2 from Coal-Fired Flue Gas.” Science of the Total Environment 857: 159466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159466.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Zhao, S., Y. Duan, T. Yao, M. Liu, J. Lu, H. Tan, X. Wang, and L. Wu. 2017. “Study on the Mercury Emission and Transformation in an Ultra-low Emission Coal-Fired Power Plant.” Fuel 199: 653–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.03.038.Search in Google Scholar
© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Articles
- Eco friendly synthesis of epoxidized palm oleic acid in acidic ion exchange resin
- Two-stage adsorber design for malachite green and methylene blue removal using adsorbents derived from banana peel
- Modeling and simulation of trickle bed reactors for the purification of 1-butene
- Smith-predictor based enhanced Dual-DOF fractional order control for integrating type CSTRs
- Enhancement investigation of mass transfer and mixing performance in the static mixers with three twisted leaves
- The influence of the configurations of multiple-impeller on canrenone bioconversion using resting cells of Aspergillus ochraceus
- De–NO x conversion of selective catalytic reduction system for diesel engine using dual catalyst coated ceramic monoliths
- Experimental study on coal-fired flue gas HCl removal by injecting adsorbent into flue duct
- Ferrous and manganese oxalate for efficient heterogenous-Fenton degradation of organic pollutants: composite active site and mechanism perception
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Articles
- Eco friendly synthesis of epoxidized palm oleic acid in acidic ion exchange resin
- Two-stage adsorber design for malachite green and methylene blue removal using adsorbents derived from banana peel
- Modeling and simulation of trickle bed reactors for the purification of 1-butene
- Smith-predictor based enhanced Dual-DOF fractional order control for integrating type CSTRs
- Enhancement investigation of mass transfer and mixing performance in the static mixers with three twisted leaves
- The influence of the configurations of multiple-impeller on canrenone bioconversion using resting cells of Aspergillus ochraceus
- De–NO x conversion of selective catalytic reduction system for diesel engine using dual catalyst coated ceramic monoliths
- Experimental study on coal-fired flue gas HCl removal by injecting adsorbent into flue duct
- Ferrous and manganese oxalate for efficient heterogenous-Fenton degradation of organic pollutants: composite active site and mechanism perception
