Startseite Ethylation of Ethylbenzene with Ethanol over Mordenite-Based Catalysts: Effects of Acidity, Desilication and Kinetics Analysis
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Ethylation of Ethylbenzene with Ethanol over Mordenite-Based Catalysts: Effects of Acidity, Desilication and Kinetics Analysis

  • Mohammad M. Hossain , Mogahid Osman und Sulaiman Al-Khattaf EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 24. Juli 2014
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International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering
Aus der Zeitschrift International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering Band 12 Heft 1

Abstract

This communication reports the kinetics analysis of ethylation of ethylbenzene (EB) with ethanol over large pore size mordenite catalysts. In this regard, two different catalyst samples are selected with SiO2/Al2O3 = 180 and 21, respectively. The higher acidic sample (SiO2/Al2O3 = 21) is desilicated to study the effects of desilication on the EB ethylation. The EB ethylation experiments are conducted in a fluidized CREC Riser Simulator using equimolar amount of EB and ethanol as feed. Under the studied reaction conditions, diethylbenzene (DEB) is the main product while a small amount of benzene and lighter gases are also produced. In addition to DEB, the higher acidic mordenite sample also produces benzene via dealkylation of EB. On the other hand, the large pore size mordenite sample gives triethylbenzene (TEB) as a secondary alkylation product. The desilicated sample shows slightly higher DEB selectivity but the EB conversion with this sample is low. Power law–based kinetics evaluation also confirms the above observations by showing low activation energy for DEB formation while high activation energies for benzene and TEB formations.

Keywords: ethylbenzene; ethylation; DEB; mordenite; acidity; porosity; desilication; kinetic modeling

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support by the Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia through the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals (CoRE-PRP) at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. The authors also are thankful to Mr. Mariano Gica for his support on the CREC Riser Simulator experimental runs.

List of the symbols

Ci

concentration of specie i in the riser simulator (mol/m3)

CL

confidence limit

Ei

apparent activation energy of the ith reaction (kJ/mol)

ki

apparent rate constant for the ith reaction (m3/kg of catalyst .s)

koi

pre-exponential factor for the ith reaction after re-parameterization (m3/kg of catalyst .s)

MWi

molecular weight of specie i

ri

rate of reaction for species i

R

universal gas constant (kJ/kmol K)

t

reaction time (s)

T

reaction temperature (K)

To

average temperature of the experiment

V

volume of the riser (45 cm3)

Wc

mass of the catalyst (0.81 g)

Whc

total mass of the hydrocarbon injected the riser (0.162 g)

yi

mass fraction of ith component

Greek letters
α

apparent deactivation function

Abbreviations

BZ

benzene

EB

ethylbenzene

DEB

diethylbenzene

TEB

triethylbenzene

EtOH

ethanol

References

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Published Online: 2014-7-24
Published in Print: 2014-1-1

©2014 by De Gruyter

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. Simulation of CO Preferential Oxidation (COPrOx) Monolithic Reactors
  4. Simulation of a New Chemical-Looping Combustion Process without Sulfur Evolution Based on Ca-Based Oxygen Carrier
  5. Syngas Production from Reforming of Methane with CO2 and O2 over LaNi1–xCoxO3 Perovskites
  6. Investigation of the Effect of Outlet Structures on the Jet Flow Characteristics in the Circulating Jet Tank
  7. Transesterification of Sunflower Oil in Microreactors
  8. Influence of the Photoreactor Configuration and of Different Light Sources in the Photocatalytic Treatment of Highly Polluted Wastewater
  9. Stability and Emissions of a Lean Pre-Mixed Combustor with Rich Catalytic/Lean-burn Pilot
  10. Carica Papaya Seed as a Biosorbent for Removal of Cr (VI) and Ni (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution: Thermodynamics and Kinetic Analysis of Experimental Data
  11. Chemical Equilibrium Model and Prediction for Coal Hydrogasification
  12. Use of Experimental Designs to Establish a Kinetic Law for a Gas Phase Photocatalytic Process
  13. Application of Support Vector Machine Modeling on Phase Distribution in the Riser of an LSCFB Reactor
  14. Characteristics of the Bending Moment Acting on an Overhung Shaft in a Stirred Vessel
  15. Conversion of Glycerol into Value-Added Products Over Cu–Ni Catalyst Supported on γ-Al2O3 and Activated Carbon
  16. Analysis of Equilibrium Shifting by Inter-Stage Reactant Feeding in a Series of Isothermal Reactors
  17. Single and Multi-Channel Reactor for Oxidative Coupling of Methane
  18. Effect of Peak Temperature Limitations on the Design of Processes with Cooled Tubular Reactors
  19. Genetic Optimization of Energy Consumption of Pellet Shaft Furnace Combustor Based on Support Vector Machine (SVM)
  20. Effect of CuO on the Thermal Stability of Polyaniline Nanofibers
  21. Kinetics and Mechanism of Formaldehyde-Free Phenol-Glucose Novolac Resin Cured with an Epoxy
  22. Micromixing Characteristics in an Aerated Stirred Tank with Half Elliptical Blade Disk Turbine
  23. Application of Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Rotatable Design for Modeling and Optimization of Catalyst Compositions in Ethanol Synthesis via CO Hydrogenation
  24. Accurate Measurement of the Photon Flux Received Inside Two Continuous Flow Microphotoreactors by Actinometry
  25. A Non-linear Inverse Problem in Estimating the Reaction Rate Function for an Annular-Bed Reactor
  26. Passive Microextractor with Internal Fluid Recirculation for Two Immiscible Liquids
  27. Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene by Zirconia-Based Catalysts
  28. Studies on Performance Analysis and Computer Aided Design of Inverse Fluidized Bed Bioreactors with Nanosupport Particles
  29. Modeling the Industrial Propylene–Ethylene Copolymerization FBR at Emergency Accidents
  30. Modelling of the Membrane Permeability Effect on the H2 Production Using CFD Method
  31. SBA-15 Supported Bimetallic Catalysts for Enhancement Isomers Production During n-Heptane Decomposition
  32. Effects of Microwave and Ultrasonic-Assisted Aging on the Synthesis of H-ZSM-5 Nanozeolite and Its Catalytic Performance in Methanol Dehydration
  33. Oxydehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene to Styrene: Membrane Reactor Analysis and Design
  34. Methanol Electrooxidation Study on Mesoporous Silica Supported Pt–Co Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Anode
  35. An Experimental Study of the Synthesis of Ultrafine Titania Powder in Plasmachemical Flow-Type Reactor
  36. Tesla Valves in Micromixers
  37. Kinetic Modelling of Photoconversion of Phenol by a Photo-Fenton Reagent and UV
  38. Overall Effectiveness Factor for Slab Geometry in a Three-Phase Reaction System
  39. Effect of Surface Chemistry and Structure of Sludge Particles on Their Co-slurrying Ability with Petroleum Coke
  40. CFD-DEM Modeling of CO2 Capture using Alkali Metal-Based Sorbents in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed
  41. Reaction Kinetics of Catalytic Esterification of Nonanoic Acid with Ethanol over Amberlyst 15
  42. Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Geometrical Parameters on the Performance of a Contraction-Expansion Helical Mixer
  43. Comparative Study of Removal of Cadmium (II) and Chromium (III) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Low-Cost Biosorbent
  44. Ethylation of Ethylbenzene with Ethanol over Mordenite-Based Catalysts: Effects of Acidity, Desilication and Kinetics Analysis
  45. A Two-Phase CFD Modeling Approach to Investigate the Flow Characteristics in Radial Flow Moving-Bed Reactors
  46. Esterification of Free Fatty Acids in Crude Palm Oil Using Sulfated Cobalt–Tin Mixed Oxide Catalysts
  47. Numerical Simulation of Chemical Stripping Process in Resid Fluid Catalytic Cracking Stripper
  48. Experiment on Simultaneous Absorption of NO and SO2 from Sintering Flue Gas by Oxidizing Agents of KMnO4/NaClO
  49. Analysis of the Simultaneous Gas–Liquid CO2 Absorption and Liquid–Gas NH3 Desorption in a Hydrometallurgical Waelz Oxides Purification Process
  50. Investigation on Fluidized Bed Bioreactor Treating Ice Cream Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network
  51. Rapid Determination of the Residence Time Distribution (RTD) Function in an Oscillatory Baffled Reactor (OBR) Using a Design of Experiments (DoE) Approach
  52. α-Amylase Aspergillus oryzae Immobilized on Modified Expanded Perlite
  53. Diffusion and Equilibrium Adsorption Coefficients of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Species in Capillary Columns
  54. Design and Optimization of the Preparation of Calcium Carbonate from Calcium Sulfate and Ammonium Bicarbonate
  55. Short Communications
  56. Effect of Different Silicate Supports on the Catalytic Performance of MoVTeO Mixed Oxides in Partial Oxidation of Isobutane
  57. Liquid Flow and Mixing in Bottom Regions of Baffled and Unbaffled Vessels Agitated by Turbine-Type Impeller
  58. Review
  59. Progress in Reactors for High-Temperature Fischer–Tropsch Process: Determination Place of Intensifier Reactor Perspective
  60. Errata
  61. Erratum to Two-Dimensional Modeling of an Externally Irradiated Slurry Photoreactor
  62. Erratum to Photocatalytic Purification of Wastewater Polluted by Odorant Sulfur Compounds Using Titanium Oxide in a Continuous Photoreactor
https://doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2014-0006
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
ethylbenzene; ethylation; DEB; mordenite; acidity; porosity; desilication; kinetic modeling

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. Simulation of CO Preferential Oxidation (COPrOx) Monolithic Reactors
  4. Simulation of a New Chemical-Looping Combustion Process without Sulfur Evolution Based on Ca-Based Oxygen Carrier
  5. Syngas Production from Reforming of Methane with CO2 and O2 over LaNi1–xCoxO3 Perovskites
  6. Investigation of the Effect of Outlet Structures on the Jet Flow Characteristics in the Circulating Jet Tank
  7. Transesterification of Sunflower Oil in Microreactors
  8. Influence of the Photoreactor Configuration and of Different Light Sources in the Photocatalytic Treatment of Highly Polluted Wastewater
  9. Stability and Emissions of a Lean Pre-Mixed Combustor with Rich Catalytic/Lean-burn Pilot
  10. Carica Papaya Seed as a Biosorbent for Removal of Cr (VI) and Ni (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution: Thermodynamics and Kinetic Analysis of Experimental Data
  11. Chemical Equilibrium Model and Prediction for Coal Hydrogasification
  12. Use of Experimental Designs to Establish a Kinetic Law for a Gas Phase Photocatalytic Process
  13. Application of Support Vector Machine Modeling on Phase Distribution in the Riser of an LSCFB Reactor
  14. Characteristics of the Bending Moment Acting on an Overhung Shaft in a Stirred Vessel
  15. Conversion of Glycerol into Value-Added Products Over Cu–Ni Catalyst Supported on γ-Al2O3 and Activated Carbon
  16. Analysis of Equilibrium Shifting by Inter-Stage Reactant Feeding in a Series of Isothermal Reactors
  17. Single and Multi-Channel Reactor for Oxidative Coupling of Methane
  18. Effect of Peak Temperature Limitations on the Design of Processes with Cooled Tubular Reactors
  19. Genetic Optimization of Energy Consumption of Pellet Shaft Furnace Combustor Based on Support Vector Machine (SVM)
  20. Effect of CuO on the Thermal Stability of Polyaniline Nanofibers
  21. Kinetics and Mechanism of Formaldehyde-Free Phenol-Glucose Novolac Resin Cured with an Epoxy
  22. Micromixing Characteristics in an Aerated Stirred Tank with Half Elliptical Blade Disk Turbine
  23. Application of Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Rotatable Design for Modeling and Optimization of Catalyst Compositions in Ethanol Synthesis via CO Hydrogenation
  24. Accurate Measurement of the Photon Flux Received Inside Two Continuous Flow Microphotoreactors by Actinometry
  25. A Non-linear Inverse Problem in Estimating the Reaction Rate Function for an Annular-Bed Reactor
  26. Passive Microextractor with Internal Fluid Recirculation for Two Immiscible Liquids
  27. Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene by Zirconia-Based Catalysts
  28. Studies on Performance Analysis and Computer Aided Design of Inverse Fluidized Bed Bioreactors with Nanosupport Particles
  29. Modeling the Industrial Propylene–Ethylene Copolymerization FBR at Emergency Accidents
  30. Modelling of the Membrane Permeability Effect on the H2 Production Using CFD Method
  31. SBA-15 Supported Bimetallic Catalysts for Enhancement Isomers Production During n-Heptane Decomposition
  32. Effects of Microwave and Ultrasonic-Assisted Aging on the Synthesis of H-ZSM-5 Nanozeolite and Its Catalytic Performance in Methanol Dehydration
  33. Oxydehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene to Styrene: Membrane Reactor Analysis and Design
  34. Methanol Electrooxidation Study on Mesoporous Silica Supported Pt–Co Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Anode
  35. An Experimental Study of the Synthesis of Ultrafine Titania Powder in Plasmachemical Flow-Type Reactor
  36. Tesla Valves in Micromixers
  37. Kinetic Modelling of Photoconversion of Phenol by a Photo-Fenton Reagent and UV
  38. Overall Effectiveness Factor for Slab Geometry in a Three-Phase Reaction System
  39. Effect of Surface Chemistry and Structure of Sludge Particles on Their Co-slurrying Ability with Petroleum Coke
  40. CFD-DEM Modeling of CO2 Capture using Alkali Metal-Based Sorbents in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed
  41. Reaction Kinetics of Catalytic Esterification of Nonanoic Acid with Ethanol over Amberlyst 15
  42. Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Geometrical Parameters on the Performance of a Contraction-Expansion Helical Mixer
  43. Comparative Study of Removal of Cadmium (II) and Chromium (III) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Low-Cost Biosorbent
  44. Ethylation of Ethylbenzene with Ethanol over Mordenite-Based Catalysts: Effects of Acidity, Desilication and Kinetics Analysis
  45. A Two-Phase CFD Modeling Approach to Investigate the Flow Characteristics in Radial Flow Moving-Bed Reactors
  46. Esterification of Free Fatty Acids in Crude Palm Oil Using Sulfated Cobalt–Tin Mixed Oxide Catalysts
  47. Numerical Simulation of Chemical Stripping Process in Resid Fluid Catalytic Cracking Stripper
  48. Experiment on Simultaneous Absorption of NO and SO2 from Sintering Flue Gas by Oxidizing Agents of KMnO4/NaClO
  49. Analysis of the Simultaneous Gas–Liquid CO2 Absorption and Liquid–Gas NH3 Desorption in a Hydrometallurgical Waelz Oxides Purification Process
  50. Investigation on Fluidized Bed Bioreactor Treating Ice Cream Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network
  51. Rapid Determination of the Residence Time Distribution (RTD) Function in an Oscillatory Baffled Reactor (OBR) Using a Design of Experiments (DoE) Approach
  52. α-Amylase Aspergillus oryzae Immobilized on Modified Expanded Perlite
  53. Diffusion and Equilibrium Adsorption Coefficients of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Species in Capillary Columns
  54. Design and Optimization of the Preparation of Calcium Carbonate from Calcium Sulfate and Ammonium Bicarbonate
  55. Short Communications
  56. Effect of Different Silicate Supports on the Catalytic Performance of MoVTeO Mixed Oxides in Partial Oxidation of Isobutane
  57. Liquid Flow and Mixing in Bottom Regions of Baffled and Unbaffled Vessels Agitated by Turbine-Type Impeller
  58. Review
  59. Progress in Reactors for High-Temperature Fischer–Tropsch Process: Determination Place of Intensifier Reactor Perspective
  60. Errata
  61. Erratum to Two-Dimensional Modeling of an Externally Irradiated Slurry Photoreactor
  62. Erratum to Photocatalytic Purification of Wastewater Polluted by Odorant Sulfur Compounds Using Titanium Oxide in a Continuous Photoreactor
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