Relationship between copper species in solution and leaching from alkaline copper quat (ACQ) treated wood
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Sedric Pankras
,
Paul A. Cooper
Abstract
The effects of pH and Cu:Mea ratio in alkaline copper quat (ACQ) solution formulation on the distribution of copper-monoethanolamine (Cu-Mea) complex species and Cu precipitation, and its influence on copper leaching from treated southern pine samples were investigated. Distribution of Cu in ACQ solution was studied by means of an equilibrium speciation model for aqueous systems (MINTEQA2). Conditions that favored a higher proportion of monovalent cationic complex, [Cu(Mea)2-H]1+, and precipitated copper as CuCO3(s), resulted in higher leach resistance in treated wood compared to conditions that favored the neutral copper complexes, [Cu(Mea)2-2H]0, and higher ligand copper complexes, [Cu(Mea)3]2+, [Cu(Mea)4]2+. Monovalent cationic Cu complex is maximized at a pH close to 9 with a Cu:Mea molar ratio of 1:4. Amounts of Cu leached at pH 9 were low compared to those at pH 12, where most of the Cu is present as neutral complex. Reduction of pH from 9 to 8 did not reduce Cu leaching, because of the lower cation exchange capacity of wood at the lower pH. Changing the Cu:Mea molar ratio to 1:3 at pH 9 significantly reduced the higher ligand complexes in the formulation and resulted in the majority of the copper being distributed as monovalent cationic complexes and some CuCO3(s) precipitation. These changes in 1:3 formulation significantly reduced copper leaching compared to Cu:Mea ratios of 1:4 and 1:10.
©2012 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
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- Meetings
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Articles in the same Issue
- Original Papers
- Synthesis of glucose esters from cellulose in ionic liquids
- A new soy flour-polyepoxide adhesive system for making interior plywood
- Hydrophobisation of mechanical pulp fibres with sodium dodecyl sulphate functionalised layered double hydroxide particles
- Effect of pH on lignin analysis by Raman spectroscopy
- Fractionation and characterization of lignin carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) of Eucalyptus globulus in residues left after MWL isolation. Part I: Analyses of hemicellulose-lignin fraction (HC-L)
- Surface and internal micro/ultrastructure of TMP fibres produced during high-intensity refining elucidate the development of pulp and paper properties
- Mechanoradical formation and its effects on birch kraft pulp during the preparation of nanofibrillated cellulose with Masuko refining
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- Revisiting the neutral axis in wood beams
- Relationship between copper species in solution and leaching from alkaline copper quat (ACQ) treated wood
- Assessment of the early signs of decay of Populus deltoides wafers exposed to Trametes versicolor by near infrared spectroscopy
- Community analysis of preservative-treated southern pine (Pinus spp.) using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Part 1: Fungal field study
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- Phylogenetic analysis and discoloration characteristics of major molds inhabiting woods. Part 3. Genus Cladosporium
- Identification of biochemical differences between the sapwood and transition zone in Robinia pseudoacacia L. by differential display of proteins
- Short Notes
- Reduction of formaldehyde emission from light MDF panels by adding chestnut shell flour
- On the structure of the active compound in mass deacidification of paper
- Meetings
- Meetings
- Masthead
- Masthead
