Carbon nanomaterials based on interpolyelectrolyte complex lignosulfonate-chitosan

Olga Brovko; Irina Palamarchuk; Konstantin Bogolitsyn; Nikolay Bogdanovich; Artem Ivakhnov; Dmitriy Chukhchin; Kristina Khviuzova; Natalia Valchuk

doi:10.1515/hf-2017-0221

Article

Carbon nanomaterials based on interpolyelectrolyte complex lignosulfonate-chitosan

Olga Brovko , Irina Palamarchuk , Konstantin Bogolitsyn , Nikolay Bogdanovich , Artem Ivakhnov , Dmitriy Chukhchin , Kristina Khviuzova and Natalia Valchuk

Published/Copyright: August 22, 2018

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From the journal Holzforschung Volume 73 Issue 2

Abstract

A new approach to the formation of “fullerene-like” carbon-nitrogen carbogels based on the interpolyelectrolyte complex lignosulfonate-chitosan (IPEC LSNa-CT) was developed. It was established that carbogel maintained the morphology of the precursor complex, i.e. the spherical geometry and the particle size of its main fractions (40–55 nm) were stored in the carbonizate. The influence of pyrolysis (Py) temperature was studied in the range of 500–1000°C on the structure of carbonizate. Carbogels obtained under different processing conditions have a well-developed microporous structure. The specific surface area of carbogels reduced with increasing Py temperature according to their nitrogen content. The maximum specific surface area (438.3 m² g⁻¹) corresponds to the carbogel obtained at 600°C, while the maximum nitrogen content of this sample is 4.4%. The internal porosity of the material and the volume of supermicropores are reduced with increasing Py temperature due to the accumulation of double and triple carbon bonds in the carbogel. Apparently, the structure-forming N-atoms participate in the formation of condensed nitrogen-containing and cyclic structures as a donor of the electron pair and as such they accelerate the carbonization process.

Keywords: biopolymers; carbogels; carbonization; chitosan (CT); interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC); lignosulfonates (LSNa); pore structure; pyrolysis; scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This research was funded by FASO of Russia under the project agreement no. AAAA-A18-118012390231-9 “Physic-chemical, genetic and morphological bases of the plant objects adaptation under the conditions of the changing climate of high latitudes” We used the equipment CCU SE “Arctic” [Northern (Arctic) Federal University] and the equipment of CCU SE CT RF-Arctic (N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research).
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.

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Received: 2017-12-29

Accepted: 2018-07-18

Published Online: 2018-08-22

Published in Print: 2019-02-25

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0221

Keywords for this article

biopolymers; carbogels; carbonization; chitosan (CT); interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC); lignosulfonates (LSNa); pore structure; pyrolysis; scanning electron microscopy (SEM)