提要
模糊限制语是言语交际的重要语用策略, 然而鲜有研究去探讨汉语模糊限制语运用的地域差异。因此本文以两岸汉语的口语会话语料为依据, 实证调查了两岸青年人模糊限制语使用的异同。结果发现, 除间接缓和语和范围变动型模糊限制语外,其他类型模糊限制语的使用频率和具体用法均存在较明显的两岸差异。但由于密切的语言接触, 有些两岸原来有差异的模糊限制语已经出现用法上的趋同, 这在一定程度上反映了两岸汉语逐渐融合的趋势。
Abstract
Hedge is an important pragmatic strategy in speech communication. However, few studies have explored the regional differences in the use of hedges in Chinese. Therefore, based on the cross-strait spoken Chinese conversation corpus, this paper investigates the similarities and differences in the use of hedges among young people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. The results show that region is an important factor affecting the use of hedges in Chinese. Besides attribution shields and rounders, there are obvious differences in the use frequency and specific usage of other types of hedges. However, it is found that some hedges that were used differently across the Taiwan Strait now share the same usage, which to some extent reflects the tendency of gradual language convergence between Taiwan and the Chinese Mainland.
Funding source: Fujian Provincial Federation of Social Sciences
Award Identifier / Grant number: FJ2022B041
References (参考文献)
Barron, Anne. 2015. Explorations in regional variation: A variational pragmatic perspective. Multilingua 4: 449–459. https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2014-0102.Search in Google Scholar
Brown, Penelope & Stephen Levinson. 1987. Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Chui, Kawai & Huei-Ling Lai. 2008. The NCCU Corpus of Spoken Chinese: Mandarin, Hakka, and Southern Min. Taiwan Journal of Linguistics 2: 119–144.Search in Google Scholar
Diao, Yanbin (刁晏斌). 2016. 海峡两岸离合词使用情况对比考察 (A comparative study of separable verbs usage across the Strait). 《海外华文教育》(Overseas Chinese Education) 4: 435–446.Search in Google Scholar
Diao, Yanbin (刁晏斌). 2017. 海峡两岸民族共同语对比研究 (A comparative study of the common national language across the Strait). Beijing (北京): China Social Sciences Press (中国社会科学出版社).Search in Google Scholar
Duan, Shiping (段士平). 2014. 性别与口语水平对大学生英语口语中模糊限制语块使用的影响–一项基于中国学生英语口语语料库的实证研究 (Effects of gender and spoken English proficiency on hedge chunks learning by Chinese EFL learners–an empirical study based on spoken English corpus of Chinese learners). 《西安外国语大学学报》 (Journal of Xi’an International Studies University) 2: 36–40.Search in Google Scholar
Fang, Qingming (方清明). 2015. 基于口语库统计的两岸华语程度副词比较研究 (Contrastive analysis of degree adverbs between Taiwanese Mandarin and Mandarin Chinese). 《世界华文教学 (第一辑)》 (Chinese Teaching in the World (Volume I)). Beijing (北京): Social Sciences Academic Press (社会科学文献出版社).Search in Google Scholar
Gao, Jieying (高洁英). 2012. 法庭回答中模糊限制语的关联理论研究 (A Relevance Theory Study of hedges in court responses). 《暨南学报 (哲学社会科学版) 》 (Jinan Journal (Philosophy and Social Sciences)) 6: 132–138.Search in Google Scholar
He, Ziran (何自然). 1985. 模糊限制语与言语交际 (Hedges and speech communication). 《外国语》(Journal of Foreign Languages) 5: 27–31.Search in Google Scholar
Holmes, Janet & Stephanie Schnurr. 2006. ‘Doing femininity’ at work: More than just relational practice. Journal of Sociolinguistics 1: 31–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-6441.2006.00316.x.Search in Google Scholar
Jiang, Yue & Ying Kou (蒋跃, 寇英). 2011. 模糊限制语使用的历时对比——以1990–1994 年与2005–2009 年英语医学论文中模糊限制语使用为例 (A diachronic study of hedging in English medical research articles (1990±2009)). 《外语教学》 (Foreign Language Education) 6: 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021563.Search in Google Scholar
Jin, Ying (金莹). 2015. 编辑校对中误用率较高的 “经常” 类副词的语义、 语用考察 (Exploration of misusage of the adverbs and editors’ judgment in proofreading). 《延边大学学报 (社会科学版) 》 (Journal of Yanbian University (Social Science)) 6: 132–139.Search in Google Scholar
Lakoff, George. 1972. Hedges: A study in meaning criteria and the logic of fuzzy concepts. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Li, Xingjian (李行健). 2017. 深化两岸语言对比研究, 促进民族共同语的融合统一(Continue contrastive studies on cross-strait use of Chinese, promote integration of a common national language). 《语言文字应用》 (Applied Linguistics) 4: 2–10.Search in Google Scholar
Lin, Chih Y., Helen Woodfield & Wei Ren. 2012. Compliments in Taiwan and Mainland Chinese: The influence of region and compliment topic. Journal of Pragmatics 11: 1486–1502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.06.012.Search in Google Scholar
Peng, Xiaochuan & Liming Yan (彭小川, 严丽明). 2006. 广州话形成中的程度副词 “超” 探微 (A research on the degree adverb “chao” in the formation of Guangzhou dialect). 《广西社会科学》 (Guangxi Social Sciences) 2: 158–162.Search in Google Scholar
Prince, Ellen F., Joel Frader & Charles Bosk. 1982. On Hedging in physician-physician discourse. In Robert J. Pietro (ed.), Linguistics and the professions. New Jersey: Ablex, Norwood.Search in Google Scholar
Ren, Wei (任伟). 2018. 汉语请求言语行为的变异语用学研究 (Pragmatic variation in Chinese requests). 《外国语》 (Journal of Foreign Languages) 4: 66–75.Search in Google Scholar
Shao, Jingmin (邵敬敏). 2016. 两岸汉语轻声词异同比较研究 (A comparative study of neutral-tone words used in Taiwan and the Chinese Mainland). 《语言文字应用》 (Applied Linguistics) 1: 131–137.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, Xiaoqiong & Hongfeng He (王小穹, 何洪峰). 2013. 疑问代词 “怎么” 的语义扩展过程 (The process of semantic extension of question pronoun “zenme”). 《汉语学习》 (Chinese Language Learning) 6: 65–73.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, Jiangang & Fenglan Sun (王健刚, 孙凤兰). 2018. 学术英语口语中缓和型模糊限制语使用特征研究 (On usage features of mitigating hedging devices in academic spoken discourse). 《外语教学》 (Foreign Language Education) 3: 66–70.Search in Google Scholar
Wu, Tieping (伍铁平). 1999. 《模糊语言学》 (Fuzzy linguistics). Shanghai (上海): Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press (上海外语教育出版社).Search in Google Scholar
Xu, Fuling (徐复岭). 2014. 试论两岸同形同义异用词 (On synonymous words with different use in China Mainland and Taiwan). 《武陵学刊》(Journal of Wuling) 1: 122–131.Search in Google Scholar
Xu, Jing (许静). 2017. 《中美外交新闻发布会话语中模糊限制语的对比研究——批评性话语分析路径》 (The comparative research on hedges in the discourse of the Chinese and American foreign press briefings of critical discourse analysis). 南京师范大学博士学位论文 (Nanjing Normal University PhD thesis).Search in Google Scholar
Xu, Zhanghong & Ziran He (徐章宏, 何自然). 2012. 模糊限制语的 “去模糊化” 功能探析 (A functional analysis of the de-fuzzification of linguistic hedges). 《当代外语研究》(Contemporary Foreign Language Studies) 7: 29–32.Search in Google Scholar
Zadeh, Lotfi A. 1965. Fuzzy sets. Information and Control 3: 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0019-9958(65)90241-x.Search in Google Scholar
Zhang, Qida (张期达). 2021. 厦门就业台胞的语言生活 (Language situation of Taiwanese working in Xiamen). 《中国语言生活状况报告 (2021)》 (Language Situation in China: 2021). Beijing (北京): The Commercial Press (商务印书馆).Search in Google Scholar
Zhou, Diansheng (周殿生). 2006. 谈两岸非通用词语 (On words not commonly used across the Taiwan Strait). 《新疆大学学报 (哲学社会科学版)》(Journal of Xinjiang University (Philosophy Social Science)) 5: 139–143.Search in Google Scholar
Zhou, Huiwei, Huan Yang, Junli Xu, Jing Zhang & Shiyong Kang (周惠巍, 杨欢, 徐俊利, 张静, 亢世勇). 2017. 中文模糊限制信息范围语料库的研究与构建 (Construction of Chinese hedge scope corpus). 《中文信息学报》 (Journal of Chinese Information Processing) 3: 77–85.Search in Google Scholar
Zhou, Xiaobing (周小兵). 1999. 频度副词的划类与使用规则 (The classification and usage rules of frequency adverbs). 《华东师范大学学报 (哲学社会科学版) 》(Journal of East China Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences)) 4: 116–119.Search in Google Scholar
Zhu, Lei (朱磊). 2018. 《现代汉语程度副词的新形式和新功能研究》 (A study on the new forms and functions of degree adverbs in modern Chinese). 上海师范大学博士学位论文 (Shanghai Normal University PhD thesis).Search in Google Scholar
© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- glochi-2023-frontmatter1
- The punishment is the reward – why elite Chinese students take supplementary Chinese literacy tutoring despite viewing it as ineffective
- The characteristics of spelling difficulties for Chinese students
- The language of Chaozhou songbooks
- Cross-cultural differences in social capital and community resilience perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 社区词、 方言词、 通用词及对华语词汇研究的启示
- 粤港澳国际新闻语言特征计量对比研究
- 港式中文研究综述
- 自然口语中两岸模糊限制语的比较
- 印尼高校中文專業現狀、問題及發展研究
- 他山之石, 可以攻玉――周清海《华语教学语法》札记
- 2022 年度华语研究综述
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- glochi-2023-frontmatter1
- The punishment is the reward – why elite Chinese students take supplementary Chinese literacy tutoring despite viewing it as ineffective
- The characteristics of spelling difficulties for Chinese students
- The language of Chaozhou songbooks
- Cross-cultural differences in social capital and community resilience perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 社区词、 方言词、 通用词及对华语词汇研究的启示
- 粤港澳国际新闻语言特征计量对比研究
- 港式中文研究综述
- 自然口语中两岸模糊限制语的比较
- 印尼高校中文專業現狀、問題及發展研究
- 他山之石, 可以攻玉――周清海《华语教学语法》札记
- 2022 年度华语研究综述