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Paley inequality for the Weyl transform and its applications

This erratum corrects the original online version which can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2023-0302
  • Ritika Singhal ORCID logo EMAIL logo and N. Shravan Kumar ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: February 11, 2025

  1. Throughout our article [3], one can work with { S T ( n ) } instead of { S T * ( n ) } as the singular value sequence associated to any compact operator is always decreasing.

  2. In Section 3, Theorem 3.1 and Theorem 3.2 of [3], the Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem cannot be applied directly to the map T { S T ( n ) } n and T { S T ( n ) ϕ ( n ) } n as the mappings are not sublinear. Hence, an alternate proof of the theorems is provided.

Theorem 3.1.

For 1 < p 2 , if f L p , p ( G × G ^ ) , then W ( f ) B p ( L 2 ( G ) ) and there exists C > 0 such that

W ( f ) p ( L 2 ( G ) ) C f p , p .

Proof.

Define an operator T on L 1 + L 2 , 1 ( G × G ^ ) by T ( f ) = S W ( f ) ( n ) . Since the singular value sequence is a decreasing sequence, using [4, Corollary 1.35], 0 S A + B ( 2 n ) S A + B ( 2 n - 1 ) S A ( n ) + S B ( n ) for n and compact operators A and B. Therefore, for all n , we have

| T ( f + g ) ( n ) | | T ( f ) ( n 2 ) | + | T ( g ) ( n 2 ) | ,

where is the least integer function. Now, it can be shown that

d T ( f + g ) ( α 1 + α 2 ) 2 ( d T ( f ) ( α 1 ) + d T ( g ) ( α 2 ) )

for α 1 , α 2 > 0 .

Since the Weyl transform maps L 1 ( 2 n ) to ( L 2 ( n ) ) and L 2 ( 2 n ) to 2 ( L 2 ( n ) ) , similar to classical Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem ([1, Theorem 4.13]), we can show that T maps L p , p ( G × G ^ ) to l p ( ) continuously and

{ S W ( f ) ( n ) } l p f p , p .

Since W ( f ) p ( L 2 ( n ) ) = { S W ( f ) ( n ) } l p , we get the desired result. ∎

Theorem 3.2.

Consider a positive function ϕ l 1 , ( N ) . For 1 < p 2 and f L p ( G × G ^ ) , we have

( n S W ( f ) ( n ) p ϕ ( n ) 2 - p ) 1 p ϕ l 1 , ( ) 2 - p p f p .

Proof.

Consider the measure ν on given by

(1) ν ( { n } ) := ϕ 2 ( n ) .

For 1 < p , we let l p ( , ν ) denote the space of all complex-valued sequences x = ( x n ) n such that

x p p = n | x n | p ϕ 2 ( n ) < .

We now claim that if f L p ( G × G ^ ) , then { S W ( f ) ( n ) ϕ ( n ) } n l p ( , ν ) . We will denote this correspondence by T and show that T is a bounded map. Our strategy here is to use the techniques involved in the Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem. To do this, we first define sequence { P ( f ) ( n ) } n as

P ( f ) ( n ) := S W ( f ) ( n 2 ) ϕ ( n ) ,

where is the least integer function.

Similar to the previous theorem, for all n , we have

| T ( f + g ) ( n ) | = | S W ( f ) + W ( g ) ( n ) ϕ ( n ) | | S W ( f ) ( n 2 ) ϕ ( n ) | + | S W ( g ) ( n 2 ) ϕ ( n ) | .

Thus

(2) | T ( f + g ) ( n ) | | P ( f ) ( n ) | + | P ( g ) ( n ) | .

Now, we claim P is both weak type ( 2 , 2 ) and ( 1 , 1 ) with respect to measure ν.

The distribution function, in this case, is given by

d P ( f ) ( y ) = ν ( { n : | P ( f ) ( n ) | > y } ) .

To show that P is of weak type ( 1 , 1 ) , we prove that

P ( f ) 1 , ϕ l 1 , ( ) f 1 .

Since for all n ,

S W ( f ) ( n ) W ( f ) f 1 ,

we have

ν ( { n : | P ( f ) ( n ) | > y } ) ν ( { n : f 1 ϕ ( n ) > y } ) .

Hence

n y < | P ( f ) ( n ) | ϕ 2 ( n ) n y < f 1 ϕ ( n ) ϕ 2 ( n ) .

Now, let w = f 1 y . Then

n ϕ ( n ) < w ϕ 2 ( n ) = n ϕ ( n ) < w 0 ϕ 2 ( n ) 𝑑 τ = 0 w 2 𝑑 τ n τ < ϕ ( n ) < w 1
= 0 w 2 s 𝑑 s n s < ϕ ( n ) < w 1 0 w 2 ( s n s < ϕ ( n ) 1 ) 𝑑 s
0 w 2 ϕ l 1 , ( ) 𝑑 s = 2 w ϕ l 1 , ( ) = 2 ϕ l 1 , ( ) y f 1 .

Thus, for y > 0 , we have

y d P ( f ) ( y ) = y n y < | P ( f ) ( n ) | ϕ 2 ( n ) ϕ l 1 , ( ) f 1 .

Also, by using the Plancherel theorem for Weyl transform, it can be seen that T maps L 2 ( G × G ^ ) continuously to l 2 ( , ν ) since

n | P ( f ) ( n ) | 2 ϕ 2 ( n ) = n | S W ( f ) ( n 2 ) | 2 = 2 n | S W ( f ) ( n ) | 2 = 2 W ( f ) 2 ( L 2 ( G ) ) 2 f 2 2 .

This shows that P is weak type ( 2 , 2 ) . Now, for f L p ( G × G ^ ) , we define

f 0 α ( x ) = { f ( x ) for  | f ( x ) | > δ α , 0 for  | f ( x ) | δ α ,
f 1 α ( x ) = { f ( x ) for  | f ( x ) | δ α , 0 for  | f ( x ) | > δ α ,

for suitable δ > 0 , so that f = f 0 α + f 1 α , and by (2), we have

| T ( f ) | | P ( f 0 α ) | + | P ( f 1 α ) | .

Now the proof follows similar to classical Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem [2, Theorem 1.3.2] and we have

T ( f ) p ϕ l 1 , ( ) ( 2 - p p ) f p

or

( n S W ( f ) ( n ) p ϕ ( n ) 2 - p ) 1 p ϕ l 1 , ( ) 2 - p p f p .

Hence the proof. ∎


Communicated by Guozhen Lu


Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Kanat Tulenov for pointing out this mistake and discussing it afterwards.

References

[1] C. Bennett and R. Sharpley, Interpolation of Operators, Pure Appl. Math. 129, Academic Press, Boston, 1988. Search in Google Scholar

[2] L. Grafakos, Classical Fourier Analysis, 2nd ed., Grad. Texts in Math. 249, Springer, New York, 2008. 10.1007/978-0-387-09432-8Search in Google Scholar

[3] R. Singhal and N. S. Kumar, Paley inequality for the Weyl transform and its applications, Forum Math. 37 (2025), no. 1, 309–323. 10.1515/forum-2024-0402Search in Google Scholar

[4] K. Zhu, Operator Theory in Function Spaces, Math. Surveys Monogr. 138, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 2007. 10.1090/surv/138Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2024-08-27
Revised: 2025-01-03
Published Online: 2025-02-11
Published in Print: 2025-06-01

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