Abstract
This paper describes the development of the existential sign var ‘there’ in Turkish Sign Language from a synchronic point of view. The sign has been previously described as being restricted to clause-final predicate position and typically used for two main linguistic functions: (i) existential and (ii) possessive. However, abundant corpus evidence indicates that var can also be used for other linguistic functions in post-verbal position, which have not been reported in the literature before. Following Construction Grammar, this study presents a theoretical framework to investigate how the construction [verb + var] arose and what its semantic motivation is, paying particular attention to the notion of possession. It is argued that this construction has three different functions: (i) habitual, (ii) evidential, and (iii) assumptive. According to this account, var originated as an existential marker and subsequently developed into a marker of possession, before evolving to encompass its other linguistic functions in three stages. Using Labov’s Apparent Time Hypothesis (Labov, William. 1963. The social motivation of a sound change. Word 19(3). 273–309), closer examination also revealed that a progressive difference exists between age groups. Younger TİD signers use the construction [verb + var] more frequently, and as the age of the TİD signer decreases, the usage of this construction in the assumptive function increases considerably.
Glossing abbreviations
- acc
-
accusative
- adv
-
adverb
- aor
-
aorist
- aux
-
auxiliary
- cl
-
classifier
- cond
-
conditional
- CxG
-
Construction Grammar
- dat
-
dative
- dir
-
direct
- ex
-
existential
- ExC
-
existential construction
- fut
-
future
- hab
-
habitual
- indır
-
indirect
- imp
-
imperative
- int
-
intentional
- ıx
-
a pointing action with the index finger
- loc
-
locative
- m
-
masculine
- mne.evd
-
mnemonic evidential
- neg
-
negation
- np
-
noun phrase
- pl
-
plural
- pt
-
pointing
- poss
-
possession
- pres
-
present
- prog
-
progressive
- pros
-
prospective
- pst
-
past
- rem
-
remote
- sg
-
singular
- sign
-
manual signs are glossed in small caps
____nonmanual
- sign
-
indicates nonmanual marking
- sıgn 1
-
person markers on pronouns and agreeing verbs
- sıgn.sıgn
-
indicates that a sign requires several spoken words to be fully translated
- signˆsign
-
fused forms
- sıgn +
-
number of repetitions of a TİD word
- q
-
question particle
Acknowledgments
An earlier version of this study was presented at Ulusal Dilbilim Kurultayı (UDK36) [National Conference on Turkish Linguistics] (2023) in Kayseri. I thank the audience for their helpful comments. TİD Corpus Project was supported by the Turkish Ministry of Family and Social Services. I am grateful to all the deaf participants for their contributions to the TİD Corpus project, without them it was impossible to complete this project. In addition, I would also like to thank my deaf colleagues Ersan Yücel, Mesut Öztürk and Sinan Bilgiç for their insights into TİD. Finally, I am very grateful to the two anonymous reviewers, Prof. Leyla Uzun, and Prof. Sumru Özsoy for their insightful comments and efforts in helping me improve the article. Of course, all shortcomings are my own.
-
Disclosure: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Articles
- Indexical meanings of the realization of /sˤ/ ص as [s] س in spoken and written Jordanian Arabic: a language change in progress?
- Nominalizations and its grammaticalization in standard Thai
- VOT in English by bilinguals with 2L1s: different approaches to voiceless and voiced stops
- An investigation of Persian response signals from an interactive perspective
- Another member out of the family: the description of manner of gait in Changana verbs of motion
- On the unified representation of continuity and discontinuity and its neurocognitive grounding
- Interaction and conventionalized expressions create the contexts for bleaching and constructional expansion: the case of GRAB
- The grammaticalization of the existential sign var in Turkish Sign Language: a Construction Grammar approach
- Morphological interpretations of syncretism in the panorama of Greek
- Book Reviews
- István Kecskés: The socio-cognitive approach to communication and pragmatics
- Jim Wood: Icelandic nominalizations and allosemy
- Carlos Acuña-Fariña: Syntactic processing: An overview
- Elly van Gelderen: The linguistic cycle: Economy and renewal in historical linguistics
- Heidrun Dorgeloh and Anja Wanner: Discourse syntax: English grammar beyond the sentence
- Rong Chen: Toward a motivation model of pragmatics
- John W. Schwieter and Julia Festman: The cognitive neuroscience of bilingualism
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Articles
- Indexical meanings of the realization of /sˤ/ ص as [s] س in spoken and written Jordanian Arabic: a language change in progress?
- Nominalizations and its grammaticalization in standard Thai
- VOT in English by bilinguals with 2L1s: different approaches to voiceless and voiced stops
- An investigation of Persian response signals from an interactive perspective
- Another member out of the family: the description of manner of gait in Changana verbs of motion
- On the unified representation of continuity and discontinuity and its neurocognitive grounding
- Interaction and conventionalized expressions create the contexts for bleaching and constructional expansion: the case of GRAB
- The grammaticalization of the existential sign var in Turkish Sign Language: a Construction Grammar approach
- Morphological interpretations of syncretism in the panorama of Greek
- Book Reviews
- István Kecskés: The socio-cognitive approach to communication and pragmatics
- Jim Wood: Icelandic nominalizations and allosemy
- Carlos Acuña-Fariña: Syntactic processing: An overview
- Elly van Gelderen: The linguistic cycle: Economy and renewal in historical linguistics
- Heidrun Dorgeloh and Anja Wanner: Discourse syntax: English grammar beyond the sentence
- Rong Chen: Toward a motivation model of pragmatics
- John W. Schwieter and Julia Festman: The cognitive neuroscience of bilingualism