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Accuracy of pulse wave velocity for screening coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Carla-Geovanna Lever-Megina , Iván Cavero-Redondo EMAIL logo , Celia Álvarez-Bueno , Cristina Morales-Berenkova , Germán Cabeza-Arrebola and Alicia Saz-Lara
Published/Copyright: January 16, 2025
Diagnosis
From the journal Diagnosis Volume 12 Issue 3

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of cardiovascular events and showed high prevalence and healthcare costs in 2019. However, CAD screening for cardiovascular event prevention is invasive and expensive. This study aims to estimate the ability of a noninvasive method, pulse wave velocity (PWV), to detect the presence or absence of coronary artery disease in patients with suspected CAD. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence was conducted, comparing PWV with the gold standard diagnostic method, angiography. The literature search was systematically performed in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases from inception to August 2024. Study quality assessment was performed using the Diagnostic Accuracy Study Quality Assessment Tool (QUADAS-2). Publication bias was assessed using the method proposed by Deeks. Statistical analyses were performed with the STATA SE software, version 15. The eight included studies had a cross-sectional design, in which the presence of CAD was measured simultaneously by PWV and angiography. To assess the accuracy of the tests, the overall sensitivity and specificity were combined into a single value, the diagnostic odds ratio (dOR), which provided a value of 3.61, indicating a high probability of detecting CAD by PWV. The implementation of PWV as a screening technique in healthcare centers could bring great benefits to patients with suspected CAD and increase efficiency in the use of healthcare resources.

Keywords: coronary artery disease; screening; diagnostic accuracy studies; meta-analysis; pulse wave velocity; angiography
Corresponding author: Iván Cavero-Redondo, PhD, CarVasCare Research Group, Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain. E-mail:

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: C.G. Lever-Megina and I. Cavero-Redondo participated by carrying out the conception and design of the present study and performed the literature search; A. Saz-Lara and C. Álvarez-Bueno contributed further by reviewing the correct performance of the statistical analyses; C. Morales-Berenkova and G. Cabeza-Arrebola contributed by acquiring data and reviewing editorial errors. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: None declared.

  7. Data availability: The original contributions presented in the study are included in the manuscript or in the supplemental material. Additional queries may be addressed to the corresponding author.

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/dx-2024-0193).

Received: 2024-12-04
Accepted: 2024-12-26
Published Online: 2025-01-16

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/dx-2024-0193
Keywords for this article
coronary artery disease; screening; diagnostic accuracy studies; meta-analysis; pulse wave velocity; angiography

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Accuracy of pulse wave velocity for screening coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  4. Prenatal screening for genetic disorders: updated guidelines, proposed counseling, a holistic approach for primary health care providers in developing countries
  5. A scoping review of fever of unknown origin with normal serum C-reactive protein
  6. Mini Review
  7. Overview of dengue diagnostic limitations and potential strategies for improvement
  8. Opinion Papers
  9. Demystifying cognitive bias in the diagnostic process for frontline clinicians and educators; new words for old ideas
  10. Physicians’ prism: illuminating history with structured expertise
  11. Original Articles
  12. Implementation of a curriculum on communicating diagnostic uncertainty for clerkship-level medical students: a pseudorandomized and controlled study
  13. A synthesized differential diagnosis is associated with fewer diagnostic errors compared to an inventorial list
  14. Equity-Driven Diagnostic Excellence framework: An upstream approach to minimize risk of diagnostic inequity
  15. Two decades of autopsy-detected diagnostic errors in Japan
  16. Does management reasoning display context specificity? An exploration of sleep loss and other distracting situational (contextual) factors in clinical reasoning
  17. Cognitive biases in osteopathic diagnosis: a mixed study among French osteopaths
  18. Racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric emergency department patients with missed opportunities for diagnostic excellence
  19. Diagnostic accuracy of non-mydriatic fundus photography as a triage and telemedicine tool for patients with vision loss
  20. “Innumerable” lesion burden on brain MRI ‒ a diagnostic approach
  21. Factors associated with positive findings of deep infection on computed tomography among patients with extremity cellulitis
  22. Exploring emergency department providers’ uncertainty in neurological clinical reasoning
  23. Analytical performance and user-friendliness of four point-of-care measuring systems for monitoring prothrombin time international normalized ratio in the hands of the intended users
  24. Fetal hematological phenotypes of various hemoglobinopathies and demonstration of embryonic hemoglobins on capillary electrophoresis: a large cohort data from prenatal screening program
  25. Development and assessment of autoverification system for routine coagulation assays in inpatient and outpatient settings of tertiary care hospital: algorithm performance and impact on laboratory efficiency
  26. Validation of new, circulating biomarkers for gliomas
  27. Short Communications
  28. Using language to evaluate curricular impact: a novel approach in assessing clinical reasoning curricula
  29. Comparative evaluation of routine coagulation testing on Stago sthemO 301 and Werfen ACL TOP 750
  30. Letters to the Editor
  31. Reversible systemic vasoconstriction syndrome: a new diagnostic family of generalized vasospasm in multiple organs
  32. The value of designating symptoms as “vague” in diagnosis
  33. Immunoglobulin E in an inverted skin-prick test for rapid detection of cutaneous antigens
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